Unit5 The Company Man

Unit5TheCompanyMan1.Textone2.Texttwo3.Oralactivity4.ExercisescontentTeachingaims•learningusefulexpressionsinthisunitReviewingthetenseofpresentperfectandpresentperfectprogressive•UnderstandingthePassageon“TheCompanyMan”Textone♠Pre-readingquestions♠Backgroundinformation♠Structureanalysis♠Comprehensionquestions♠LanguageworkofTextITypeA&TypeBPersonality•FriedmanandRosenman(1959)conductedstudiesonthelinkbetweenstressandheartdisease.OneoftheoutcomeswasthediscoveryofTypeAandTypeBpersonalities.TypeA•PeoplewhoareclassifiedashavingTypeApersonalityhavecharacteristicslike:highlyactive,competitive,aggressive,hostile,impatient,fasttalkingandthinking.TypeA•Theyhaveasenseoftimeurgency,finditdifficulttorelax,andoftenbecomeimpatientandangrywhentheygetdelayed(oriftheyaregoingtobelate)orarearoundotherpeoplewhomtheyviewasincompetent.ItisassumedthatTypeApeopletendtohavemoreriskofheartdiseasethanTypeBpeople.TypeBPeoplewhoareclassifiedashavingTypeBpersonalityarebetteratrelaxingwithoutfeelingguiltyandworkingwithoutbecominganxiousoragitated.Someoftheothercharacteristicsincludebeingmorerelaxedabouttime(theydon'tgetoverlystressedaboutbeinglate),andarenoteasilyangered.TypeB•Youprobablyknowpeoplewhojustseemedtoberelaxedpeoplewhodon’tgetangryoften;thesearethecharacteristicsofaTypeB.TheyaretheoppositeofTypeApeople.•TypeO•TypeOBloodpeoplearesaidtosetthemoodforagroupandtotakeontheroleofcreatingharmonyamongitsmembers.Theirimageisoneoftakingiteasy,ofbeingpeacefulandcarefree.Theyarealsothoughttobebig-heartedandbenevolent,andtheytendtospendmoneyonothersgenerously.TypeO•OTypesaregenerallylovedbyall.But,theyalso,surprisingly,haveastubbornandstrong-willedside,aswell,andtendtosecretlyhavetheirownopinionsonthings.Ontheotherhand,theyhavetheflexible,adaptablesideofreadilyacceptingnewthings.TheyareeasilyinfluencedbyotherpeopleorbywhattheyseeonTV.Theyseemtoappearlevel-headedandtrustworthy,buttheyoftenslipandmakebigblundersinadvertently.ButthatisalsothepointthatmakesOTypeslovable.•Whichdoyougenerallybelongto,TypeAorTypeBpersonality?•Whateffectdoesyourpersonalitybringabouttoyourlife?Whatdoyouknowaboutworkaholism?Workaholism•Workaholismisamodernaddiction.Manypeoplehavebeenafflictedbyit.•Thecauseofworkaholismisthatprofessionalachievementsaretiedupwithself-image.Structureof“workaholism”•Thephenomenonissowidespreadanditssocialconsequencessodamagingthatithasacquiredthenicknameworkaholism,acombinationofthewordsworkandalcoholism.Canyounamesomefeaturesofaworkaholic?•Theyresisttakingbreaksorrewardingthemselveswithvacations.Iftheymusttakevacations,they'relikelytobehighlyorganizedandgoal-oriented.•Theworkaholicpushesandpushes,andasheisapproachinghisgoal,heneedsanotheronetoworktowards.•Aworkaholicisnotabletostopandenjoyhisaccomplishments.Workaholics•Workaholicsbelievethat,byworkinglongerhoursandcompletingmoreprojects,theywillenhancetheirself-worth.•Workaholicsthinkaboutworkconstantlyand,ifunabletowork,feelpanickyordepressed.•Workaholicshavehighexpectationsoftheirwork,andtheirsingle-mindedfocusonworknegativelyimpactsotherareasoftheirlivessuchasfamilyandleisure.Groupwork:discussionWhatisthecauseofworkaholism?Whatpressuresdoyouthinkarecompanystaffunder?Nameafewofthem.•1.Pressurefromwork：notenoughrest;endlessworktofulfillevenonholidays.•2.Pressurefromcompetitionofnewstaff：competentnewcomersinthecompanybringaboutgreatpressureforthepresentones.•3.Pressureofone’sownfurtherdevelopment:thesecausepressureandmakessomewhite-collarworkersworried.Someevenrechargethemselveswhileworking.•4.Pressurefromfeeling:unsatisfyingproblemsinfamily.Somearefacedwithdivorce,marriage,remarry.Alltheseimposepressures,becausetheymakeitdifficulttoconcentrateonone’swork.•5.Pressurefrominterpersonalrelationship:officephilosophy•Weoftenhearofpeoplebreakingdownfromoverwork,butinninecasesoutoftentheyarereallysufferingfromworryoranxiety.(JohnLubbock,Britishbanker)Pre-readingquestions1.Whatdoyouthinkisthelifeofatypicalworkaholiclike?2.Howimportantdoyouthinkworkistoaperson?3.Whatdrivespeopletooverwork?BackgroundinformationProfession:journalistandcolumnistAchievements:1980PulitzerPrizeforcommentaryWriteforNewsweek,theDetroitFreePress,andtheBostonGlobe.Works:TurningPoints(1979),ClosetoHome(1979),AtLarge(1981).EllenGoodman(1941–),AnyofseveralawardsestablishedbyJosephPulitzerandconferredannuallyforaccomplishmentinvariousfieldsofAmericanjournalism,literature,andmusic.OtherAwards•1980DistinguishedWritingAwardtheAmericanSocietyofNewspaperEditors•1988theHubertH.HumphreyCivilRightsAwardfromtheLeadershipConferenceonCivilRights•1993thePresident’sAwardbytheNationalWomen’sPoliticalCaucus•1994AmericanWomanAwardbytheWomen’sResearch&EducationInstituteMaximsonworkHappiness,Ihavediscovered,isnearlyalwaysareboundfromhardwork.(DavidGrayson,Americanjournalist)Workbanishesthosethreegreatevils:boredom,vice,andpoverty.(Voltaire,FrenchPhilosopher)Itisimpossibletoenjoyidlingthoroughlyunlessonehasplentyofworktodo.(JeromeKalpakJerome,Britishhumorist)ToyouthIhavethreewordsofcounsel—work,workandwork.(OttoBismarck,Germanstatesman)Myp