初中英语被动被动语态课件

.thePassiveVoice（被动语态）一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态WespeakEnglish.主语谓语(vt.)宾语Englishisspokenbyus.主语谓语宾语主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示英语用：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。Readtext-2Whencanweusethepassivevoice?1.不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。Mybikewasstolenlastnight.昨晚我的自行车被偷了。Lettersarecollectedateighteverymorning.信件每天早晨八点收取。ThedeskwasmadebyMasterWang.这张课桌是王师傅做的。Thebagwastakenawaybyhissister.那个包是她姐姐提走的。2.为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。1.Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.2.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoesaremadebytheminthatfactory.3.PeopleplanttreesinSpring.TreesareplantedbypeopleinSpring.4.Hismotherusuallywashesdishesafterdinner.Dishesareusuallywashedbyhismotherafterdinner.5.MoreandmorepeoplespeakChineseintheworld.Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.二、被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以give为例，列表如下：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：一般过去将来时：现在进行时：过去进行时：现在完成时：过去完成时:将来完成时：过去将来完成时：am/is/are+donewas/were+doneshall/will+bedone(is/aregoingtobedone)should/would+bedoneam/is/are+being+donewas/were+being+donehave/has+been+donehad+been+doneshall/will+havebeen+doneshould/would+havebeen+done三、常见时态中的被动语态1.一般现在时：(1)Peoplegrowriceinthesouthofthecountry.Riceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry.(2)Theschooldoesn'tallowustoenterthelibrarywithoutateacher.Wearenotallowedtoenterthelibrarywithoutateacher.2.一般过去时：(1)Mycousinboughtabookyesterday.Thebookwasboughtbymycousinyesterday.(2)Shedesignedthefashionclothes.Thefashionclothesweredesignedbyher.(3)Theydidn’tspeakEnglishafterclassEnglishwasn’tspokenbythemafterclass.3.一般将来时：(1)Herparentswillsendherabroad.Shewillbesentabroadbyherparents.(2)Wearegoingtoholdasportsmeetingtomorrow.Asportsmeetingisgoingtobeholdtomorrow.4.现在进行时：(1)Theyaredoingtheirhomeworkonthecomputernow.Theirhomeworkisbeingdoneonthecomputernow.(2)Wearepaintingtherooms.Theroomsarebeingpaintedbyus.5.过去进行时：(1)Theworkersweremendingtheroadat7yesterday.Theroadwasbeingmendedat7yesterday.(2)Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere.Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.6.现在完成时：(1)Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.(2)Hehasbroughthisbookhere.Hisbookhasbeenbroughthere.四、含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。(1)Youmusthandinyourarticlesafterclass.Yourarticlesmustbehandedinafterclass.(2)Hecanwritemanyletterswiththecomputer.Manyletterscanbewrittenwiththecomputerbyhim.将下列主动语态转换成被动语态：1.HasPeteransweredallthequestions?HaveallthequestionsbeenansweredbyPeter?2.Theyhavefoundwaystoreducethepollution.Wayshavebeenfoundtoreducethepollution.3.Someonemusttakecareofthechildrenwhenwegoout.Thechildrenmustbetakencareofwhenwegoout.4.Tomisrepairinghisbicyclenow.HisbicycleisbeingrepairedbyTomnow.5.Theywon’tholdthemeetinguntilnextFriday.Themeetingwon’tbehelduntilnextFriday.将下列被动语态转换成主动语态：1.Yourworkshouldbedoneinanhour.Youshoulddoyourworkinanhour.2.ThejobhasbeenfinishedbyAmy.Amyhasfinishedthejob.3.AmodelplaneisbeingmadebyJerry.Jerryismakingamodelplane.4.Theproblemshallbediscussedattomorrow’smeeting.Weshalldiscusstheproblemattomorrow’smeeting.5.Thelettermaybewrittenwithapencil.Youmaywritetheletterwithapencil.6.Wasthesnowbeingremovedbytheseworkersat8yesterdaymorning.Weretheworkersremovingthesnowat8yesterdaymorning?1).不及物动词(或者词组)没有被动语态。如：belongto,happen,takeplace,last,cometrue,die,arrive,等。*Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscity.*Thatbikedoesn’tbelongtoMike.2)表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态have/fit/ownIhaveaTVset.Thecoatfitsmewell.【正】Lookattheblackboard，please．【误】Theblackboardislookedatbyyou．3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。4)反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。【正】Youmustlookafteryourself．【误】Yourselfmustbelookedafter①感官系动词没有被动语态feel，look,seem,taste,sound,smell等这鱼味道很好。Thefishtastesgood.这条围巾摸上去很软。Thescarffeelssoft.这书很好卖。这种布很好洗。Thebooksellswell.Thiskindofclothwashesverywell.这书卖完了。Thebookissoldout.②有些动词既是及物又是不及物动词，用作不及物动词时和well,badly,easily等副词连用，表示主语内在品质或性能。如：write,grow,print,sell,wash等Thehouseneedscleaning.房子需要打扫了。Thehouseneedstobecleaned.③在need,want,等少数表示“需要”的动词１带复合宾语的被动语态结构．（１）makesb.dosth.sb.bemadetodosth.MrGreenmadeJimdohishomeworkathome.JimwasmadetodohishomeworkbyMrGreenathome.watchlethavehearseenotice(2)seesb.doingsth.sb.beseendoingsth.Isawhimplayingfootballatthatmoment.Hewasseenplayingfootballatthatmoment.hear/watch/….（3）Weoftenhearthemsingthissong.Theyareoftenheardtosingthissong(byus).Thissongisoftenheard(byus)tobesung(bythem).BobsentKatealetterlastyear.=KatewassentaletterbyBoblastyear.=AletterwassenttoKatebyBoblastyear.tellaskbringwriteshowgiveteachpasslend…to2.双宾语结构的被动语态Mummademeanewdress.IwasmadeanewdressbyMum.AnewdresswasmadeformebyMum.makebuydrawsingget…for1.Iwasgivenabookbyhim.Hegavemeabook.(变被动）主语谓语间宾直宾2.Abookwasgiventomebyhim.Mymotherboughtmeabirthdaycake.主语谓语间宾直宾1.Iwasboughtabirthdaycakebymymother.2.Abirthdaycakewasboughtformebymymother.Theysaidthathewouldcomebacksoon.Itwassaidthathewouldcomebacksoon.3.Itisreported/据报道believed/人们相信hoped/人们希望saidthat......据说……4.WholockedthedoorlastWednesday?BywhomwasthedoorlockedlastWednesday?1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewind