浙南地区菜田蜘蛛自然种群消长动态及农药对其毒性

2001-11-22N990306-51964-ActaAgriculturaeZhejiangensis14295～9920021222132500023250061999200040.74%30.93%≥=12251011BTS476+.2A1004-1524200202-0095-05PopulationfluctuationofspidersinvegetablefieldsandtoxicityofinsecticidestotheminSouthZhe-jiangCHENZai-liao1XUFang-cheng2WUYong-han2CHENXiao-ying21WenzhouCityAgriculturalBu-reauWenzhouZhejiang325000Chnia2InstituteofVegetableScienceWenzhouAcademyofAgriculturalSciencesWenzhouZhejiang325005ChinaAbstractIn1999-2000speciesandpopulationdynamicsofspidersinvegetablefieldsandeffectsofcontrolpracticeswereinvestigatedinSouthZhejiang.ResultsshowedthatdominantspeciesofspiderswereTheridionoctomaculatumandErigonidiumgraminicolarespectivelyaccountingfor40.74%and30.93%ofallspiders.ItssuitableplacewereinthefollowingorderofpreferenceItalicaPlenk≥cauliflower=cabbageChinesecab-bagepakchoi.SpidersusuallyoverwinteredinDecemberandasmallnumberofspidersbegantoactiveinFebruaryinthefield.Thenumberofspiderskepthighfrommid-MaytoearlyOctoberandappearedtobeaclearpeakinNovember.Timenichebreadthandnicheoverlapofspiderswerelargesynchronizedwithinsectpestsofvegetablewhichindicatedthatthespidershadagreatcontroleffectoninsectpestinvegetablefields.Resultsalsoshowedthateffectonspidersdifferedamongthreecontrolpracticesbiologicalcontrolchemicalcontrolandfarmerdecision.BTandchlorfluazuronbiologicalcontrolhadalesskillingeffectonspidersbutlosbanfipronilandfenvaleratechemicalcontrolandfarmerdecisionweremoreToxictothem.Keywordsspidersinvegetablefieldsfluctuationnichecontrolmeasure2hm21231999200011.119992000300～667m27d2000793d41.21999581300m27dDPSLevins1968Pianka41.320008-11BT31300m23522.1212201TheridiidaeTheridionoctomaculatumBoes.etStr40.7%2Micryphantidae①ErigonidiumgraminicolaSundva1130.93%②OedothoraxinsecticepsBoes.et.Str8.33%3Tetarhnathidae7.95%①Dyschiriognathaquadrimac-ulata②LeucaugemagniricaL.Koch③TetragnathajaponidatusFabricius5.81%46.24%2.2691420022.2.112233050/m22000451011214.5/5013728/667m21999582000949-101112.2.2119992000Fig.1Populationdynamicsofspidersinvegetablefields1999-200040.74%30.93%≥=8.33%7.95%5.81%7812.319995-77911999/50Table1Distributionofspidersinvegetablefieldsinhightemperatureseason-/50/50/50/m27-1244317-14194217-181281017-21189537-2656147-2986427-3172218-02184118-0614218-09138018-1242618-1577118-1735449.95.64.31.83.28210.454722.420008231023322000Fig.2Effectofcontrolpracticesonspiderpopulationinvegetable20002Table2AveragetimenichebreadthandnicheoverlapofspidersinvegetablefieldsLevins5.76776.91153.65187.67086.49787.82577.32668.01823.2821Piana0.64600.68180.57850.69630.63610.69620.68730.69820.4547BT535689142002BT1..J..1992292172-175.2.J.200022435-38.3.M.2000.4.M.1997.5.M.1979.6.J.1990123134-137.=========================================WYMVWSSMV200150198615203’-69.7%22CWMV222472144881EMBL/DDBJ/GenBank75%99