大学体验英语视听说教程3第五单元

第三册高等教育出版社北京科技大学UNIT5ThePowerofArtsSovastisart,sonarrowhumanwit.AlexanderPopeBackgroundInformationUnitOverviewLesson1Lesson2SupplementaryReadingHomelisteningUnitOverviewThroughouttheagesarthasplayedacrucialroleinlife.Artisuniversalandwecanexperienceitonadailybasis—fromthehouseswelivein(architecture)tothemovieswesee(theatre)tothebooksthatweread(literature).Mostartiscreatedforaspecificreasonorpurpose,andithasawayofexpressingideasandbeliefs.Inthisunit,viewsonthesignificanceandroleofartineducationwillbepresented.StudentswillalsolearntoappreciatetheworksofPabloPicasso.Inaddition,studentswillbeaskedtoconductprojectsrelatedtoartseducationandappreciation.BackgroundInformationPabloPicasso(1881–1973)wasaSpanishpainter,draughtsman,andsculptor.Heisbestknownforco-foundingtheCubistmovementandforthewidevarietyofstylesembodiedinhiswork.Amonghismostfamousworksaretheproto-CubistLesDemoisellesd’Avignon(1907)andGuernica(1937),hisportrayaloftheGermanbombingofGuernicaduringtheSpanishCivilWar.Picassodemonstratedextraordinaryartistictalentinhisearlyyears,paintinginarealisticmannerthroughhischildhoodandadolescence;duringthefirstdecadeofthetwentiethcenturyhisstylechangedasheexperimentedwithdifferenttheories,techniques,andideas.Hisrevolutionaryartisticaccomplishmentsbroughthimuniversalrenownandimmensefortunesthroughouthislife,makinghimthebest-knownfigureintwentiethcenturyart.NootherartistismoreassociatedwiththetermModernArtthanPabloPicasso.Hecreatedthousandsofpaintings,prints,sculpturesandceramicsduringatimespanofabout75years.Formany,Picassoisthegreatestartgeniusofthetwentiethcentury.Forothers,heisagiftedcharlatan.However,undisputedisthefactthatheinfluencedanddominatedtheartofthetwentiethcenturylikenoothermodernartist.TheBrilliantStudentPabloPicassowasbornonOctober25,1881inMalaga,Spain,asthesonofanartanddrawingteacher.Hewasabrilliantstudent.HepassedtheentranceexaminationfortheBarcelonaSchoolofFineArtsattheageof14injustonedayandwasallowedtoskipthefirsttwoclasses.Accordingtooneofmanylegendsabouttheartist’slife,hisfather,recognizingtheextraordinarytalentofhisson,gavehimhisbrushesandpaletteandvowedtopaintneveragaininhislife.TheBlueandRosePeriodsDuringhislifetime,theartistwentthroughdifferentperiodsofcharacteristicpaintingstyles.TheBluePeriodofPicassolastedfromabout1900to1904.Itischaracterizedbytheuseofdifferentshadesofblueunderliningthemelancholicstyleofhissubjects—peoplefromthegrimsideoflifewiththin,half-starvedbodies.Hispaintingstyleduringtheseyearsismasterlyandconvinceseventhosewhorejecthislatermodernstyle.DuringPicasso’sRosePeriodfromabout1905to1906,hisstylemovedawayfromtheBluePeriodtoafriendlypinktonewithsubjectstakenfromtheworldofthecircus.BackgroundInformationCubismAfterseveraltravelstoParis,theartistmovedpermanentlytothe“capitalofarts”in1904.There,hemetalltheotherfamousartistslikeHenriMatisse,JoanMiroandGeorgeBraques.HebecameagreatadmirerofHenriMatisseanddevelopedalife-longfriendshipwiththemasterofFrenchFauvism.InspiredbytheworksofPaulCezanne,hedevelopedtheCubiststyletogetherwithGeorgeBraquesandJuanGris.InCubism,subjectsarereducedtobasicgeometricalshapes.InalaterversionofCubism,calledsyntheticcubism,severalviewsofanobjectorapersonareshownsimultaneouslyfromadifferentperspectiveinonepicture.BackgroundInformationBackgroundInformationPicassoandGuernicaIn1937theartistcreatedhislandmarkpaintingGuernica,aprotestagainstthebarbaricairraidagainstaBasquevillageduringtheSpanishCivilWar.Picasso’sGuernicaisahugemuraloncanvasinblack,whiteandgreywhichwascreatedfortheSpanishPavilionoftheParisWorld’sFairin1937.InGuernica,Picassousedsymbolicforms—thatarerepeatedlyfoundinhisworksfollowingGuernica—likeadyinghorseoraweepingwoman.GuernicawasexhibitedatthemuseumofModernArtinNewYorkuntil1981.ItwastransferredtothePradoMuseuminMadrid,Spainin1981andwaslatermovedtotheQueenSofiaCenterofArt,Madridin1992.PicassohaddisallowedthereturnofGuernicatoSpainuntiltheendoftheruleofFascismbyGeneralFranco.ThevideoclipsofthisunitareselectedfromPowerofArt,whichisaBBCdocumentaryserieswrittenandpresentedbySimonSchama.Lead-inAudiostudioVideostudioSpeakingworkshopProjectbulletinTask1Task2Task3Task1DescribingthePictureDescribethepicturefirstandthendiscusshowartscanhelpchildrendeveloptheirmind.Howcanartseducationhelptocultivatechildren’sminds?Doyouthinkallschoolsshouldprovideartseducationforchildren?Task2ReflectingontheReading1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkababy’shummingmeans?Answer:Itmeansnothingtoothers,buttothebabyitmeansperfectmusicandhisfirstcontributiontoart.ReadthroughtheSupplementaryReadingpassageonpage132,andanswerthefollowingquestions.2.Whydopeopleeasilyforgetthattheirfirstfive-yearlifewasmainlydevotedtoart?Answer:Becausethebusinessofliving,orratherthebusinessof“makingaliving”becomesthemostimportanteventlifeandpeoplejustcareaboutpracticalthings.3.Whatartformswerecreatedbythecave-man?Answer:Picturesoftheelephantsandthedeerwhichhehuntedandroughfiguresofattractivewomenonhiscavewalls.4.Whydidtheworkmeninthefactoriesloseinterestinthemusicoftheirancestry?Answer:Becausetheyhadlistened