高一物理必修2《功和功率》测试题

ModalVerbI情态动词Unit1Grammar情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。表示“需要、可以、必须、应当”等。什么是情态动词？(ModalVerbs)Underlinethemodalverbs①Mostancientfestivalswouldcelebratetheendofcoldweather.②Itisnowachildren'sfestival,whentheycandressup③Iftheneighborsdonotgiveanysweets,thechildrenmightplayatrickonthem.2/12/20203Underlinethemodalverbs④InEuropeancountries,peoplewillusuallydecoratechurches⑤Shewouldneverforgethim.⑥AttheSpringFestivalinChina,peoplemaygivechildrenluckymoneyinredpaper.2/12/20204情态动词的语法特征1.情态动词不能单独做谓语,后接动词原形。（除oughtto;haveto外）2.情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有些情态动词（如can,will）有一般式和过去式的变化。ModalVerbImay/mightcan/couldwill/wouldshall/shouldmust/can’t2/12/20206can的主要用法是：1.表示能力：eg.Thegirlcandanceverywell.2.表示说话者的推测﹑事物的可能性:eg.Canthenewsbetrue?3.在口语中,表示请求或允许：eg.CanIsithere?can和couldcould的主要用法：1.could---can的过去式,表示与过去有关的能力或推测:eg.IcanspeakfluentEnglishnow,butIcouldn’tlastyear.2.could可以代替can表示请求,但语气较can客气、委婉:eg.Couldyoulendmeyourdictionary?CouldIuseyourbike?★用could提问，答语用can（即：could不能用于现在时态的答语中）---CouldIborrowyourpen?---yes,youcan.can和beableto辨析can(could)和beableto都可以表示能力，意思上没有区别。但can只有现在式和过去式，而beableto则有更多的形式。如：Thosebagslookreallyheavy,areyousureyou’llbeabletocarrythemonyourown?2020年2月12日星期三10may和mightmay的用法：1.表示请求、允许（比can较为正式）eg.MayIcomein?Youmaygonow.★用may提问，否定回答用mustnot(mustn’t)禁止、阻止hadbetternot最好别maynot不可以——MayIsmokehere?——Yes,youmay.No,youmustn’tNo,you’dbetternot.No,youmaynot.2/12/2020122.表示说话人的猜测（肯定句和否定句）含有“也许”“大概”“可能”之意。Myfriendmayarrivethisafternoon.3.表示祝愿;但语气较正式:eg.Mayyousucceed!Mayyouhaveagoodjourney!might的用法may的过去时，表示可能性时，语气显得更加不确定。Myfriendmightarrivethisafternoon.2/12/202014will和wouldQuestion:will/would是助动词还是情态动词？will构成将来时-----助动词。表示“意志”“决心”“请求”---情态动词。例：Iwilltellyousomethingimportant.我要告诉你一件重要的事情。（助动词）WillyoutellherthatI'mhere?请您告诉她说我在这儿，好吗？（情态动词）will和would的用法1、表示请求、建议等，用于第二人称（用would比will委婉）Willyoupleasetakeamessageforhim?Wouldyoupleasetellmeyourtelephonenumber?2020年2月12日星期三162.表示习惯或倾向，意为“总是”，“习惯于”。eg:Fishwilldiewithoutwater.Peoplewilltalk.(人们总会说闲话。)Whenweworkedinthesameoffice,wewouldoftenhavecoffeetogether.shall和shouldshall用法1.表征求意见，用于一、三人称，（疑问句）Shallwegobytrain,Mom?Shallheattendthemeeting?shall和shouldshall用法2.用于二、三人称的陈述句中，表威胁、警告、命令、允诺等语气Heshallbesorryforitoneday,Itellyou.YoushalldoasIsay.Ifyourchildrendon’tdoasItellyou,youshallnotgototheparty.（警告）(命令)(威胁)should用法1.应该=oughtto（劝告、建议）Youshouldstudyhard.Youshouldreadhisnewbook.2.表估计，可译为“按理应当”、“估计”。TryphoningRobert,heshouldbehomenow.should用法3.用于第一人称，询问意愿，语气温和委婉ShouldItrusthim?WhatshouldIdonow?4.万一，用在if引导的条件句中，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但也不是完全不可能。或直接用于句首。IfIshouldbefreetomorrow,I’llcome.ShouldIbefreetomorrow,I’llcome.should用法5.“居然”，“竟然”,表说话人意料之外。Tomysurprise,heshouldbeathief.WhyshouldeveryonewanttomarryTony?must的主要用法1.必须，应该。语气比should，oughtto强烈。eg:Everybodymustobeythelaw.Youmustn’tdrivesofastinthestreet.2.表示有把握的猜测。“一定”、“准是”结构：mustbeeg:Hemustbeanhonestboy.★用must提问，回答方式肯定回答：yes,please/I’mafraidso否定回答：needn’t/don’thaveto--MustIcomebackbeforeten?--No，youneedn’t.★表猜测的否定或疑问句用can/could,不用mustn’t.IfMarydidn’tleavehereuntil5:00,shecan’tbehomeyet.1.----____Igoouttoplay,mum?----No,you___.Youshoulddoyourhomeworkfirst.A.Might;wouldn’tB.May;hadbetternotC.Must;mustn’tD.Need;mustn’tExercise2.---WhereisEmma?---Ican’tsayforsurewheresheis,butshe___beoutshopping.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.may3.Theroomisinaterriblemess;it____cleaned.A.can’thavebeenB.couldn’tbeC.mayhavebeenD.wouldbe4.There____beanydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepractisedalotinthedrivingschool.A.mustn’tB.shan’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t1Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountry____beunderadultsupervisionwheninapubliclibrary.(2004上海）A.mustB.mayC.canD.need2—What’sthename？—Khulaifi._____Ispellthatforyou？（2006北京）A.MightB.WouldC.CanD.Shall3Someaspectsofapilot’sjob_____beboring,andpilotsoften_____workatinconvenienthours.（2006湖南）A.can；havetoB.may；canC.haveto;mayD.oughtto;must4Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I_____thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.(2006江西）AshouldhavetakenBcouldhavetakenCneedn’thavetakenDmustn’thavetaken5—How’syourtouraroundtheNorthLake?Isitbeautiful?—It________be,butitisnowheavilypolluted.（2007全国I）A.willB.wouldC.shouldD.must6Itoldyourfriendhowtogettothehotel,butperhapsIhavedrivenherthere.（2007陕西）A.couldB.mustC.nightD.should