人教版高中英语必修3unit4

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsastronomy(n)天文学astronomer天文学家solar(a)太阳的,日光的solarenergy太阳能sun--sunny太阳—晴朗的system(n)系统，体系solarsystem太阳系religion(n)宗教religious(a)宗教的theory(n)学说；理论BigBang宇宙大爆炸atom(n)原子atomicbomb—nuclearweapon原子弹-核武器billion(n,pron,a)十亿；万亿(英)violent(a)-fierce强烈的,暴力—激烈的,猛烈的globe(n)球体;地球仪;地球global(a)全球的;全世界的earth(n)地球;土壤;尘世intime—ontime及时；终于-按时innotime–attimes–atatime—fromtimetotime立刻,马上-偶尔-每次、依次-时不时carbon(n)碳nitrogen(n)氮vapor(n)蒸汽；水蒸气atmosphere(n)大气层;气氛,环境unlike(prep)不同；不像fundamental(n)基本的，基础的fundamental-primary-elementary-basic最基础的-排序基础-初级-基本的，必要的presence出席；到场；存在present(v;a;n)—absent(a)提供;赠与;当前的;礼物—缺席的dissolve(v)溶解；解散harmful(a)有害的beharmfultosb–bebadforsb对…有害acid(n)酸chain(n)链子;连锁;锁链chain/multiplystore连锁店reaction(n)反应；回应reacttosth—reacton对..做出反应;对…起作用multiply(v)乘；增加plus-minus-multiply-divide加减乘除multiply2by4isdivide8by4is22*4=8;8除4=2oxygen(n)氧shellfish(n)水生有壳动物amphibian(n)球体;地球仪;地球reptile(n)爬行动物layegg下蛋;(放置;搁下)dinosaur(n)恐龙exist(vi)生存existin---existon存在..之中--靠…为生existence(n)(in~)生存(现存)mammal(n)哺乳动物givebirthto产生、分娩thus(ad)--so因此；于是inone’sturn轮到某人；接着dioxide(n)二氧化物carbondioxide二氧化碳prevent…from…阻止…不要…puzzle(v;n)迷；难题；(使)迷惑puzzleout琢磨透biology(v)生物学biologist(n)生物学家gravity(n)万有引力,重力satellite(n)卫星;人造卫星gentle(a)温和；文雅gentleman绅士geologist(n)地质学家physicist(n)物理学家blockout挡住(光线)blockoff—blockin(ad)关闭，封闭—使…受阻extinct(a)绝种的;灭绝的climate(n)气候temperature-weather气温-天气comet(n)彗星crash(v)--cash碰撞;坠落-现金spaceship(n)宇宙飞船pull(n,vt)拉力;拖;拔;牵引力lesson(v)减少；减轻cheerup欢呼，感到振奋cheersbon给某人加油float(vi;vt;n)浮动；漂浮；漂浮物float—sink漂浮—沉weightlessly(ad)失重地weight(n,vt)重量；体重；重任；给…负重cabin(n)小屋，船舱mass(n;a)质量;团块;大量;群众的；大规模的amassof…一大团；nowthat既然；由于（同since)getthehangof熟悉；掌握；理解breakout突发，爆发breakawayfrom脱离；放弃(习惯)breakdown毁坏；制服；坍塌breakinto破门而入；突然…起来exhaust(vt)用尽；使精疲力竭sbbeexhausted某人精疲力竭beginwith以…为起点explodewith突然爆发aswellas也.explodewithanger勃然大怒dependonsb/~sth依靠某人；取决于某事watchout密切注视；当心；提防1.intime:soonerorlater;eventually迟早;最终我迟早会遇见他.I’llseehimintime.intime(forsth./todosth.):notlate及时；不迟她会及时回来准备晚餐.Shewillbebackintimetopreparedinner.你认为我们能及时赶上火车吗?Doyouthinkwecangetthere_________thetrain?intimeforExercise:与time相关的短语:ontime按时;准时innotime立刻,马上attimes有时atatime每次;依次onceuponatime从前atonetime从前forthetimebeing暂时fromtimetotime不时地1)allow…to…=permit…todo…2)harmfuladj.Opp:harmless;harmn./v.beharmfultosb./sth.=doharmtosb./sth.=dosb/sthharm对…有害过多的二氧化碳对环境有害.Toomuchcarbondioxideisharmfulto/doesharmtotheenvironment.2.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.3.Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.1)Chainreaction连锁反应2)Makeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.使生命的发展成为可能makeit+adj./n.sb./sth.todosth.老师让他们跟容易地明白那个问题.Theteacher_________________________________.madeiteasyforthemtounderstandthequestion4.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.另外一些叫作两栖动物,它们既能在陆地上生活也能在水里生存.aswellas表示“(除….之外)也;既……又”.如:I’mlearningFrenchaswellasEnglish.我学英语之外还学法语.Hegrowsflowersaswellasvegetables.他既种菜也种花HeaswellasI______rockmusic..“就远原则”likes5.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylayingeggs.It’sgenerallybelievedthat…一般认为…generallyspeaking一般而言，概括来说1)It’sgenerallybelievedthatgirlsworkharderthanboysdo.2)Generallyspeaking,womencrymoreeasilythanmen.1)multiplyv.乘:增加,繁殖；7乘以4等于28.4multipliedby7istwenty-eight.我们的功课自上高中以来增多了.Ourhomeworkhavemultipliedsincewecametohighschool.蚊子在夏天繁殖得很快.Mosquitoesmultiplyrapidlyinsummer.6.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceansandseaswithoxygen,whichencouraged…=Multiply7by4tomake28.7.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140millionyears.existin存在与…之中；existon靠…为生Itwasimpossibleforthemto________suchasmallincome.Theuniverse_________space.existonexistsininexistence现存的comeintoexistence=comeintobeing开始存在、成立Whendidthisworldcomeintoexistence?8.Theseanimalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast,becausetheygavebirthtoyoungbabyanimalsandproducemilktofeedthem.givebirthto1)生（孩子）She’sjustgivenbirthtoahealthybabygirl.她刚刚生了个健康的女婴。2)产生Theextraordinaryexperiencegavebirthtohislatestnovel.这段奇特的经历促成了他的最新的一部小说的诞生。9.Thustheyhave,intheirturn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanetsontheplanet.1)thusadv.因此；从而Shestudiedhard,____________________.thusshegothighmarksHeforgottoturnontheradioand________________________.thusmissedtheprogram2)Inone’sturn轮到某人Itwillbe_______________tobeondutytomorrow.inSam'sturn10.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.阻止某人做某事:preventsb.(from)doingsth.stopsb.(from)doingsth.keepsb.fromdoingsth.1)Wemustpreventthemfrommakingtrouble.2)Youshouldpreventthechildfrominjuringhimself.注意：keepsb.fromdoingsth.中from不可省略,但如在被动语态中,他们中的from都不可省。11.WhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsOfyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.dependon:依赖，依靠It/thatalldepends那得看情况而定我们都靠你来做决定了．We’llall_______________tomakeadecision.明天是否能开校运会取决与天气．Whethertoholdthesportsmeetingornotwill_______________________.dependonyoudependsontheweatherdependonsb.依靠,相信某人dependonsth.取决与某物12、fundamental,primary,elementarybasic•f：原则上的，最基础的，也可以理解为最根本