人教版高中英语必修3-第四单元unit4单词讲解

必修3Unit41重点单词.词组讲解1.systemn.体系;系统asystemofgovernment政治制度【07山东】35．Thebookwaswrittenin1946,_______theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatcharges.A．whenB．duringwhichC．sincethenD．sincewhen2.theoryn.学说;理论.Darwinspentmorethantwentyyearsworkingonhistheoryofevolution.达尔文花了二十余年时间研究他的进化论。【08天津】Ifherstudiesprovethetheory,scientistsmaybeabletomonitorthebehaviourofsharkstopredictbadweather.【10湖北】however,accordingtoWarren’stheory,itisreallytheoppositeofwhatweneed.3.violentadj.1)激烈的;猛烈的Theboatsankinaviolentstormatsea.船在海上强烈的风暴中沉没。2)暴力的;,凶暴的Shediedaviolentdeath.她惨遭横祸。violentlyadv激烈地,猛烈地,暴力地,极度地Theyhavecomeintoconflict,sometimesviolently.他们产生了矛盾,有时矛盾还非常激烈。violencen.(U)1)激烈,猛烈Thewindblewwithgreatviolence.风异常猛烈地吹着。2)暴力,暴力行为Whateverhappens,Iwillneveruseviolence.。【12浙江】highschoolstudentsindicatesthatmostviolentincidentsbetweenstudentsbeginwitharelativelyminorinsult(侮辱).4.intime必修3Unit421)及时Theywerejustintimeforthebus.2)迟早，总有一天Intimeyou'llforgethim.关于time的短语allthetime一直，始终atthesametime同时ontime按时atnotime从不，决不Atnotimeshouldyougiveupstudying.innotime立即，马上I'llbebackinnotime.takeone’stime不急，慢慢干Takeyourtimepacking,forwestillhaveoneandahalfhour.【09天津】4.______theprojectintime,thestaffwereworkingatweekends.A.CompetingB.HavingcompletedC.TohavecompletedD.Tocomplete5.unlike形容词(反义词like)1)adj.不同的;相异的Theygaveunlikeaccountsoftheincident.他们对这事情的描述各不相同。2)prep.不像,和...不同It'sunlikeyounottosayhello.连招呼都不打这不像是你。unlikely1)adj..不太可能的;靠不住的不像是真的,[+to-v][+that]Itseemsunlikelythathewillcome.他似乎不大可能来。2)adv.不可能,未必Shemay,notunlikely,goabroad.她或许会出国,这未必不可能。【10福建】24.StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanetlifehasdevelopgradually.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose6.harmfuladj有害的(+to)(反义词harmless)Smokingisharmfultohealth.吸烟有害健康。必修3Unit43harm1)n.损伤,伤害;危害[U](精神上或物质上)Imeantnoharm.Onlybadpeopledoharmtoanimals.doharmto…对…有害处2)vt.损害,伤害;危害Theproductmayharmtheenvironment【12广东】Allweknowisthatalowlevelisharmfultobraindevelopmentandmakesababyeasilyannoyed.【08福建】Mosthealthexpertsbelievethatbyprotectingtheskinfromtheharmfuleffectsofthesun7.layvt.vi1)放,搁Pleaselaythepackagesonthetable.请把包裹放在桌上。2)铺设;砌(砖);涂Theworkersarelayingthetracks.3)下蛋;产卵Theblackhenlaysaneggaday.那只黑母鸡每天生一个蛋。8.exist存在Suchathingdoesn’texist.existencen.存在,实在[U]Wedonotbelieveintheexistenceofghosts.我们不相信真有鬼。comeintoexistence产生，成立【11安徽】26.—Whatdoyouthinkofstoreshoppinginthefuture?—Personally,Ithinkitwillexistalongwithhomeshoppingbut_____.过去式过去分词lie（说谎，规则动词）liedliedlie（躺，不规则动词）laylainlay(放置,下蛋,不规则动词laidlaid必修3Unit44A.willneverreplaceB.wouldneverreplaceC.willneverbereplacedD.wouldneverbereplaced【10重庆】Wetakedelightintheexistenceofcreatures9.givebirthto生(孩子),使...发生Shegavebirthtoafinehealthybaby.bybirthadv.在血统上，生来I'manAmericanbybirth.我是土生的美国人10.inone’sturnadv.轮到(某人);现在到了(某人)自己该接班,该行动It'sinyourturntocleanthefloor！关于turn的名词短语：1.byturns交替地，轮流地Wedidtheworkbyturns.2.inturn依次地，一次一个地Theyansweredtheteacher'squestionsinturn.3.outofturn不按顺序，加塞儿Nooneisallowedtogethisticketoutofturn.关于turn的动词短语：1.turnup①出现，到达②开大音量2.turndown①关小②拒绝3.turnon打开4.turnoff关掉（煤气，水，电，收音机，电视机等）5.turnout证明是，结果是6.turninto把……变成，译成7.turnto翻到，求助于11.prevent…from阻止;制止;妨碍(口语中省略from,被动语态中不省)OfcourseIcan'tpreventyougoing.当然,我不能阻止你去。12.puzzle1)难题,谜,awordpuzzleTheirreasonfordoingitisstillapuzzletome.2)困惑,迷惑beinapuzzle感到困Herdecisionwasapuzzletohim.她的决定对他来说是个谜。I'minapuzzleastohowtocopewiththenewsituation.必修3Unit45vt.1)使迷惑;使为难,使窘困Hisrecentbehaviorpuzzlesme.puzzlementn.迷惑;费解puzzlingadj令人迷惑的【08江西】Shestaredathim,puzzledatfirst,thenangryandfinallyalookofhelplessnesscameoverher.【07陕西】Thisoftencausespuzzlement.13.crash1)vi.vt(发出猛烈声音地)碰撞,坠落,(飞机等)坠毁,撞坏,(电脑)死机Themotorcyclecrashedintothefence.摩托车猛地撞在围栏上。AnairlinercrashedwestofDenverlastnight.ThePCjustcrashed.那部个人电脑刚死机了。2)n.相撞(事故);(飞机的)坠毁,Alotofpassengerswerekilledinthetraincrash.许多旅客在火车车祸中丧生【12福建】24.—Whendidthecomputercrash?—Thismorning,whileI______thereadingmaterialsdownloadedfromsomewebsites.A.havesortedB.wassortingC.amsortingD.hadsorted【09上海】31.Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,_____allfourpeopleonboard.A.killedB.killingC.killsD.tokill14.pullvt.vi拉,拖,牵,拽;搬走YoupushandI'llpull.n.拉,拖[C]Hegaveastrongpullattherope.他用力拉了拉绳子。pull,push,drag辨析pull更多是强调“拉”，与push（推）相对应drag是“顺着地面拖”或“强行拉拖某物体或某人”必修3Unit46Hegrabbedheranddraggedheraway.他抓住她,把她拖走了。【08陕西】13.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,thehandsofwhichweremadeofsmalldiamonds.15.cheervi.vt.1)欢呼,高呼;Theaudiencecheeredthemoviestarasshewalkedonstage.2)使振奋,鼓舞;使鼓起精神Thethoughtcheeredhim.这想法鼓舞了他。n.1)欢呼,喝彩[C],鼓励,激励[U]Thedoctorspokewordsofcheertothesickchild.医生向病孩说了一些鼓励的话。cheers干杯，谢谢，再见（电话中）cheerup感到高兴，振奋【11全国2】18．Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,______nothingabouttheargument.A.saysB:saidC.tosayD.saying【07辽宁】29.ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiang.16.massn.___________________1)团,块,堆,片,群amassofcloud一片云massesofcloud2)众多;大量,大宗(+of)I'vemassesofworktodo.我有许许多多的工作要做。Therewasamassofchildrenintheyard.院子里有一大群孩子。3)大众,民众[themasses]Iwonderiftheyaretrulyconcernedabouttheinterestsofthemasses.我不知道他们是否真正关心民众的利益。adj.大众的,民众的;大量的;大规模的;大批的Masseducationisessentialinpromotingdemocracy.民众教育对提倡民主重要的。必修3Unit47