初中英语语法系列-构词法

英语构词法WordsBuilding南宁外国语学校余昆湘1.Whenareyougoingtowriteaboutenvironmentaleducation?2.Ifwedon’t,thefutureishopeless.3.It’swastefultothrowawaypaperandmetal.3.Reusemeans“useagain”.4.Everyclasscollectsreusablewaste.GeneralintroductionClassifywordsCompounding(有两个或更多的词合成一个词)Derivation(在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词)prefixsuffixConversion(将一种词性转化成另一种词性)Classify:classroomfreedomdarkestplaceinvitationlockeverydayriversideloneliestupstairshopefulcarelesscleanwalk合成词(有两个或更多的词合成一个词):派生词(在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词):转化词(将一种词性转化成另一种词性):classroomeverydayriversideupstairsfreedomdarkestinvitationloneliesthopefulcarelessplacelockcleanwalk合成(Compounding)有两个或更多的词合成一个词•加前缀：happy---unhappy•加后缀：enjoy---enjoybale既加前缀又加后缀：health---unhealthy派生词（derivation）派生法（Derivation）---词缀法1.前缀:Re-Rewrite,return,reuse(重新)dis-（不）disagree,dislike,disappearsupermarket,supermansuper-（超级）in/im-（不）incorrectimpossible常见的后缀1.名词后缀：-er-or-tion-mentteacher,workervisitor,actoreducation,pollutiondevelopment,movement-ity-ist-hood-ion名词后缀：ability,possibilitypianist,artistchildhood,neighbourhoodaction,solution,常见的后缀2.形容词后缀：-ous-ful-able-ant,-ent-ydangerous,humoroushelpful,carefulcomfortable,important,excellentsunnywindy-ern-en-(a)n-ly-less-aleasternsoutherngoldenwoodenAmericanAustralianfriendlylovelyCarelesshomelessnaturalnational3.副词性的词缀：-lyquickly,softly,yearly转化法（Conversion）tasten.味道v.尝起来Ithasagoodtaste.Ittastesverygood.recordn.记录v.记录Hebroketherecord.Helikestorecordsomethingwhilereadingabook.water，break，watch，boat，cook,open；clean,light;orange；play,colourWhatarethemeaningsoftheseWords?直击中考题型：1、单项选择2、单词分类3、用词的正确形式填空4、完形填空5、短文填空1、单项选择（南宁08中考）37．WebelievethatwecanholdtheBeijing2008OlympicGames________．A．SuccessfulB．successfullyC．successD．succeed2、单词分类（南宁08中考）A．callingB．oftenC．scientificD．fantasticE．helpingF．usually42．Thankyoufor________／________me．43．They________／_______playbasketballafterschool．44．Theinventionisvery________／________．BAEBFCD用词的正确形式填空94．Guangxiorganizedsome________teamstoleaveforWenchuantohelpthepeoplethere（medicine）（南宁08中考）87．—AreyouCanadian?—No．Iam________．（Australia）（南宁08中考）93．—Wholives________fromtheschool．Sam，AmyorLinda?—Linda．（far）（南宁08中考）Australianfarthestmedicial短文填空（2009山西省）Dolphinsare71.___________(interest)animalsandresearchersfindthemsmarttowatch.They72._________(have)nohands，butcanusetoolstosolveproblems，justlikeus.Thereisnoevidencethatdolphinshavealanguageoftheirown，buttheycanunderstandmanysign73._________(language).Theycanrespond(反应)quite74._________(correct)andquickly.Dolphinsliveinaverydifferentworld，buttheyaregoodat75._________(do)our“intelligent(智能的)tests”.interestinghavelanguagescorrectlydoing构词法：合成(合成词(有两个或更多的词合成一个词):Compounding)派生法（Derivation）【前缀/后缀】转化法（Conversion）【词性转换】SummaryHomeworkFinishalltheexercises.