北京、天津景点-英文介绍

天津Tianjin（Jinforshort）isamunicipalitydirectundertheCentralGovernment,aswellasanopeningcity.It'ssituatedintheeasternpartoftheNorthChinaPlain,coveringanareaof11,300squarekm.andwithapopulationofsixmillion.Ithasasemi-humidcontinentalclimateinthewarmTemperateZone.Withanannualaveragetemperatureof12degreescentigrade,andrainfallof590millimeters,ithas220frost-freedaysperyear.It'srichinpetroleum,naturalgasandseasaltalongthecoastalarea.AsoneofChina'sbiggestindustrialcenters,Tianjinhasbuiltupanall-roundindustrialsystemwithmachinery,electronics,textiles,chemicals,metallurgy,foodstuffetc.asitsmainstays.Theproductiononafairlylargescale,ofartsandcraftslikehand-madecarpets,Yangliuqing'sNewYearPicturesprintedfromanengravedwoodplate,Zhang'spaintedclayfigurines,kitesetc.holdsanimportantpositioninthecountry.TianjinhasalreadyachievedsuccessesintheoperationofitsEconomicandTechnologicalDevelopmentZoneinthenortheasternpartofTangguDistrict,coveringanareaof33squarekm.TianjinisoneofthemostprosperousbusinessareasaswellasadistributioncenterforgoodsandmaterialsinNorthChina.It'salsoakeyhuboflandandseacommunications.ItsportconsistingofTianjin,TangguandXingangHarboursisanimportantChineseSeaport,servingasthemostconvenientseaoutletforBeijing,NorthChinaandNorthwest.Theportaccessibletooceanfreightersoftenthousandtonsclasshasopenedmorethan20oceanshippingroutes.Tianjinhasawell-developedroadtransportnetwork,regularair-servicetoover30citiesthroughoutthecountry,andinlandwatershipping,inadditiontothepipelinesforoiltransport.Tianjinisafamoushistoricalcity.ThebestknownscenicspotsandhistoricalsitesincludeNingGarden,TianhouTemple（TempleofHeavenlyEmpress）,DuleTempleinJicounty,TheGreatWallattheHuangyaPass,thePanshansceneryareaetc.EffortsarebeingmadetodevelopTianjinprimarilyintoafinancialcenterinNorthChina,aninternationalcommercialcityandafreeport.旅游英语之天坛英文介绍TheTempleOfHeavenTheTempleofHeavenislocatedinsouthernBeijing.ItisincludedintheUNESCOworldheritagelistin1998.Withanareaof2.7millionsquaremeters,itisthelargestofitskindinthecountry.Builtin1420,the18thyearofthereignofMingEmperorYongle,thetemplewaswhereemperorswenttoworshipheavenforgoodharvests.Thetempleconsistsoftwoparts--theinneraltarandouteraltar.Themainbuildingsareintheinneraltar,onthenorth-southaxis.AtthesouthernendaretheImperialVaultofHeaven(1)andtheCircularMoundAltar(2).OnthenorthernendaretheHallofPrayerforGoodHarvests(3)andtheHallofImperialZenith(4).Thestructuresatbothendsareconnectedbya360-meter-longwalk.ThereisalsotheHallofAbstinence(5)insidetheWestHeavenlyGateinwhichtheemperorfastedforthreedaysandbathedbeforeprayer.Thetemple'smainbuildingistheHallofPrayerforGoodHarvests,wheretheemperorprayedforgoodharvests.Theroundhall,38metershighand30metersindiameter,hastripleeavesandacone-shapeddeepbluetileroofcrownedwithagildedknob.Surroundingthehallisasix-meter-highspaciouscircularstoneterraceonthreelevels,eachedgedbyabalustradeofcarvedwhitemarble.TheCircularMoundAltarisoneofthemoreimportantbuildingsandisathree-tierwhitestoneterraceenclosedbytwowalls.Geometricallydesigned,thealtarhasataijirockatthecenterofthetopterrace.Ifyoustandontherockandspeakinanormalvoice,yourvoicewillsoundlouderandmoreresonanttoyourselfthantoothersaroundyou,becausethesoundwavesreflectedbythebalustradesarebouncedbacktothecenterbytheroundwall.TheImperialVaultofHeaven,theplacetolaythememorialtabletstotheheavenistothenorthoftheCircularMoundAltar.ItisverysimilarinstructuretotheHallofPrayerforGoodHarvestsbutissmaller.TheVault,madeofbrickandtimber,is19metershighand15.6metersindiameter.Itissurroundedbyacircularwallofpolishedbrickwithanopeningtothesouth.ThisisknownastheEchoWall(6)andis3.72metershigh,61.5metersindiameterand193metersincircumference.Ifapersonwhispersclosetothewallatanypoint,hisvoicecanbehearddistinctlyatanyotherpointalongthewall.AroundtheHallofAbstinencearetwoimperialditchesandtheyarecircledbya163-baywalkway.TheAbstinenceBronzeManPavilionandTimeandMemorialTabletsPavilionareatheCelestialTerraceofthemainhall.Toaddthesolemnityoftheoccasion,thebellsinthetwobelltowersatthenortheastendwerestruckwhentheemperorprayedforgoodharvests.天坛英语导游词LadiesandGentlemen:WelcometothetempleofHeaven.(Afterself-introduction)preservedculturalheritagesofChina.Therearebasicallytwokindsofvisitorswhocomehere:localpensionerswhodoexerciseshereinthemorningandeveningandsightseersbothfromhomeandabroad.Allinall,thereare12millionvisitorsveryyear.Nowwearegoingtogoalongtheroutethatleadstothealter.Itwilltakeroughlyonehour.Mindyou,theemperoralsowalkedalongthisroutetopaytributetotheGodofHeaven.(AlongtheSouthernSacredRoadleadingtotheCircularMoundAltar)ThelargestgroupofarchitecturesevertobededicatedtoHeaven,theTempleofHeavenservedasanexclusivealtarforChinesemonarchsduringtheMingandQingdynasties.ItwasdecreedthatrulersofsuccessivedynastieswouldplacealtarsintheirowncapitalstoworshipHeavenandprayforgoodharvest.Butwhy?TheancientChinesebelievedthatHeavenwasthesupremeruleroftheuniverseandthefateofmankind,andthusworshipingritesdedicatedtoHeavencameintobeing.TheHeaventheancientChine