(全)英语倒装句

Module3GrammarInversionandEmphaticSentence•主语。。。谓语。。。======自然语序•IcanspeakEnglishnow.•谓语。。。主语。。。======倒装语序•Heopenedtheboxandoutflewabird.•一、倒装句之全部倒装.•全部倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。常见的结构有：•1.副词开头放句首•2.地点介词短语放句首•3.表语前置置句首•4.直接引语放句首•1)here,there,now,then,next,thus,away,off,down,up,in,out,等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run。•Theboycamein.•=In________________.(theboy做主语)•=In________________.(he做主语)•Thegirlwentaway.•=Away________________.•=Away________________.cametheboyhecamewentthegirlshewent2)地点介词短语做状语位于句首时Asmallboysatinfrontofthehouse.=Infrontofthehouse_______________.Abrowncatsleepsunderthetable.=Under________________________.satasmallboythetablesleepsabrowncat3)表语置于句首时，保持句子平衡，以示强调表语，或上下文衔接。常见结构：Adj.+Done+Doing+Prep.+Pron.+Linkverb+主语出席会议的有怀特教授。（Present…）PresentatthemeetingwasProfessorWhite.拴在树上的是一只狗。（Tied…）Tiedtothetreewasadog.在墙上挂着的是一幅绝美的油画。(Hanging)Hangingonthewallisasplendidpainting.诊所外面有20个病人。(Outsidetheclinic)Outsidetheclinicwere20patients.这些就是她说得话。(Such)Suchwereherwords.•二、倒装句之部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。1)表否定的词或词组，如no,not,never,seldom,little,atnotime,innoway,notuntil…,hardly…when…,nosooner…than…,notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…等。NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.•我一出去天就开始下雨了。•Nosooner_____________than______________.hadIgoneoutitbegantorain.妈妈直到九点才离开。Themotherdidn’tleaveuntil9o’clock.Notuntil9o’clockdidthemotherleave.Itwasnotuntil9o’clockthatthemotherleft.妈妈直到孩子睡着了以后才走。Themotherdidn’tleaveuntilthechildslept.Notuntil__________________________________________.Itwas__________________________that______________________notuntilthechildfellasleepthemotherlefttheroom.thechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.Notonly…butalso…连接并列分句时，前倒后不倒。NotonlydoeshelikeEnglishbutIalsolikeEnglish.（like）但连接并列主语时，不倒装。NotonlyhebutalsoIlikeEnglish.Neither…nor…连接并列分句时，前后都倒装。NeitherdoeshelikeEnglish,nordoI(likeEnglish).连接并列主语时，不倒装。NeitherhenorIlikeEnglish.2)Only+“adv./prep./状从”位于句首OnlythendidIknowtheimportanceoflearning.只有通过这种方式我们才能学好英语。OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.他只能完成作业才看电视。OnlyafterhefinishedtheworkdidhewatchTV.注意：“only+主语”位于句首不到装。OnlysocialismcansaveChina.3)So/Such…that…结构中位于句首。Heissobusythathehasnotimeforcomputergames.Sobusyishethat…Heissuchabusymanthathecan’thelpusnow.Suchabusymanishethat…4)由as/though引导的让步状语从句.其结构如下：•Adv.+•Adj.+•n(单数).++as/though•v(原型).+•done.+尽管我努力工作，我的老板一直对我不满意。(Hard)HardasIworked,mybosswasn’tsatisfiedwithmeallthetime.尽管她很漂亮，但她很笨。(Pretty)Prettyassheis,sheisn’tcleveratall.虽然他还是个孩子，但不得不自力更生。(Child)Childasheis,hehastoliveonhisown.尽管他可能会尝试，但他不会成功。(Try)Tryashemay,hewillneversucceed.尽管我们被敌人所包围，但我们成功逃过阻截，继续前进.Surroundedaswewerebytheenemy,wemanagedtomarchforward.5)在含有were/should/had的if虚拟条件句中，省略if，并将were/should/had移到主语前。IfIwereyou,Iwouldhelphim.WereIyou,…Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Hadyoucomeearlier,…Ifitshouldrain,thesportsmeetwouldbeputoff.Shoulditrain,…---Sheisateacher！---Soishermother.(她妈妈也是)---Sosheis.(她确实是老师)6)So或Neither/Nor位于句首。---HehasbeentoBeijing.---SohaveI.=Me,too.=IhavealsobeentoBeijing.=IhavebeentoBeijing,too/aswell.Hehasn’tbeentoBeijing.=Neither/NorhaveI.(我也没去过)=Ihaven’tbeentoBeijing,either.(我也没去过)7)在表示祝愿的祈使句中Mayyousucceed！LongliveChairmanMao.***Heisn’ttallbuthelikesplayingbasketball.Soitis(thesame)withhisbrother.他哥哥也一样。基本句型I：Itis/was+被强调成分+that/who+其余成分1）动词时态及数应保持一致。是我正在给你上课！ItisIwhoamgivingyoualesson.刚才是他在教室外面站着。Itwashewhowasstandingoutsidetheclassroomjustnow.EmphaticSentence2）强调间接宾语时，不能丢掉相应的介词。ItwasmysisterwhoIboughtabookfor.ItwasformysisterthatIboughtabook.3)强调特殊疑问句中的疑问词时，疑问词放在句首，使用疑问语序。究竟是谁将参观我们班？Whoisitthatwillvisitourclass？4)与从句区别。判断以下从句属于何种语法项目。a.ItwasintheplacethatLuXunwasborn.强调句b.ItisintheplacewhereLuXunwasbon.定从c.Itwas1949whenWorldWarⅡended.时间状从d.Itwasin1949thatWorldWarⅡended.强调句e.Itwasnotuntil1949thatWWⅡended.强调句5)若强调谓语动词，则用“do,does,did+do”译为“千万”“一定”“务必”，只能用于肯定句和祈使句中.Dobepatient!Dofollowmyadvice!HedoeswanttolearnEnglishwell.Hesaidhewouldcomeandhedidcome.其他注意事项•强调句可以用来强调除谓语之外的任何成分。•强调句中的It决不会因为被强调的成分是复数而改变。•强调句中只用Itis…和Itwas…两种形式，如果原句中谓语动词属过去时范畴（一般过去时，过去完成时和过去进行时），就用Itwas…，其余时态均用Itis…•强调句中的连接词一般只用that（被强调部分是人时也可以用who,whom），是不用when和where的。•强调句中的that,who,whom是不能省略的。