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实用英汉翻译技巧选讲UnitOneI.试译下列句子,比较翻译中的感觉和译文的效果:1.Hewantsalawyerwhounderstandshiscase,whosympathizeswithhimandwhohasbeentherehimself.2.World-famousforhisworkshewasneverpersonallywellknown,forthroughouthislifeheavoidedpublicity.3.Whileyouareintheactofsummoningyourenergies,focusonaplan.Don\'texhaustyourselfwithfruitlessexcursionsintoanyandallpossibilities.4.Abookmaybecomparedtoyourneighbor:ifitisgood,itcannotlasttoolong;ifbadyoucannotgetridofittooearly.5.Insteadofhonoringthissacredobligation,AmericahasgiventheNegropeopleabadcheck--acheckwhichhascomebackmarked"insufficientfunds".6.Afriendissomeonewhodrawsoutyourownbestqualities,withwhomyousparkleandbecomemoreofwhateverthefriendshipdrawsupon.II.参考译文:1.他要找一位了解他的案情,同情他的处境,并有过亲身经历的人当他的律师。2.他的著作举世闻名,而他个人却一直默默无闻,因为他一生始终避免抛头露面。3.在集中精力的过程中,要集中于一种打算;不要同时涉足各种可能的情况而搞得精疲力竭一事无成。4.书可以比作邻居:如果是好的,相处愈久愈好;如果是坏的,分手愈早愈好。5.美国没有履行这种神圣的义务,相反,只是给黑人开了一张空头支票,上面盖了“资金不足”的戳后被退了回来。6.朋友是能使你表现出自己最佳品质的人,和他在一起你就会精神焕发,并且变得更具有友谊所要求的种种内涵。III、有哪些常用的翻译技巧(一)?【例1】Weshouldhelpinwayswhicharemutuallybeneficialtobothdevelopinganddevelopedcountries.×我们应以对发展中国家和发达国家双方都有利的方法援助。【译文】我们的援助方法应对发展中国家和发达国家双方都有利。一、词性转译法:(一)转译成动词:【例2】ForWesternersinChina,theestablishmentofaneffectiveteamofmanagersmeansattracting--andretainingbothexpatriateandlocalmanagementtalent.【译文】对于在中国的西方人来说,建立一支有效的管理人员队伍意味着要同时吸引并留住来自海外的管理人才和本地的管理人才。1、名词转译成动词:【例3】Theremembranceofthesewilladdzesttohislife.×对于这些事情的回想将会增添他生活的乐趣。【译文】回想起这些事情,使他的生活增添了乐趣。【例4】HelookedontheConventionasafairandfaithfulrepresentationofthepeople.×他认为这次大会是人民的公正忠实的代表。【译文】他认为这次大会公正忠实地代表了人民。【例5】Othergovernmentalactivitiesaretheresponsibilitiesoftheindividualstates,whichhavetheirownconstitutionsandlaws.×其他政府活动则是各个州的责任,各州都有自己的宪法和法律。【译文】其他政府职能则由各个州来承担,各州都有自己的宪法和法律。【例6】Thesightandsoundofourjetplanesfilledmewithspeciallonging.【译文】看到我们的喷气式飞机,听到隆隆的机声,我感到特别神往。【例7】Tomyknowledge,somecomputershavegonemissing.【译文】据我所知,有几台计算机失踪了。【例8】Hewasagoodlistenerandtheywouldliketotalkwithhim.×他是个好听众,所以他们喜欢同他谈话。【译文】他善于听取别人意见,所以他们喜欢同他谈心。2、介词、副词转译成动词:【例9】Witharifleacrosshisshouldertheboywasplayingthesoldier.【译文】那男孩肩上扛着枪在装士兵。【例10】Theyworkedlonghoursonmeagerfood,incoldcaves,bydimlamps.【译文】他们吃的是简陋的饭菜,住的是寒冷的窑洞,在昏暗的灯光下长时间地工作。【例11】Thestreetrunswestward,acrossagreatbridge,downahillandupagain,bylittleshopsandmeat-markets,pastsingle-storiedhomes,untilsuddenlyitstopsagainstawidegreenlawn.【译文】这条大街向西而去,跨过一座大桥,延伸下坡后又上坡,经过了几家店铺和肉市,又越过了几幢平房,最后在一片开阔的绿草坪前突然到了尽头。【例12】Trainingasasalespersonwouldguaranteehersomeemploymentonceherschoolingwasthrough.【译文】参加推销员培训就会确保他在学业完成以后能找到工作做。3、形容词转译成动词:【例13】Hemusthavebeenawarethathisparents\'marriagewasbreakingup.【译文】他一定已经知道父母的婚姻关系正在破裂。【例14】Ourcomputerizedstockcontrolsystemisnowoperative.【译文】本公司的库存管理计算机系统现已运行。【例15】Hisindulgentmotherwaswillingtolethimdoanythinghewanted.【译文】他母亲很宠他,他不管想干什么她都愿意让他干。IV、课堂练习(运用各种翻译技巧,将下列句子译成流畅通顺的汉语):1.Hewhoissubjecttotemptationstendstoerr.2.ItisthefirsttimethatthebiggerhydraulicmotorshavebeenusedinaUKapplication.3.Talkingwithhisson,theoldmanwastheforgiveroftheyoungman\'spastwrongdoings.4.Intheeventofanyconflictbetweenthisparagraphandtheproductionacceptancetestschedule,thelattershallprevail,5.Hehadneverbeenamedicalstudent,yethewasgivenoneofthoserarehonorarydegreesofDoctorofScience.6.Therewerenosoundsbutthatofthetreadofthemenandthefootstepsofthetwoshaggyponieswhichdrewthevan.7.Hestudiedlawinhissparetimeandbecamealawyer.Hewasagoodspeakerandstudentofpoliticalphilosophy.Hisabilityfinallymadeanameforhim.8.TheinteresttheUnitedNationshasalwaysshowninthisproblem,whichhasbeenadistinguishingfeatureofitsworksinceitsinception,hasincreasedasthenewlyindependentcountriesjoineditsranks.V、课堂练习参考译文:1.不能抗拒诱惑的人往往要犯错误。2.这种大功率液压马达在英国的应用尚属首次。3.老人在同儿子谈话时宽恕了年轻人过去的种种劣迹。4.如本节所述内容与生产验收试验规范相冲突,则以试验规范为准。5.他从来没有上过医学院,但他却获得了理学博士这样难得的荣誉学位。6.此时只听见沙沙的脚步声和两匹鬃毛蓬松的拉车小马得得的马蹄声,除此之外,万籁俱寂。7.他利用业余时间攻读法律,后来当了律师。他口才很好,还精通政治哲学。他的才能最终使他出了名。8.联合国对这一问题始终非常关心,这是它成立以来工作中的一个显著特点。随着一些新独立国家加入联合国的队伍,这种关心更增强了。VI、课外练习(将以下短文译成汉语,注意运用各种翻译技巧使译文流畅通顺):Therelationshipmanyofushavewithnatureischaracterizedbyourattitudetowardinsects."Ugh!Yuk!There\'sabug.Squashit!"Itseemsthatladybugsandbutterfliesaretheonlyinsectsthatescapetheall-bugs-are-beastlyattitude.Hostilityandfearareuniversallytheproductsofignorance,andourantagonismisnoexception.Onecannotdenythatinsectsareanuisancewhentheirbitesbecomesore,andathreatwhentheytransmitdisease,but,vieweddispassionately,evennoxiousinsectsarebeautiful.Fromhavingstudiedtheirfossilizedremains,weknowthatinsectshaveinhabitedtheearthfornearly400millionyears.Todaywefindthemabundantlyeverywherewelook.Insectshavebeendiscoveredonthesnowofthepolarcapsandthepeaksofhighmountains.UnitTwoI、课外练习参考译文:我们很多人与自然的关系表现于我们对昆虫的态度。“哎呀!有只虫子,快踩死它!”看来,只有瓢虫和蝴蝶才得以幸免于这种讨厌所有虫子的态度。一切仇视和惧怕都是由于无知,我们对昆虫的敌视态度也不例外。不可否认,昆虫叮咬引起疼痛让人不好受,而且昆虫还会传播疾病;但是,如果冷静地看一看,即使害虫也非常美丽。我们从昆虫遗骸化石的研究中获知,昆虫在地球上已生存了将近4亿年。今天我们无论在哪里都能看到大量昆虫。在极地的雪原和高山的顶峰都发现过昆虫。II、有哪些常用的翻译技巧(二)?(二)转译成名词:1、名词派生的动词【例16】InGreekmythology,loveispersonifiedbythegoddessAphrodite.【译文】在希腊神话中,阿佛洛狄特女神是爱的化身。【例17】Brightcoloursandboldstrokescharacterizehisearly
本文标题:英汉翻译技巧
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