高考虚拟语气--If 条件从句中的虚拟语气

If条件从句的虚拟语气•真实条件句：如果假设的情况很可能发生，就用真实条件句。1.Ifhehastime,hewillcome.如果他有时间，他会来。2.Ifyouhaven'tfinishedyourhomework,youcanhandittomorrow.如果你还未完成你的家庭作业，你可以明天再交。If条件从句的虚拟语气•虚拟条件句：如果假设的情况发生的可能性不大，则用虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句分三种：•第一种：If条件从句条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式与现在事实相反If+主语+动词过去式（Be全部用were）would/should/might/could+动词原形例句：•1.IfIhadlotsofmoney,Iwouldgotravelling.•2.Ifhewereherenow,wewouldhavethemeeting.例题：•1.Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI_____time,Iwouldhelpyoudothehousework.A.havehadB.hadhadC.haveD.hadD•2.IfIhadenoughmoney,I_____anewcar.A.wouldbuyB.wouldhaveboughtC.buyD.boughtA•3.IfI___you,Iwouldgotobedearly.A.wasB.wereC.amD.beB•4.IfI_____(be)her,I________(take)theadvice.werewouldtake•4.IfI_____(have)achancetotryit,I________(do)itbymyself.hadwoulddoIf条件从句的虚拟语气•虚拟条件句：如果假设的情况发生的可能性不大，则用虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句分三种：•第二种：If条件从句条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式与将来事实相反If+主语+动词过去式（Be全部用were）would/should/might/could+动词原形If+主语+should+动词原形If+主语+wereto+动词原形•1.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,themeetingwouldbeputoff.例句：•2.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?例题：•1.Billdoesn'twanttomovetoNewYorkbecausehethinksifhe_____there,hewouldn'tseehisparentsveryoften.A.livesB.wouldliveC.haslivedD.weretoliveD例题：D•2.Ifit______tomorrow,whatwouldwedo?A.rainsB.weretorainC.wouldrainD.rainB•3.Thefineweatherwilllastforafewdays,butwhatifit_______tomorrow?A.shouldsnowB.wouldsnowC.snowD.willsnowA•4.Ifit___________(snow)tomorrow,I__________(stay)athome.weretosnowwouldstayIf条件从句的虚拟语气•虚拟条件句：如果假设的情况发生的可能性不大，则用虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句分三种：•第三种：If条件从句条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式与过去事实相反If+主语+had+过去分词would/should/might/could+have+过去分词例句：•1.Ifhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldhavewonthegame.•2.Iftheweatherhadbeenfineyesterday,wewouldhavegonetohaveapicnic.•3.Ifhehadknownthefacts,hecouldhavetolduswhattodo.•1.IfI____wherehelived,I____anotetohim.例题：BA.knew,wouldB.hadknown,wouldhavesentC.know,wouldsendD.knew,wouldhavesent•2.Youdidn'ttakehisadvice.______hisadvice,you______suchamistake.A.Hadyoutaken,wouldn'thavemadeB.Ifyouhadtaken，wouldmakeC.Wereyoutotake，shouldn'thavemadeD.Haveyoutaken，won'thavemadeA•3.Thatisagoodbook.You_____ityesterday.•例题：CA.couldbuyB.shouldbuyC.shouldhaveboughtD.bought•4.Ididn'tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_________,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcomeD•5.——Ifhe_____，he______thatfood.•----Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned，wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned，wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned，hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned，hadnottaken•有关虚拟条件句的几种情况：（1）.条件从句中的谓语部分有were,should和had时，if有时可以省略，这时从句要用倒装语序。If条件从句的虚拟语气例句：1.WereIyou,Iwouldgowiththem.注意：ifweren'tfor.../ifithadn'tbeenfor...相当于butfor...意为“多亏了...要不是...”这两个句型倒装时not总是在it之后，即wereitnotfor.../haditnotbeenfor...2.ShouldIhavetime,Iwouldhelpher.3.Haditnotbeenforhishelp,Iwouldn'thavesucceed.•1.Hadtheyknownwhatwascomingnext,they______secondthoughts.练习：DA.mayhaveB.couldhaveC.musthavehadD.mighthavehad•2.WereItodoit，I______itsomeotherway.A.willdoB.woulddoC.wouldhavedoneD.weretodoB•3.______it______foryourhelp，Icouldn'thavemadeanyprogress．A．Had；notbeenC．Did；notbeenB．Should；notbeenD．Not；beA•1.Ididn'tknowhistelephonenumber.____it，I____then.练习：DA.HadIknown，wouldringhimupB.ShouldIknow，wouldhaverunghimupC.IfIknew；wouldringhimupD.HadIknown；wouldhaverunghimup•2.WereItodoit，I______itsomeotherway.A.willdoB.woulddoC.wouldhavedoneD.weretodoB•有关虚拟条件句的几种情况：（2）.有些条件从句中的主句谓语和从句谓语表示的动作在时间上并不一致，这类句子称为错综时间条件句If条件从句的虚拟语气例句：1.Ifyou'dlistenedtome,youwouldn'tbeinsuchtroublenow.（过去→现在）4.Ifsheshouldarrivetoday,shemusthavestartedthreedaysago.（将来→过去）2.IfIwereyou,Iwouldn'thavemissedthemovielastnight.（现在→过去）3.Iftheyhadlefthomeearly,theywouldarriveinhalfanhour.（过去→将来）•1.Ifthey____earlierthanexpected，they____herenow.练习：AA.hadstarted,wouldbeB.started，mightbeC.hadstarted.wouldhavebeenD.willstart,mighthavebeen•2.Ifyou_____thatlatemovielastnight,youwouldnotbesosleepynow.A.haven'twatchedB.didn'twatchC.wouldn'thavewatchedD.hadn'twatchedD•有关虚拟条件句的几种情况：（3）.有时虚拟语气的条件是通过词或短语表现出来If条件从句的虚拟语气例句：1.Therewouldn'tbesuchmodernindustrywithoutelectricity.（=ifthereweren'telectricity）4.Givenmoretime（Ifweweregivenmoretime）,wewoulddoitbetter.2.Heisill.Otherwise（Ifheweren'till）hecouldcome.3.Agentleman（Ifhehadbeenagentlemanhe）wouldn'thavesaidso.without（没有）,otherwise（否则）,butfor（要不是）5.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.•1.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe_____moreplacesofinterestyesterday.练习：DA.visitedB.hadvisitedC.wouldvisitD.wouldhavevisited•2.Withoutyourhelp，we________somuch.A.won'tachieveB.didn'tachieveC.don'tachieveD.wouldn'thaveachievedD•3.Withoutelectricity，humanlife________quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe．D•1.Ididn'tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwiseI______him.练习：CA.hadtelephonedB.wouldtelephoneC.wouldhavetelephonedD.telephone•2.Withoutair,there_____nolivingthings.A.willbeB.canbeC.wouldbeD.shallbeC•3.Butforwater，it______possibletoliveinthedesert．A．isB．wasC．wereD．wouldn'tbeD•有关虚拟条件句的几种情况：（4）.有些句子虽不含条件从句，但仍用虚拟语气，这种句子称为含蓄条件句。If条件从句的虚拟语气例句：1.Iwoulddoanythingforher.我愿意为她做任何事情2.Youmighthavefailed.你也许会失败3.Wecouldhavewonthegame.我们本来可以赢得那场游戏•有关虚拟条件句的几种情况：（5）.Ifonly…(要是…就好了)(等同于wish从句用法)。If条件从句的虚