if虚拟条件句 公开课

subjunctivemoodGrammar--梁志玲1.英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。2.定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。它通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。一、虚拟语气定义Q:What’sthedifferencebetweenthetwosentences?IfIamfree,Iwillvisityou.IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyintothesky.（虚拟条件句）(真实条件句）a.if真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。b.if虚拟条件句表示对事实的相反的假设，或是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery（彩票）?►IfIwonthelottery,Iwould…DiscussionIfIwonthelottery,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.1.与现在事实相反IfIweretheschoolmaster,Iwouldletthestudentsgetupalittlelater.schoolmaster总结if虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设did（be动词用were)would(should/might/could)＋动原Ifhehaddrivenmorecarefully,hewouldnothavehadthecaraccidentyesterday.2.与过去事实相反Ifhehadgotupearly,hewouldnothavebeenlateforschool.如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。if虚拟条件句主句与过去事实相反的假设had+donewould(should/might/could)＋havedone总结☆IfImetObamasomeday,Iwouldshakehandswithhim.☆IfIweretomeetObamasomeday,…☆IfIshouldmeetObamasomeday,…3.与将来事实相反if虚拟条件句主句与将来事实相反的假设1、did(be用were)2、weretodo3、shoulddowould(should/might/could)＋动原总结一般条件句中的虚拟语气时间If条件句主句过去现在将来if条件句中的虚拟语气时间If条件句主句过去haddonewouldshould+havedonesthcouldmight现在did（be用were）wouldshould+dosthcouldmight将来did（be用were）shoulddoweretodowouldshould+dosthcouldMight一、语法填空：1.IfI________(not,see)itwithmyowneyes,Iwouldn'thavebelievedit.(2015.北京卷）2.Whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek?Ifyou______(tell)me,Icouldhavehelped.(2016.北京卷）3.IfIhadtimethisevening,I______(go)toyourbirthdayparty.4.Ifitshouldrain,thecrops_________(save).hadn'tseenhadtoldwouldgowouldbesaved二、单句改错：1.Ifyouareme,wouldyoutalktothem?(2015.四川卷）2.Iknownothingaboutthefilm.IfIknewaboutit,Iwilltellyou.3.Ifsheworkedhardenough,shewouldhavepassedtheEnglishexam.werewouldhad三、书面表达（2013.广东卷）对现在的虚拟1.假如我们的城市中没有清洁工，我们会生活在一个很糟糕的环境中。2.假如我们的城市中没有清洁工，我们会被垃圾淹没。3.假如我们的城市中没有清洁工，疾病会迅速传播。1.Iftherewerenocleanersinthecity,wewouldliveinabadenvironment.2.Iftherewerenocleanersinthecity,wewouldbedrownedintherubbish.3.Iftherewerenocleanersinthecity,diseaseswouldspreadquickly.Translation二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气1.Iwish+宾语从句现在：过去：将来：过去时(be用were)过去完成时(haddone)would/coulddo•IwishIwereabird.(现在)•IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake.(过去)•Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.(将来)IwishI_________(fly)likeabirdsomeday.couldflyIwisheveryday______(be)mybirthday.wereIwishI____________(noteat)somuchwatermelon.hadn’teaten2.Iwouldrather现在：将来：过去：•Iwouldratheryou______(pay)menow.(现在)•Iwouldratheryou_______(go)thereyesterday.(过去)•Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryou_____(come)tomorrow.(未来)过去时过去完成时过去时paidhadgonecame三、常见动词：一个坚持：insist两个命令：order,command三条建议：advise,suggest,propose四项要求：demand,require,request,ask这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。1.我们建议Tom去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。3.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。1.WesuggestedthatTomarest.2.HeinsistedthatIpresent.3.Theyrequestedthatwethemshouldhave(should)beshouldsendtoworkthere.当suggest表示“暗示,表明”;insist表示“坚持认为”时;不用虚拟语气！HisaccentsuggeststhathecomesfromHunan.Iinsistthathewaswrong.3).It’s（high）time+that-should+V.过去时你该走了。我们该睡觉了。It’shightimethatyou.It’shightimethatyou.It’stimethatwe.It’stimethatwetobed.wentshouldgowenttobedshouldgo4）It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/apity+that---从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形1.Itisimportantthatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.2.Itisstrangethatsheshouldrefusetocometotheparty.3.It’snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard.5）asif/though+从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时•Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.•Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.6）Ifonly要是...就好了=Iwish★IfonlyIknewhisnamenow!★Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvicelasttime!★IfonlyIcouldseehimagainnextyear!现在：过去：将来:一般过去时（be用were）haddonewould/could+动词原形ifonly7)It’ssuggested(ordered,demanded,proposed,commanded,requested,desired,insisted,required)that…后面的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气，也以(should)+v原.的形式出现。It’sorderedthatteachers(should)teachEnglishatschools.It’srequestedthatallthestudents(should)wearschooluniformsatschool.★以上这些动词的名词形式后面的表语从句和同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，也应以(should)+v原.的形式出现。Mysuggestionisthatyou(should)gohomefirstbeforecominghere.Myadviceisthatyou(should)practisespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible.注意:当suggest表示“暗示”;insist表示“坚持认为”时;不用虚拟语气！HisaccentsuggeststhathecomesfromHunan.Iinsistthathewaswrong.1Hesuggestedthatthemeetingputoff.A.isB.wasC.wouldbeD.shouldbe2Itisstrangethatheso.A.thinksB.thinkC.thoughtD.willthink3IwishImyuncleyesterday.A.metB.havemetC.wouldmeetD.hadmet4Theoldprofessorgaveordersthattheexperimentbefore6.A.wasfinishedB.willfinishC.shouldbefinishedD.shallbefinished5It’shightimethathehome.A.goesB.wentC.willgoD.isgoingtogo6IfonlyI____tomyparents’advice!A.listeningB.listenC.amlisteningD.hadlistened7.Iftheparents______atthehospitalearlieraftertheaccident,thechildwouldhavebeensaved.A.arrivesB.arriveC.hadarrivedD.hasarrived