英语语法讲解-状语从句素材

状语从句状语从句的知识储备时间状语从句的五种类型状语从句的考点与历年真题状语从句的类别八种时态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时陈述句中没有助动词的一般现在时主+be+…主+v(复)/vs(单)一般过去时主+was/were/+…主+过去式+…陈述句中有助动词的一般将来时主+will(1)+v原(2)主+begoingto(1)+v原(2)过去将来时主+would(1)+v原(2)主+was/weregoingto(1)+v原(2)现在进行时主+be(1)+ving(2)过去进行时主+was/were(1)+ving(2)现在完成时主+has/have(1)+过去分词(2)过去完成时主+had(1)+过去分词(2)时间状语从句是关键其他状语从句重点记忆连接词表示时间、地点、原因、目的…Wesleepatnightathome.必须符合“从句的三个必须”必须是句子；必须有连接词；必须是陈述句请参考本网站“简单句结构---主谓宾”、“从句基础篇—从句的三个必须”视频用一个句子充当状语成分，那个句子就是状语从句。定义•状语从句•状语从句同副词，介词词组等作状语一样，用于修饰谓语，说明谓语动作的时间，地点，方式，手段，条件，程度，比较，原因，目的，结果等1.Igetupat6:002.Itisdark3.Igetupwhenitisdark状语从句分类1.表示时间2.表示地点3.表示原因4.表示结果5.表示目的6.表示条件7.表示让步8.表示比较表示时间一、时间状语从句•When,as,while,•before,after,•till,Until,•assoonas,•Themoment,theminute,thefirsttime….（名词性短语）•E.G.1.When/Ashewaseatinghisbreakfast,heheardthedoorbellring.2.WhileIwasreading,hewasplaying.3.Themotherdidn'tgotobeduntilherlittledaughterreturnedhomelastnight.昨晚母亲等到她的小女儿回家才睡觉。表示地点二、地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的主要有:where,wherever及-where构成的复合词。EG:1.Weshallgowherepeoplearekind.2.Juststaywhereyouare.3.Wereceivedawarmwelcomeeverywherewearrived.我们每到一个地方都受到了热烈的欢迎。表示原因三、原因状语从句最常用的连词是:•because，•since，•as，•now（that）等because,as,since,for•语气位置意义because最强前或后“原因”；表客观因果关系；回答“”as较强前“由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由since较弱前“既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由for最弱后“理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由注：上面所说的“前”，指从句在主句之前；“后”，指从句在主句之后。EG:•Heisabsenttodaybecausehewasill.•Asitissnowing，weshallnotgoout.•Youcouldn’tseehim,forhewasn’tthere.（不句首）4.Sinceyouareill,Iwillgoalone.表示结果•四、结果状语从句可以由•sothat，•so...that，•such...thatsothat,so…that,such…that•sothat“以便”、“结果”表目的和结果。注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的。无情态动词表结果。so…that“如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于：1.so+形／副＋that2.so+形＋a(an)＋单数名词＋that3.so＋many/much＋复数名词（不可数名词）+that•such…that“如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于：1.such＋a(an)＋形＋名词＋that2.such＋形＋复数名词／不可数名词＋thatE.G.1.Hewassoangrythathelefttheroomwithoutaword.他很生气,一句话不说就离开了房间。2.Itissuchaheavyboxthatnobodycanmoveit.3.Theboxissoheavythatnobodycanmoveit.4.Theboxissoheavyasnobodycanmove.5.Ididn’tgoearly,sothatIdidn’tgetaseat.表示目的四、目的状语从句主要的引导词有:•sothat，•inorderthat，•目的状语从句常常含有情态动词。•E.G.•Theyarehurryingsothat/inorderthattheymaynotmissthetrain.他们为了赶上火车而匆匆忙忙。•Heworkshardinorderthat/sothathecanservehiscountrywell.表示条件•五、条件状语从句最常用的引导词有:•if，ifonly（if的强调式）,•unless(=ifnot)，•aslongas，solongas•E.G.1.AslongasIlive,Ishallworkhard.2.Youcan’tlearnitwellunlessyouworkhard.3.Ifyouwanttoknow,Icantellyou.表示让步•六、让步状语从句主要的引导词有:•though，although，as•evenif，eventhough•however,Whatever,whenever等though,although,as,•though,although在句首表“尽管”两者都可以用。但句后不能再用but。下列情况只能用though：▲asthough(=asif);evenif(=eventhough)▲在句末表示“然而”as表示“尽管”，从句的表语、状语等成分要倒装。whatever,however,wherever,whenever•它们是what,how,where,when的强势语气。分别等于：nomatterwhat,nomatterhownomatterwhere,nomatterwhenE.G.•Iwon’tmindevenif(though)hedoesn’tcome.•Thoughitwascold,shewentoutwithoutanovercoat.•Youngas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.•Whetheritshinesorrains,Iwillgo.•Nomatterwho/whoevercomeshere,Iwillnotlethimin.•youcantakewhateveryoulike.表示比较八、比较状语从句主要由•than，•as...as,•themore…themore•这类从句常常有一些成分没有表示出来:E.G.•Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouare.•JohnislesscleverthanTom.•Heisnotso/ascleverashisbrother.前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型，每种句型分别对应独特的句式WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOarrived?WhatareyoudoingwhentheUFOarrives?Iwouldleaveifhecame.Iwillleaveifhecomes.ThetrainhadbeenawaywhenIarrived.过去配过去过去配过去现在配现在现在配现在前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型，每种句型分别对应独特的句式过去类：….过去进行when一般过去现在类：…现在进行…when一般现在过去类：过去将来when一般过去现在类：一般将来when一般现在过去完成when一般过去练习—翻译•1当小明做作业时，他的妈妈在做饭.•Xiaoming’smomwascookingwhenhedidhishomework.•2那天，当小明做作业时，他的妈妈在做饭•Thatday,Xiaoming’smomwascookingwhenhedidhishomework.•3他一来我就走(assoonas)•Iwillleaveassoonashecomes.•4那天，他一来我就走(assoonas)•Thatday,Iwouldleaveassoonashecame.•5当他出门时，雨已经下了两个小时了.•Ithadbeenrainyfor2hourswhenhewentout.1．______theyhadworkedforalongtime,everyonelookedtired.A．WhileB．AfterC．UnlessD．For2．Hehasbeenateacher______hecametothecountry.A．sinceB．untilC．asD．when3．Hehashadtocookbyhimself______hismotherwentonbusinesstoBeijing.A．duringB．sinceC．afterD．when4．Itistenyears______Isawyoulasttime.A．sinceB．whenC．thatD．if5HealwaysthinksI'mwrong,______Imaysay.A．nomatterwhateverB．whateverC．whatD．that6．______,Motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.A．HoweverlateisheB．HoweverheislateC．HoweverishelateD．Howeverlateheis7．Youshouldrunthemachine______theworkershasshownyou.A．asB．andC．butD．so8．Youshallhavethebook______Ihavereadit.A．sothatB．thoughC．assoonasD．since9．Themanputonaovercoat______keephimselfwarm.A．thatB．sothattoC．inorderthatD．inorderto10．Hehaschangedsomuch______Icanhardlyrecognizehim.A．asB．sothatC．thatD．but11．Wounded______hewas,herefusedtocomebackfromthefront.A．asB．thoughC．althoughD．bothAandB12．We'llbothwaithere______yougetback.A．sothatB．thatC．untilD．for13．Somepeoplewanttogohunting,______otherswanttogofinishing.A．orB．becauseC．whileD．since14．Badhabits,______formed,aredifficulttogetridof.A．andB．onceC．orD．but15．Youmustgetupearlyinthemorning,______we'llhavetostartoutwithoutyou.A．andB．orC．butD．sothat16．Wouldyoupleasewait______Icomeback.A．ifB．whenC．becauseD．till17．Hecouldn'tcome______hewantedto