(好)过去分词做定语和表语1

Grammar过去分词做定语和表语一.现在分词1、基本形式形式主动语态被动语态一般式完成式doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone过去分词过去分词的形式：done现在分词和过去分词统称分词，在句中作的成分是一样的。可充当以下成分:定语表语宾补状语pleasedboreddisappointedsatisfiedscaredannoyed过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,表示被动和完成的动作。它在句子中可以充当定语、表语等成分。一、过去分词作定语1.前置定语单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之前,表示被动和完成意义。boiledwater开水apieceofbrokenglass一片碎玻璃fallenleavesinjuredworkers落叶受伤的工人2.后置定语过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词之后.◆ThenovelwrittenbyHanHanispopular.◆Someofthepeopleinvitedtothepartycan’tcome.1.语态上现在分词:表示主动的动作过去分词:表示被动的动作Heisthemanswimmingintheriverjustnow.HewasreadinganovelwrittenbyCharlesDickens.过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：2.时间上现在分词:表示正在进行过去分词:表示完成therisingsuntherisensunthefallingleavesthefallenleavesboilingwaterboiledwaterachangingworldachangedworldthedevelopingcountrythedeveloedcountryafallingtreeafallentreeboilingwaterboiledwaterfallingleavesfallenleavesaflyingbirdpreparedbreakfastasnow-coveredcity过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：过去分词表示被动或完成；现在分词表示主动或进行。总结：过去分词作表语时，一般置于be,get,become,look,feel等系动词后面，没有“完成”或“被动”之意，而是表示主语的状态、特点或思想感情等。相当于形容词。二、过去分词作表语1。过去分词作表语用，表示心情和感觉，相当于形容词，最常见的有；pleased,surprised,astonished，shocked，worried,excited,married,delighted,disappointed,interested,discouraged,tired,amused,astonished,satisfied,puzzled,upset,bored,frightened,scared，confused，frustrated，moved等。过去分词和V-ing形式作表语的区别:表特征---含有“令人……”之意表状态---含有“感到……”之意V-ing形式过去分词2.常用作表语的词或短语，表状态。bedressedinbedevotedtobedetermindedtodosthbelostinthoughtbewellknowntoallbeabsorbedinbefacedwithbetiredof/frombelocatedinbeconcernedabout过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别。分词作表语表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示被动的动作。Myglassesarebroken.我的眼镜碎了。Myglasseswerebrokenbymyson.我的眼镜被我儿子摔碎了。(状态)(动作)注意：过去分词作定语和表语的区别:定语放在名词和代词的前面或后面表示动作完成或被动表语放在be动词或系动词的后面说明主语的状态或特征Sumup1.A.Nobodywasinthestoryhetold.B.Thestoryhetoldwasvery.(interested,interesting)2.A.Everybodywastohearthenews.B.Thenewsisveryindeed.(excited,exciting)填入适当的分词interestedinterestingexcitedexciting3.A.Theresultofthetestwasrather.B.Hewasveryattheresultofthetest.(disappointed,disappointing)4.A.Whathesaidwasvery.B.Iwasveryatthesight.(amused,amusing)disappointingdisappointedamusingamusedDon’tusewords,expressions,orphrases_______onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.knownTheflowers_______sweetinthegardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmeltDidyougotothepartyonNewYear’sEve?A.heldB.tobeholdingC.tobeheldD.beingheldTheOlympicGames,in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplayingThe____lookinherfacesuggestedthatshe____itbefore.A.surprising,wouldn’tknowB.surprised,hadn’tknownC.surprising,hadn’tknownD.surprised,shouldn’tknow练习二句型转换1.Athiefstolethegoatthatwastiredtothetree.=Athiefstolethegoat______tothetree.tireddressedinred2.ThegirlwhoisdressedinredisKelly’slong-lostfriend.=Thegirl_________________isKelly’slong-lostfriend.