基本句型三 主谓宾

基本句型三Ｓ+Ｖ+O（主＋谓＋宾）共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词HeunderstandsEnglish.Hemadecakes.Theyatesomeapples.Dannylikeseggs.Iwanttohaveacupoftea.Shesaid“Goodmorning”•植物需要水。•Plantsneedwater.(名词作宾语）•我很了解他。•Iknowhimverywell.（代词作宾语）•吉姆不会给他自己穿衣服。•Jimcannotdresshimself.（反身代词）•他们想走。•Theywanttogo.（不定式作宾语）•他不写了。•Hestoppedwriting.（动名词作宾语）•你介意我开窗户吗？•Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?注意有些不及物动词后面加上介词就可把它看成一个及物动词，后面就可以加宾语了。•你必须听我说。•Youmustlistentome.•她嘲笑她。•Shelaughsather.•他向我道歉。•Heapologizestome.•儿子对父亲撒了谎。•Thesonliedtohisfather.•她看着我。•Shelooksatme.句子拓展•我写了一封信。•Iwrotealetter.•我昨晚写了一封信。•Iwrotealetterlastnight.•我昨晚在家写了一封信。•Iwrotealetterathomelastnight.•我昨晚在家给玛丽写了一封信。•IwrotealettertoMaryathomelastnight.•我昨晚在家给来自英国的玛丽写了一封信。•IwrotealettertoMarywhocomesfromEnglandathomelastnight.•我昨晚匆匆忙忙在家给玛丽写了一封信。•Iwrotealetterinahurryathomelastnight.•说实话，我昨晚在家写了一封信。•Tobehonest,Iwrotealetterathomelastnight.•他已经读过这本书。•Hehasreadthisbook.•这本书他已经读过好多次了。•Hehasreadthisbookmanytimes.•他把双城记这本书读过许多次了。•HehasreadthisbooknamedATaleofTwoCitiesmanytimes.宾语从句•idon’tknowifhecancometomorrow.•theyhaven’tdecidedwheretogonext.•Shefoundthatshewasinprisonthenextmorning.•Idon’tknowwhattodowiththisissue.•AllofusbelievethatJackisanhonestboy.•Hedidnotknowwhattosay.时态一般时完成时进行时现在一般现在时Iwork现在完成时Ihaveworked现在进行时Iamworking过去一般过去时Iworked过去完成时Ihadworked过去进行时Iwasworking将来一般将来时Iwillwork将来完成时Iwillhaveworked将来进行时Iwillbeworking一般现在时do/does•表：经常发生的动作，经常存在的状态。IlearnsEnglisheveryday.Heisalwayslikethat.•常和always,oftenusuallyeverydaysometimes等表时间的状语连用。Hesometimesgoestopark.Heoftendrinksmilk.1.表日常行为Heusuallygetsupatsix.2.习惯，能力Heneverwearsahatinwinter.3.客观存在Fireburns.Thesunrisesintheeast.一般过去时did•表：过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态Theygotmarriedlastyear.Hewenttoschoolyesterday.•常和aminuteago,yesterday,lastweek,in1900,duringthenight,inthosedays等表过去的状语连用。Theyhadababylastmonth.Ithappenedafterthreedays.Hewasthereaminuteago.•还可以与today,thisweek,thismonth,thisyear等时间状语连用，但必须指过去。Didyouseehimtoday?Hewentoutjustnow.(刚刚，刚才）一般将来时shall/willdo•表：将来的事实•常和tomorrow,nextweek,nextmonth,nextyear,inafewdays等表将来的时间状语连用。•Hewillcomenextweek.•Willweseeyouagainnextyear?•主将从现：主句用一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时。•Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwillstayathome.现在完成时have/hasdone•两个时间：过去，现在。do/doesdid•动作发生在过去，对现在有影响（结果）1.Thecarhasarrived.车子来了。（车子已在门口）2.Hehasbeenill.他刚生过病。（现在脸色还不好）•动作从过去发生，持续到现在Ihavelivedhereformorethanthirtyyears.ShehastaughtussinceIcametothisschool.过去完成时haddone•两个时间:过去，过去的过去•过去完成时的动作必须在过去某一时间以前完成，句子中必须出现过去某一时间。Hehasfinishedhishomework.Hehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforehecamein.didhaddonedo/does将来完成时will/shallhavedone•两个时间:现在，将来•表：在将来某一时间之前完成的动作，并往往对将来某一时间造成影响。常与表将来的时间状语连用。•Ishallhavefinishedmyhomeworkbytheendofthisweek.willdodo/does现在进行时bedoing•形式：am/is/aredoing•表：正在进行的动作，可与now,atpresent,atthismoment,thesedays等时间状语连用。SheisreadinganEnglishnovelnow.过去进行时•形式：was/weredoing•表：过去某一时间正在进行的动作。WhenIcalledhim,hewashavingdinner.将来进行时•形式：will/shallbedoing•表：将来某一时间正在进行的动作，常表已安排好的事情。•Thetrainwillbeleavinginasecond.•Itwillberaininglater.practice•用learn的正确形式填空。•SheEnglisheveryday.•TheyEnglisheveryday.•HeEnglishyesterday.•TheyEnglishyesterday.•HeEnglishtomorrow.•HeEnglishnow.•HeEnglishforthreemonths.•HeEnglishbeforehecamein.learnslearnslearnedlearnedwilllearnislearninghaslearnedhadlearned•HeEnglishwhenthelightswereoff.•HeEnglishbytheendofthismonth.•HeEnglishinafewseconds.waslearningwillhavelearnedwillbelearning