4--状语从句(基础版)

状语从句=副词从句。重点:连词(引导词)状语从句状语从句分类•状语从句可以分为：•1-时间状语从句、2-地点状语从句、3-原因状语从句、4-结果状语从句、5-条件状语从句,6-目的状语从句、7-让步状语从句,8-方式状语从句.1、时间状语从句•引导词：•when,whenever,while/whilst,as,before,after,since,once,till/until,when当……时候•入乡随俗．•WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.•山中无老虎，猴子称大王。•Whenthecat’saway,themicewillplay.•※hardly…when/nosooner…than•“刚……就……”,•时态（过去完成时----过去时）•【练】我刚回到厨房，电话铃声再次响起。•Ihadhardlygotbacktothekitchenwhenthetelephonerangagain.•Thedoorhadhardlyopenedwhenthecrowdrushedin.while/whilst“与……同时”•Whiletherestoftheworldwastryingtogetridofmosquitoes,Australiawasencouragingthisone.whenever•Wheneveryousay“Iloveyou”,meanit.Wheneveryousay“I’msorry”,lookthepersonrightintheeyes.•Wheneversomeoneasksyousomethingyoudon’twanttoanswer,smileandask,“Whydoyouwanttoknow?”•Smilewheneveryoupickupthephone,forthecallerwillbeabletonoticeit.as•==“when或while”。•Thefrequencyofriotsrisesdramaticallyastheweathergetswarmer.（剑3，T3，R）before•三思而后行•Thinktwicebeforeyouact.•Lookbeforeyouleap.•Don’tcountyourchickensbeforetheyarehatched.•蛋被孵化前不要数小鸡。（不要指望太早。）since“自从……以来”•时态（完成时态）•Sinceshemarriedme,wehadneverstoppedfighting.•【练】自从上小学以来我们就彼此认识了。（剑3,T4,S）•Wehaveknowneachothersincewewereinprimaryschool.Until•IamawayfromtheofficeuntilFriday2January,2010.TheUniversityisclosedfrom23December2009untilFriday2January2010.BecauseoftheChristmasholidayperiodwewillgetbacktoyouearlyinJanuary.•------------*----------------------*----------------------•09/12/2310/1/22、地点状语从句•引导词:•★：where,wherever(nomatterwhere),everywhere,anywhere等.where在/到……地方•Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.•有志者事竟成。wherever/nomatterwhere/everywhere/anywhere•这种新媒体很快风靡全世界，不管出现在哪里，都能吸引越来越多的观众。（媒体话题）•Thenewmediumquicklyfounditswayacrosstheworld,attractinglargerandlargeraudienceswhereveritwasshown.（剑4，G，TB,W）3、原因状语从句•引导词包括:•★:because,as,since,for,+that•Becauseof,dueto,owingto,asaresultof+n.⑴because/since/as/for•As/for----引导的主，从句，处于平等关系。•Because---引导的从句显得更重要，强调原因•Since---引导的从句显得次要，主句重要，说明将要做什么事情。Becauseof,dueto,owingto,+n.•填空：•Wehadanaccident___hewascareless.•Wehadanaccident___hiscarelessness.•Owingto_______wehadanaccident.•Hollywoodfilmsappealedbecausetheyhadbetterconstructednarratives,theirspecialeffectsweremoreimpressive,andthestarsystemaddedanewdimensiontoscreenacting.（剑4，G，TA，R）•好莱坞电影吸引人的原因在于故事构思更巧妙，特级更具感染力，明星阵容又给银屏表演增添了新的看点。4、结果状语从句•引导词包括:•★:so,thus,consequently,sothat,suchthat,so…that,such…that•So```+adj./adv.````that•Such````+n.````that•“如此····以至于···”•填空：•SensibleSam:Isawyoupushingyourbicycletoworkthisafternoon.•FoolishFred:Yes,Iwas___latethatIdidn’thavetimetogetonit.•Ageographyteacheroncetoldherclass,“Themoonis___largethatseveralmillionpeoplecouldlivethere.”Oneboystartedlaughing,“Itsuremustgetcrowdedwhenit’sacrescentmoon.•Diplomatsandcrabsarecreatureswhomovein___awaythatitisimpossibletotellwhethertheyarecomingorgoing.•小的时候，我常常睡觉时带着手电筒上床，这样我就可以偷看连环画册而不被父母发觉。•WhenIwasachild,IwouldtakeaflashlighttobedwithmesothatIcouldreadcomicbookswithoutmyparent’sknowingaboutit.5、条件状语从句•引导词包括：•★:if,unless,incase,if如果•不经历风雨怎么见彩虹．•Iftherewerenoclouds,wewouldnotenjoythesun.•Ifyouchasetworabbits,youwillcatchneitherone.•脚踏两条船，必定一场空．•【练】我认为，如果工作条件安全，工作时间合理，薪酬公平，参与有偿劳动是可以接受的。（剑3,T3,W）•Ibelieveengaginginpaidworkisacceptableiftheconditionsaresafe,thehoursarereasonableandthewagesarefair.•【扩展】•课本headings(P62)unless除非，如果不•=if…not•如果不付诸实践，一切梦想都毫无价值。•Alldreamsareofnovalueunlesstheyarefollowedbyaction.•-----Yahoo.•TheopinionsexpressedherearenotnecessarilytheopinionsofYahoo!Andweassumenoresponsibilityforsuchcontent````Pleasedonotpostanyprivateinformationunlessyouwantittobeavailablepubliclyandneverassumethatyouarecompletelyanonymousandcannotbeidentifiedbyyourcomments.•网友在本网站发表的任何评论并不代表雅虎的观点，因而我们对这些内容不承担任何责任。请不要发布任何个人信息，除非你希望把个人信息公布于众；也不要认为在网络上你是完全匿名隐身的，别人不会因为你的评论而发现你。6、目的状语从句•引导词包括：•★:for+n,inorderto+do,sothat,inorderthat,Sothat•【练】我喜欢在家吃饭，这样可以自由支配饭菜的原料。（剑4,T2,S)•IprefertoeatathomesothatIcancontrolwhatingredientsgointothefood.inorderthat•【练】他们认为应该让更多的妇女进入大学学习这些课程，以便于这些女性可以在这些领域中发展事业。（剑5，T1，W）•Theyarguethatitisnecessarytogetmorewomenontothesecoursesatuniversityinorderthattheymayproceedtodevelopcareersinthosefields.7、让步状语从句•引导词包括：•★:although/though,evenif/eventhough,while,whether,•【练】尽管他努力了，但他还是失败了。•Althoughhetriedhard,(yet/still)hefailed.•(although和but不能连用,但可以用yet,still）•Childashewas,hecanfigureitout.•【知识点】让步状语从句的倒装：•1.可将从句最后一个单词或短语前置。•2.前置时，引导词只能用as,though,不能用although.•【扩展】倒装while/whilst尽管,虽然•尽管人们的天生特质会有一定作用，但是我觉得很难相信它所带来的影响会大于每个人成千上万次的各种经历带来的影响。•Whilstitispossiblethatgeneshavesomeinfluence,Ifindithardtobelievethattheywouldcountformorethanallthethousandsofexperienceseachpersonhas.（剑5，T4，W）8、方式状语从句•该从句表示方式，作方式状语，引导词包括：•★:as,like,asif,asthough,•★★★:intheway,theway`as,like以…方式，像…一样•Worklikeyoudon’tneedthemoney.•Lovelikeyou’veneverbeenhurt.•Dancelikenobody’swatching.•Singlikenobody’slistening.•Livelikeit’sheavenonearth.•【练】就像每个国家内部存在个人竞争一样，国家之间也存在竞争。（剑3，T4，W)•Thereiscompetitionbetweennationsjustaswithineverynationthereiscompetitionbetweenindividuals.•【练】我利用电脑完全按照自己希望的那样写出专业报告。（剑3,T4,S）•IusethecomputertoproduceprofessionalreportsexactlythewayIwantthem.asif