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1例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答第二章1.用R-K方程和普遍化三参数压缩因子法计算1公斤甲烷在273K及400×105Pa下的体积。习题解答解:查教材295页附录二,得甲烷3190.64.60099/0.008cccTKpMPaVcmmol(1)根据R-K方程hhBAhZ111(2-22)2例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答22.522.5660.520.427480.427488.314190.64.6103.222/ccRTapPamKmol6530.086640.086648.314190.64.600102.98510/ccRTbpmmol1.551.53.2222.8782.985108.314273AaBbRT3例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答将以上各值代入式(2-22),得552.98510400100.5268.314273bpBRT0.526bBhVZZ10.5262.878110.5260.526AhZZhBhZZ迭代求解4例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答令1Z代入方程右边,得1.1177Z0.9680Z1.1768Z发散!11.11771.05882Z可以代入迭代或用普遍化三参数压缩因子法查图求得Z,代入求解。迭代结果为1.047Z531.0478.314273100016400100.003713/3.713/ZnRTVpmkglkg5例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答另一种算法0.5()RTpVTVbbVa迭代求解(2)普遍化三参数压缩因子法2731.435190.6rcTTT408.69614.600rcppp根据Tr、pr查图2-7b、图2-8b,得01.06Z10.07Z6例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答531.0618.314273100016400100.0037633.763ZnRTVpmlEND根据Tr、pr判断不应该用普遍化第二维里系数法。011.060.0080.071.061ZZZ7例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答2.用下列方法计算200℃及10×105Pa下异丙醇气的压缩因子与体积。(1)取至第三维里项内的维里方程,实验测定的维里系数B=-388cm3/mol,C=-26000cm6/mol2(2)用普遍化第二维里系数法已知:异丙醇Tc=508.2KPc=50×105Paω=0.700解:21pVBCZRTVV213882600018.314473VVV38.314/RMPacmmolK(1)维里方程8例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答试差求得也许下面的解法更方便33435/Vcmmol134350.8858.314473pVZRT21''ZBpCp81388'9.87108.314473BBPaRT221322226000388'0.114108.314473CBCPaRT9例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答(2)用普遍化第二维里系数法86131219.8710100.11410100.8846Z630.88468.314473100.003478/3.478/ZRTVpmmollmol4730.9307508.2rT5510100.205010rp01.61.60.4220.4220.0830.0830.39040.9307rBT10例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答END14.24.20.1720.1720.1390.1390.093560.9307rBT010.39040.7000.093560.456ccBpBBRT0.20110.4560.9020.9307crcrBppZRTT360.9028.3144730.003502/103.502/ZRTVmmolplmol14.24.20.1720.1720.1390.1390.093560.9307rBT010.39040.7000.093560.456ccBpBBRT11例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答3.合成尿素所用二氧化碳压缩机入口气体流量为28200NM3/h,压缩后出口压力为15.5MPa(绝对压力),出口温度为393K。若吸入气体以纯二氧化碳计,求出口操作状态下的体积流量。解:查附录二,得二氧化碳3304.27.37694.0/0.225cccTKpMPaVcmmol3931.292304.2rcTTT15.52.10117.376rcppp12例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答(1)查图2-9,应使用普遍化压缩因子法计算根据Tr、pr查图2-7b、图2-8b,得00.68Z10.20Z010.680.2250.200.725ZZZ3360.7258.3143930.152810/15.510ZRTVmmolp6282001258.93/1.25910/22.4nkmolhmolh该题不应该使用普遍化第二维里系数法计算。13例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答或者(2)也可以用R-K方程3630.1528101.25910192.4/Vmh561.01310282001.258610/8.314273pVnmolhRT22.522.5660.520.427480.427488.314304.27.376106.4657/ccRTapPamKmol14例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答6530.086640.086648.314304.27.376102.97110/ccRTbpmmol1.551.56.46573.35982.971108.314393AaBbRT10.14093.3598110.14090.1409AhZZhBhZZ562.9711015.5100.14098.314393bpBRT15例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答迭代求解,得0.687Z3360.6878.3143932820010182.29/22.415.510VmhEND16例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答4.用下述方法计算10MPa,743K时水蒸汽的比容(1)理想气体定律;(2)R-K方程;(3)一种普遍化方法;并将所得结果与水蒸汽表比较。解:(1)理想气体定律7367638.3147436177.310/10106177.3101034.32/18RTVmmolpcmg17例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答(2)R-K方程查表得水的临界参数为:22.522.5660.520.427480.427488.314647.322.051014.285/ccRTapPamKmol3647.322.0556.0/0.344cccTKpMPaVcmmol6630.086640.086648.314647.322.051021.14610/ccRTbpmmol18例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答迭代求解,得1.561.514.2854.01221.146108.314743AaBbRT6621.1461010100.03428.314743bpBRT10.03424.012110.03420.0342AhZZhBhZZ0.8918Z19例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答(3)用普遍化第二维里系数法7367630.89188.314743550910/10105509101030.605/18ZRTVmmolpcmg550.99.84256rcVVV7431.148647.3rT6610100.453522.0510rp20例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答01.61.60.4220.4220.0830.0830.25541.148rBT14.24.20.1720.1720.1390.1390.04271.148rBT010.25540.3440.04270.2407ccBpBBRT0.4535110.24070.90491.148crcrBppZRTT21例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答查过热水蒸汽表:内插,得470℃时:7367630.90498.3147435589.8410/10105589.84101031.05/18ZRTVmmolpcmg480℃440℃329.11/Vcmg331.60/Vcmg331.6029.1129.11304031.6029.1131.601030.98/40Vcmg22例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答经比较可见,R-K方程和普遍化方法都较准确。将所得结果与水蒸汽表比较如下:END理想气体R-K方程普遍化方法查表值比容cm3/g34.3230.60531.0530.98误差%+10.78-1.21+0.226-----23例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答5.一耐压容器中半充以在正常沸点状态的液氮,然后将容器密闭,加热至295K。已知正常沸点(77.2K)的液氮摩尔体积为34.7cm3/mol,求加热后的容器中压力。解:压力是强度性质,与体系中物质的量无关。假设半充的液氮是1mol,以1mol液氮为计算基准,此时氮的体积为:353234.769.4/6.9410/Vcmmolmmol查表得氮的临界参数为:3126.23.39489.5/0.04cccTKpMPaVcmmol24例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答22.522.5660.520.427480.427488.314126.23.394101.5576/ccRTapPamKmol6530.086640.086648.314126.23.394102.678410/ccRTbpmmol0.550.555()8.3142951.55766.942.68102956.94106.942.681043.99RTpVTVVbMaabP25例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答END51.2448.31429543.966.9410ZRTpMPaV另一种算法1.551.51.55761.38052.6784108.314295AaBbRT110.38591.38051110.385910.38591.244AhZhBh552.6784100.38596.9410bhV26例题上一内容下一内容回主目录习题解答6.试用R-K方程计算含70.5%H2、28.5%N2、1.0%CH4(摩尔分数)的混合气体在30MPa、100℃条件下的摩尔体积。解:查表并计算得混合物的参数如下:Tc(K)P
本文标题:化工热力学课后习题解答
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