齐大制药化工课程设计

齐齐哈尔大学化工原理课程设计题目水吸收二氧化硫填料吸收塔设计学院化学与化学工程学院专业班级制药工程学生姓名指导教师成绩年月日齐齐哈尔大学化工原理课程设计I摘要气体吸收过程是利用气体混合物中，各组分在液体中溶解度或化学反应活性的差异，在气液两相接触时发生传质，实现气液混合物的分离。一般说来，完整的吸收过程应包括吸收和解吸两部分。在化工生产过程中，原料气的净化，气体产品的精制，治理有害气体，保护环境等方面都广泛应用到气体吸收过程。填料塔由于其通量大，阻力小，压降低，操作弹性大，塔内持液量小，填料易用耐腐蚀材料制造，结构简单，分离效率高等优点，使得其在某些处理量大要求压降小的分离过程中得到了广泛的应用并作为主要设备之一，越来越受到青睐。本设计任务是用20℃清水洗收录其中的二氧化硫。对于气体的吸收应该采用气液传质设备填料塔，因为它具有较高的比表面积。在此吸收过程中，操作温度及操作压力较低，选用塑料散装填料。因塑料阶梯环的综合性能较好，所以选用DN38聚丙烯阶梯环填料。梁型支承板的性能优良，有利于气液传质，因此选用梁型支承板。因该吸收塔液相负荷较大，而气相负荷相对较低，故选用槽式液体分布器。关键词：吸收；填料塔；水；二氧化硫齐齐哈尔大学化工原理课程设计IIAbstractGasabsorptionprocessistheuseofthegaseachcomponentinthesolubilityinliquidorchemicalreactionofthedifferencesinthetwo-phasegas-liquidmasstransferoccurswhenthecontact,gas-liquidmixturetoachieveseparation.Ingeneral,theintegrityoftheprocessshouldincludetheabsorptionanddesorptiontwoparts.Inthechemicalproductionprocess,therawmaterialofgaspurification,gasrefinedproducts,managementofhazardousgasesandprotecttheenvironmentarewidelyusedintheprocessofabsorbingthegas.Packedcolumnbecauseofitslargeflux,smallresistance,thepressuretoreduceoperatingflexibility,thetowerholdingasmallamountoffluid,easy-to-usefillermaterialcorrosion-resistant,simplestructure,highefficiencyseparation,makingitsdealwithsomeofthelargevolumeofrequestsThesmalldropintheprocessofseparationiswidelyusedasoneofthemajorequipment,moreandmorepopular.Thepresenttaskistodesignwith20℃ofwatertowashone'srecord.Thegasshouldbeusedtoabsorbthegas-liquidmasstransferequipmentpackedcolumn,asithasahighsurfacearea.Intheabsorptionprocess,theoperatingtemperatureandlowpressureoperation,theselectionofbulkplasticfiller.Plasticringladderasaresultofthecomprehensiveperformanceisbetter,sochooseDN38polypropylenepackingringladder.Theexcellentperformanceofbeamtypeplate，infavorofgas-liquidmasstransfer,thechoiceofbeam-boardsupport.Theliquidtowerasaresultofagreaterload,andthegasloadisrelativelylow,theselectionoftroughliquiddistributor.Keywords：Absorption;Packedtower;Water;Sulfurdioxide齐齐哈尔大学化工原理课程设计III目录摘要....................................................................IAbstract......................................................................................................................................II第1章绪论........................................................................................................................-1-1.1吸收技术的概况..................................................-1-1.2吸收设备的发展................................................-1-1.3吸收在工业生产中的应用........................................-2-第2章设计方案的选择....................................................................................................-3-2.1吸收流程的选择..................................................-3-2.1.1吸收工艺流程的确定..........................................-3-2.2吸收塔的设备及填料的选择........................................-4-2.2.1吸收塔的设备选择............................................-4-2.2.2填料的选择..................................................-4-2.3操作参数的选择..................................................-6-2.3.1操作压力的选择..............................................-6-2.3.2操作温度的选择..............................................-7-2.3.3吸收因子的选择..............................................-7-2.4吸收剂的选择....................................................-7-第3章吸收塔的工艺计算................................................................................................-9-3.1基础物性数据....................................................-9-3.1.1液相物性数据................................................-9-3.1.2气相物性数据................................................-9-3.1.3气液相平衡数据..............................................-9-3.1.4物料衡算...................................................-10-3.2填料塔的工艺尺寸的计算.........................................-10-3.2.1塔径的计算.................................................-10-3.2.2泛点率校核.................................................-12-3.2.3填料规格核算...............................................-12-3.2.4液体喷淋密度校核...........................................-12-3.3填料层高度计算.................................................-13-齐齐哈尔大学化工原理课程设计IV3.3.1传质单元数的计算...........................................-13-3.3.2传质单元高度的计算.........................................-13-3.3.3填料层高度的计算...........................................-15-3.3.4填料塔附属高度计算.........................................-16-3.4接管尺寸的计算.................................................-17-3.4.1液体进出口管径.............................................-17-3.4.2气体进出口管径.............................................-17-3.5总压降的计算...................................................-17-3.5.1填料层压降计算.............................................-17-3.5.2气体进出管压降.............................................-18-3.5.3总压降.....................................................-19-3.6液体分布器的选择...............................................-19-3.7辅助设备的选型.................................................-20-3.7.1填料支承板.................................................-20-3.7.2除沫器.....................................................-21-结果汇总表..........................