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Unit8TextIITheDeclineoftheKnowledgeFactory:WhyOurCollegeMustChangeGroupmembers:吴开其,虞婷,秦薛凤BriefintroductionJohnTagg,isanassociateprofessorofEnglishatPalomarCollegeinSanMacros,California.Forthepastseveralyears,hehasconductedworkshopsandmadepresentationsatmanycollegesanduniversitiesororganizationaltransformationandtheLearningParadigm.FourpartsContentOrganizationPara1-Para8:Explainthereasonswhycollegesdeclineandhowtheinstructionparadigmcollegecontrolstheteachersandstudents.Para9-Para13:Theauthorstatesthattheinstructiveparadigmcollegesatisfiesnoone,whateverprofessorsorstudentsbyexamplesandresearchoutcomes.Para18-Para23:Byatagquestion,theauthorcallsontheshiftofthetraditionaleducationsysteminAmerica.Para14-Para17:Clarifytworeasonswhyenteringthetwenty-firstcentury,theIPCsystemneedstobechangedbecauseofcompetition.Keywords,phrasesandsentencesPara11assemblyline(productionline)2line装配线,流水作业线2affix3linev.attachto贴上;署名;把..固定E.g.Sheaffixesherrealnametoherwritings.她的著作都署上真名。Para1chassis英['ʃæsɪ;-iː]美['ʃæsi]7linen.底盘,底架[复数chassis]E.g.Inthecaseoftwobladechassis,eachnodegroupshouldbespecifiedoneachblade.在存在两个刀片机箱的情况下,每个刀片上都应指定每个节点组。Para13bolt4linen.弩箭,矢;闪电,雷电;霹雳;意外事件,突发事件v.猛冲,突发,突然冲出,快跑,逃跑E.g.1Hetightenedtheboltupslowly.他慢慢拧紧螺钉。2Ithenquittedheragain,andshedrewtheboltinoneofherworst,mostpeevishhumours.然后我又离开了她,她在一种最坏的、最乖张的心情中上了门闩。3Theboybolted(down)hislunchandrantotheplayground.男孩狼吞虎咽地吃完午饭,就跑到操场去了。Para2fungible英['fʌndʒɪbl]美['fʌndʒəbl]2lineadj.vice,substitutive代替的;可取代的n.substitution代替物E.g.1Yourdaughterhasdiscoveredthatmoneyisfungible.你的女儿发现钱是可以互换的。2Butitcannotbetradedtothirdparties,anditisnotentirelyfungible.但它并不能交易给第三方,也就不完全是种可交换的资产。Para2transcript英['trænskrɪpt;'trɑːn-]美['trænskrɪpt]3linen.report成绩单;抄本,副本;文字记录E.g.Weshouldstopclassifyingdegrees,now,andallowthetranscripttodoitsjob.我们现在就应该停止对学位的分级,让成绩单去代替它履行职责。Para2fractured英['fræktʃəd]3lineadj.regmetic,repturing断裂的;挫伤的;折裂的v.断裂(fracture的过去式)E.g.Thealwaysfracturedreturntonormallifeisinfacttheessenceofasuccessfulliberation.事实上,一次成功的解放的本质是长期破碎的人生回归到正常生活。Para2addupto4line合计达,总计达E.g.1Thesebynomeansadduptomodernism.这绝非是对现代主义的补充说明。2Doesallofthisadduptoadoomsdayscenario,withthethreathavingshiftedfromaUSslowdowntofoodinflation?是否所有这一切都添加到世界末日的情况,在这个征兆下,转向从美国放缓的食物通货膨胀?Theydon'tadduptoacoherentwhole.Theyadduptoatranscriptbutnotaneducation.Howcanweunderstandthissentence?(Para3,thelastsentence)Theexpertdescribestheeducationofthepostwarperiodisnotakindofcompleteeducationwhichstudentscanreallybenefitfrom,butjustinordertochaseforthegrades.Thiskindofeducationonlypaysattentiononthequantityoftheinstructionwhileignorestudents'earningoutcomes.Para3emeritus英[ɪ'merɪtəs;iː-]4lineadj.retired,onthebeach退休的;名誉退休[复数emeriti]E.g.TheemeritusprofessorofmicrobiologyatAberdeenUniversityadded:Myviewwouldbethatispossiblyadangerousthingtodo.这位已退休的阿伯丁大学微生物学荣誉教授又说:“我的看法是,这样做可能很危险。”Para3chancellor英['tʃɑːns(ə)lə]美['tʃænsəlɚ]5linen.president,premier,principle,secertary总理(德、奥等的);(英)大臣;校长(美国某些大学的);(英)大法官;(美)首席法官E.g.ShesaidshewantedtobeachancellorforallGermans,soGermanydoesbetter,particularlyinacrisis.她说她想成为“所有德国人的总理,这样德国做得更好,尤其是在危机时刻”。Para3conglomeration英[kəŋ,glɒmə'reɪʃ(ə)n]美[kən'glɑmə'reʃən]6linen.clustering,mixture,collection聚集(物);团块;凝聚;混合物E.g.Thepicturethatemergedisamotleyconglomerationofpeoplewithwidelyvaryinggoals--andsomewithnoclear-cutgoalsatallotherthantodenouncegreed.由此看到是形形色色的人们聚合在一块,彼此的目标相去甚远,有些人除了谴责贪婪以外完全没有清晰的目标。Aconglomerationofunrelatedcoursesdedicatedtothepropositionthatone'reachshouldneverexceedone'sgrasp.Whatdoesthissentencemean?Theinstructionparadigmcollegeofthepostwarperiodissodetrimentaltothestudentsthatconductofmanyuselesscoursesevenmakepeoplebelievethatwhatapersonachievesshouldbewithinwhattheyhavelearned.Para4allegiance英[ə'liːdʒ(ə)ns]美[ə'lidʒəns]4linen.loyalty,devotion效忠,忠诚;忠贞E.g.1Hisattendanceattherallydeclaredhispoliticalallegiance.他们出席大会显示了他政治上的忠诚。2Youhaveseendutyandallegianceinthedeterminedfacesofoursoldiers.你们从美军士兵坚毅的表情中看到了责任和忠诚。Para4insular英['ɪnsjʊlə]美['ɪnsəlɚ]8lineadj.enclosed,hermitic孤立的;与世隔绝的;海岛的;岛民的E.g.1Itwasveryinsular,awalledgarden.它很孤立,像一座有围墙的花园。2Itisanationalismthatiscosmopolitanratherthaninsularandxenophobic.这是一种国际性的民族主义,而不是孤立仇外的民族主义。Para5distinctive英[dɪ'stɪŋ(k)tɪv]美[dɪ'stɪŋktɪv]1lineadj.unusual,different有特色的,与众不同的E.g.1Duringthefestivalandcelebration,youcanappreciatethemusicanddancewithdistinctivefeatures.在过节和庆祝日期间,你可以欣赏到这些与众不同的地方特色。2Whatmadethisinterdependencedistinctivewasnotthatitwastotallynew—butthatthescaleandspeedofthepotentialconflictarisingfrominterdependenceweresoenormous.让这个相互依存与众不同的原因并不是因为它是全新的,而是由于相互依存而引起的潜在冲突的规模和速度是巨大的。Para5bread-and-butter2lineusedasanadjective,meaning'basic'garner英['gɑːnə]美['ɡɑrnɚ]3linevt.acquire,earn获得;储存;把…储入谷仓n.barn谷仓E.g.Hegraduallygarneredareputationasafinancialexpert.他逐渐地赢得了金融专家的名声。Para6pawn英[pɔːn]美[pɔn]3linen.hostage典当;抵押物;兵,卒;人质vt.当掉;以……担保E.g.Hehadnowaytoredeemhisfurnitureoutofpawn.他无法赎回典当的家具。Para7ostensible英[ɒ'stensɪb(ə)l]美[ɑ'stɛnsəbl]1lineadj.facial,external表面的;假装的E.g.Theostensiblereasonwastosetagoodexample,butIknewWhitewashopingIwouldn’tdoit.表面的理
本文标题:The Decline of the Knowledge Factory
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