新概念第二册第21课

Lesson21Madornot?Newwords•1mad[mæd]adj.发疯•2reason['ri:zən]n.原因•3sum[sʌm]n.量•4determined[di'tə:mind]adj.坚定的，下决心的madadj发疯的1.“为……而疯狂（着迷）①bemadabout…I'mmadaboutEnglish.=becrazyabout…gomad发疯，发狂=gocrazy2.bemadatsb生某人的气3.drivesbmad逼疯reasonn.原因forthisreason由于这个原因Eg:Forthisreason,Iwaslate.forsomereason由于某个原因(some:某一个，加可数名词单数)thereasonisthat…理由是…sumn.量alargesumof:大量的，经常跟钱连用一大笔钱alargesumofmoneydeterminedadj坚定的，下决心的determinevt.决定，确定，determinetodosth决心做某事eg.WedeterminedtostudyEnglishhard.bedeterminedtodosth.下决心做某事eg.Iamdeterminedtostayhere.我决定留下来。表示下决心做某事，句型知多少？decidetodosthmakeadecisiontodosthmakeupone’smindtodosthListenandanswerHavemostofhisneighborslefttheirhomesornot?Whatisthewriterdeterminedtodo?Aeroplanesareslowlydrivingmemad.Ilivenearanairportandpassingplanescanbeheardnightandday.Theairportwasbuiltyearsago,butforsomereasonitcouldnotbeusedthen.Lastyear,however,itcameintouse.Overahundredpeoplemusthavebeendrivenawayfromtheirhomesbythenoise.Iamoneofthefewpeopleleft.SometimesIthinkthishousewillbeknockeddownbyapassingplane.Ihavebeenofferedalargesumofmoneytogoaway,butIamdeterminedtostayhere.EverybodysaysImustbemadandtheyareprobablyright.课文讲解Madornot?1、Madornot?=madornotmad?ornot在疑问词的后面，表示“是还不是”，选择概念2、Aeroplanesareslowlydrivingmemad.1).aeroplane=airplane飞机2).drivesbmad把某人逼疯（难点P94)e.g.Youaredrivingmemad.drive(drove,driven)eg.Hedriveshiscarverybadly.他开车技术非常糟糕。eg.Thefarmerdrovethecattleinthefield.那位农夫把牛赶进田里。eg.Ourarmydrovetheenemyback.我们的军队把敌人赶回去了。eg.Duringthewar,manypeopleweredrivenoutoftheirhomes.战争期间，许多人被赶出家园。3、Ilivenearanairportandpassingplanescanbeheardnightandday.nightandday日日夜夜，夜以继日passingplanes过往飞机（passing是现在分词，作定语，起形容词作用，修饰planes，“经过的(路过)，过往的”）Heforgotthemanwithpassingtime.随着时间的消逝，他忘掉了那个人。sleepingbaby正在睡觉的小孩waitingcar正在等待的车4、Theairportwasbuiltyearsago,butforsomereasonitcouldnotbeusedthen.•1)years前面不加确定的数词时，一般表示“许多年”yearsago=manyyearsago，weeks等的用法与它相似•Ihavenotseenhimforweeks.•2)forsomereason由于某个理由•some+可数名词单数：某一somebook•some+可数名词复数：一些somebooks•some+不可数名词：一些somewater•5.Lastyear,however,itcameintouse.Overahundredpeoplemusthavebeendrivenawayfromtheirhomesbythenoise.1)comeintouse:投入使用(物作主语）eg.Theairportcameintouselastyear.2)over=morethan3)awayfrom离开4)Home,family与house的区别（P94难点）home:家,强调有感情;house仅仅指房子;family:家人home=family+housemusthavedone对发生完的事情有把握的判断musthavebeendone（被动形式）6.Iamoneofthefewpeopleleft.SometimesIthinkthishousewillbeknockeddownbyapassingplane.1).oneof的用法（3点）+名词复数+谓语动词的单数+形容词的最高2）leave---left---left,left作定语后置,常放n.后,意思是“剩下的，剩余的”.Ihaveabagleft.Thereistencentsleftinmypocket.3)sometimes有时候sometime（过去或将来）某时候sometime一段时间sometimes几次，几倍（注：这是中国人的用法，地道的说法是：severaltimes）4）knockdown拆散，撞倒knockat敲•Ihavebeenofferedalargesumofmoneytogoaway,butIamdeterminedtostayhere.•offerv.提供（相当于give）•offerhelp提供帮助•offerasumofmoney提供一笔钱•offerajob提供一份工作•offersbsth•offersthtosb•bedeterminedtodosth下定决心要做7.EverybodysaysImustbemadandtheyareprobablyright.1）Everybody不定代词作主语谓语动词用单数2）mustbe表对现在事实的肯定推测动词语态英语动词有两种语态•主动语态：主语是动作的执行者•被动语态：主语是动作的承受者•ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(主动语态)•Englishisspokenbymanypeople.(被动语态)被动语态构成•助动词+及物动词的过去分词•（be+P.P.)以see为例，比较主动语和态被动语态的结构形式时态主动语态被动语态(be+过去分词）一般现在时see/seesam(is,are)+seen一般过去时sawwas(were)+seen一般将来时will(shall)+seewill(shall)+be+seen(过去将来时)would(should)+seewould(should)+be+seen现在进行时am(is,are)+seeingam(is,are)+being+seen(过去进行时)was(were)+seeingwas(were)+being+seen现在完成时have(has)+seenhave(has)+been+seen(过去完成时)had+seenhad+been+seen含情态动词情态动词+see情态动词+be+seen主动语态改为被动语态的方法•将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语。•将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构。•将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。肯定句，否定句及疑问句如下。CarsaremadeinChangchun.CarsarenotmadeinChangchun.---ArecarsmadeinChangchun?(---Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.)Wherearecarsmade?p26被动语态使用方法•Whencanweusethepassivevoice?1.不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。•Mybikewasstolenlastnight.•Lettersarecollectedateighteverymorning.2.为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。•ThedeskwasmadebyMasterWang.•Thebagwastakenawaybyhissister.•3.为了更好地安排句子Thewell-knownpersongotonthebusandwasimmediatelyrecognizedbypeople.（一个主语就够了）•4.在上下文中，为了使句子间连接紧密时。如：•Ihaveanewskirt.Itwasgiventomeasabirthdaypresentbymyaunt.将下列句子改成被动语态。•1.WeuseEnglishasaforeignlanguage.→•Englishisusedasaforeignlanguage(byus)•2.PeoplewritebusinesslettersinEnglish→•Businesslettersarewritten(bypeople)inEnglish.•3.TheymaketelephonecallsinEnglish.→•Telephonecallsaremade(bythem)inEnglish.•4.TravelersandbusinesspeopleuseEnglish.→•Englishisusedbytravelersandbusiness.•5.FarmersgrowriceinZhejiang.→•RiceisgrownbyfarmersinZhejiang主动语态变为被动语态时注意1.含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时有两种情况:2.EgHegavetheboyanapple.→(1)把间接宾语改为主语,直接宾语保留不变:Theboywasgivenanapple(2)把直接宾语改为主语,此时,间接宾语前要加to或for.Anapplewasgiventotheboy.(give,pass,show,send---to)(buy,draw,make,----for)1.含双宾语的被动Myfathergavemeanewbookonmybirthday.----Anewbookwasgiventome(bymyfather)----Iwasgivenanewbook(bymyfather)….2.不带的to不定式,改为被动语态时不定式前要加to.Theywatchedthechildrensing.→Thechildrenwerewatchedtosing.3.短语动词是不可分割的整体,改为被动语态时要保持其完整性,介词或副词不可遗漏.Wemusttakegoodcareoftheyoungtrees.→Youngtreesmustbetakengoodcareof.4.带复合宾语的动词改为被动语态时,一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语,宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语.Hecuthishairshort.→Hishairwascut