初中讲一般过去时课件(PPT)

一般过去时态什么是一般过去时？动词的一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作、情况或存在的状态。行为动词(即实义动词)的过去式没有人称和数的变化。I___12yearsoldthisyear.我去年11岁.I____11yearsoldlastyear.He____inBeijingnow.他昨天在上海。He____inShanghaiyesterday.他现在在北京。Pleaselookatthesentences我今年12岁.amwasiswasThey____inChinatoday.他们今天在中国。They____inJapanyesterday.他们昨天在日本。areweream/iswasarewere每天，早餐我吃鸡蛋和牛奶。I____eggsandmilkforbreakfasteverymorning.昨天，早餐我吃面条。I____noodlesforbreakfastyesterdaymorning.他每天都吃水果。He_____fruiteveryday.昨天他吃了3个苹果。He_____3applesyesterday.have/hashadhavehashadhadIgetupat6:30everymorning.I___upat9:00lastSunday.Heplaysfootballeveryafternoon.He_____basketballyesterdayafternoon.Hedoeshishomeworkeveryevening.He____somereadinglastnight.动词原形、第三人称单数动词过去式gotplayeddidTheydon’twatchTVintheevening.They_________TVlastnight.Shedoesn’tplaybasketballafterschool.She_________basketballafterschoolyesterday.Doyougotoschoolonfooteveryday?___you__toschoolonfootyesterday.Doeshegotoschoolbybuseveryday?___he___toschoolbybusyesterday?don’t/doesn’tdo/doesdidn’tdiddidn’twatchdidn’tplayDidDidgogo谓语构成1.动词be2.动词have,has3.助动词do,does4.行为动词用过去式was,werehaddid一般过去时以动词的过去式来表示，没有人称和数的变化.(was,were除外)Iwenttoschoolyesterday.Theywenttoschoolyesterday.一般过去时的谓语构成：由动词的过去式构成规则变化1.一般加ed2.以e结尾加d3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加ed.work—workedchange—changedprefer—preferredstop—stopped4.以辅音字母加y结尾的词,先改y为i,再加edstudy—studied5.不规则变化.(见不规则动词表P102)规则动词过去式-ed的发音1.在以清辅音结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/t/work/w3:k/edt/2.在以浊辅音或原音结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/d/play/pleI/live/lIv/edd/edd/3.在以/t/或/d/结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/Id/visit/’vIzIt/edId/finishedenjoyedshoutedmovedhelpedwantedcalledneeded/t//d//Id//d//d//t//Id//Id/1．一般过去时的构成一般过去时是用动词的过去式来表示。Hiswordsfetchedalaughfromallpresent.他的话使在场的人都笑了。Ididnotsleepwelllastnight.我昨晚没睡好。Didyoudirectthetouristtothehotel?你告诉这位游客去旅馆的路了吗？1.表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态Hesuddenlyfellillyesterday.昨天他突然生病了。Theenginestoppedbecausethefuelwasusedup.发动机因燃料用光而停机了。注意：在一般过去时的句子中，通常都要有表示过去的时间状语。用法【误】IvisitedthePalaceMuseum.（在没有上下文的情况下，应避免这样说）【正】IvisitedthePalaceMuseumlastyear.去年我参观过故宫博物院。【正】IhavevisitedthePalaceMuseum.2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作和存在的状态,常与often，always等表示频度的时间状语连用：Ioftengotupveryearlyatthattime.Iwrotehomeonceaweekatcollege.我上大学时每周给家里写一封信。Hewasalreadyinthehabitofreadingwidelyinhisboyhood.他童年时就养成了广泛阅读的习惯。提示：表示过去的习惯性动作，除了用过去式外，还可以用usedto或would来表示。SheusedtostudylateintothenightwhenshewasinSeniorThree.她上高三时经常学习到深夜。Hewouldsitforhoursdoingnothing.过去他常常一坐几个钟头什么事也不做。3.表示已故人所做的事情。ComradeLeiFengdidgooddeedsinhislife.雷锋同志做了一生的好事。4.表示过去连续所发生的一系列的动作,而这一系列的动作是从现在的角度来考虑的,不是从动作相互之间的关系这一角度来考虑的。MissLiugotupatseveno’clockthismorning,dressed,hadbreakfast,andwenttowork.Sheenteredtheroom,pickedupamagazineandlookedthroughitcarefully.她走进房间，拿起一本杂志，认真地翻阅了起来。Thestudentsgotupearlyinthemorning,didmorningexercisesandthenreadEnglishaloudintheopenair.学生们很早起床，做早操，然后在室外朗读英语。一般过去时的特殊用法：a.在虚拟语气中表示现在或将来时间的动作或状态It'stimewewent.是我们该走的时候了。IwishIweretwentyyearsyounger.但愿我年轻20岁。Iwouldratheryoudidn'tdoanythingforthetimebeing.我宁愿你暂时先不要采取什么措施。b.在口语中，一般过去时往往显示委婉客气。Iwonderedifyoucouldgivemeahand.我想请你帮个忙。MightIcomeandseeyoutonight?我想今晚来看你，好吗？1.与ago连用：amomenttwominutesthreehoursfivedaysoneweeksixmonthsfouryearsago用于一般过去时的时间状语lasttimenightweekmonthtermMondayyesterdaymorningafternooneveningthedaybeforeyesterday2.与last连用3.与yesterday连用：4.与one连用：onemorningeveningdayMondayafternoon5.与that连用：thatmorningwinterdayyearjustnowintheolddaysinthosedaysin1980theotherdayonceuponatime6.其他时间状语：行为动词一般过去时的否定式一般过去时的否定式是在动词原形前加助动词didnot(didn’t).主语+didn’t+动词原形I_________themthenews.I____(tell)themthenewsyesterday.didn’ttelltold行为动词一般过去时的疑问式一般过去时的一般疑问式在句首加助动词didDid+主语+动词原形……？They______(finish)theirworkatfour.一般疑问句:____they_____theirworkatfour?Yes,they_____.No,they_____.finishedDidfinishdiddidn’tT注意1.外加助动词did后,动词须返回原形。Didhewenttoschoolyesterday?Didhegotoschoolyesterday?F2.简略回答用助动词did/didn’t代替行为动词。Didhefindtheboyyesterday?－Yes,hedid.－No,hedidnot(didn’t).行为动词一般过去时的疑问式一般过去时的特殊疑问式疑问词+did+主语+动词原形……？Theyfinishedtheirworkatfour.AB对划线部分提问A:B:Whatdidtheydoatfour?Whendidtheyfinishtheirwork?一般现在时和一般过去时的比较：一般现在时要和现在时间相联系，而一般过去时和说话的“现在”不相联系。Hisfatherisafilmdirector.他父亲是电影导演。（他现在还是）Hisfatherwasafilmdirector.他父亲曾是电影导演。（他现在不是）Howdoyoulikethenovel?你觉得这部小说怎么样？（还在看小说）Howdidyoulikethenovel?你觉得这部小说怎么样？（已看完小说）1.look2.live3.stop4.hope5.trip6.call7.eat8.want9.Say10.See11.put12.read13.take14.buy15.Sing16.Hear17.Make18.Find19.break20.Think21.fall22.write写出下列动词的过去式1.look2.live3.stop4.hope5.trip6.call7.eat8.want9.Say10.see11.put12.read13.take14.buy15.Sing16.Hear17.Make18.Find19.break20.thinklookedlivedstoppedhopedtrippedatewantedsaidsawputreadtookcalledboughtsangheardmadefoundbrokethoughtTheanswers:21.fall22.writefellwroteExercises1.I____thenumberdownonapieceofpaperamomentago.A.writeB.writedC.wroteD.writing2.Everything___readybeforeFathercame.A.wereB.wasC.isD.are3.Healways_____melastterm.A.helpedB.helpsC.helpingD.help1.____you________(remember)tobuytheoranges?2.Who________(invent)thecomputer.3.We_____(go)tothecinemalastnight.Thefilm_____(be)verygood.4.Whattime____you____(get)toschoolthismorning?5.Jim___(do)alotyesterday.He____(go)shoppingand______(cook)supper.用动词的