宾语从句和定语从句

宾语从句TheObjectClause由从属连词that引导的宾语从句主句+that+陈述句由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which，what和连接副词where,how,why,when等引导的宾语从句主句+连接词+陈述句由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句主句+if/whether+陈述句宾语从句的句子结构当句末为ornot时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.宾语从句的时态1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.Theteachersaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun.注意：1.Doyouknowhowmuchhotwater__?A.mumisneedB.doesmumneedC.mumneedsD.didmumneed2.Canyoutellme___?A.whereheisB.WhereisheC.heiswhereD.whatishe3.Ididn’tknow____toLondon.A.howwouldtheygoB.howaretheygoingC.howtheywouldgoD.howtheyaregoing4.Iwanttoknowhowlong___.A.hashebeenbackB.hashecomebackC.hehasbeenbackD.hehascomeback5.Doyouknow___.A.whatthenewsareB.whatisthenewsC.whatthenewsisD.whatarethenewsCACCC1.Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)3.Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.5.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)6.Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)7.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)8.Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)9.Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)willbegoeswereplayinghasreturnedhadbeentravelsaretalkingwereweredoingAgame:What’sthenameofthestudent?What’sthenameofthestudentwhostandsbehind/infrontof……?What’sthenameofthestudentwhostandson……right/left?Thestudentwho/whomyoutoldmeis……定语从句TheAttributiveClauserelativepronouns1.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)2.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）3.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)4.关系代词that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）关系代词that和which使用时应注意1.在下列情况下只用that，不用which(1)先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much,theone等不定代词时Thereisnothing(that)Icando.Imeantheonethatwasbroughtyesterday.(2)先行词被all,any,every,no,some,little,much等饰时Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.Youmaytakehomeanyofthesebooksthatyoulike.(3)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时Thisisthefirstcomposition(that)hehaswritteninEnglish.Thisisthebestnovel(that)Ihaveeverread.(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时,如:HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttotalkwith.(5)先行词既有人又有物时，如:Theytalkedaboutpersonsandthingsthattheymet.(6)当句中已有who时，为避免重复，如：Whoisthemanthatisgivingustheclass?1.Thewhitefloweristheonlyone____Ireallylike.2.Thisistheverybook_____Iwanttofind.3.Thelastplace____wevisitedwasthehospital.4.Thisisthesamewatch___Ilostyesterday.5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschool____hehadvisited.Theboy(whom/who/that)youwanttotalktoisinthelab.Theboytowhomyouwanttotalkisinthelab.Theboyisinthelab.Youwanttotalktohim.Thisistheboy.Isitbehindhim.Thisistheboy(whom/who/that)Isitbehind.ThisistheboybehindwhomIsit.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat.Thegoatiseatingherflowers.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoatwhich/thatiseatingherflowers.Canyoulendmethebook?Youtalkedaboutitlastnight.Canyoulendmethebook(which/that)youtalkedaboutlastnight.Canyoulendmethebookaboutwhichyoutalkedlastnight?Aplaneisamachinethat/whichcanfly.Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that/who/whom)Itoldyouabout.注意：介词提前时只能用which而不能用that。fromthatIsthisthelibraryyouborrowbooks?fromwhichwho/that(whom/who/that)who/thatThemanItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonstealsthingsiscalledathief.ThemanInoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemanInoddedisProfessorLi.towhomwhich/that(which/that)(which/that)(1)Thesearethetreeswereplantedlastyear.(2)ThisrecorderheisusingismadeinJapan.(3)Isthisthelibraryyouborrowbooksfrom?(4)Isthisthelibraryyouborrowbooks?fromwhichImagineyouareacustomerandyourpartneristheassistantoftheshop,makeadialogue.Youcanaddmorequestionsifyoulike.A:WhatcanIdoforyou?C:Iwanttobuy…….A:thisone?C:No,Iliketheonewhi-ch/that…….A:Theonewhich/thatyouwanttobuyissoldout.Wouldyoulikeanother?C:Ok.Givemetheonewhich/that……A:Hereyouare.C:Howmuchisit?………..