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高考链接体验考点梳理精讲要点知识点拨第14讲虚拟语气高考链接体验返回目录1.(2019高考英语江苏卷)Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe_______moreonitsculture.A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused【答案】B【解析】本题考查虚拟语气的用法。wouldrather后应用虚拟语气,表示与现在时间相反,用动词的过去式。返回目录2.(2019高考英语上海卷)---Sorry,ProfessorSmith.Ididn'tfinishtheassignmentyesterday.---Oh,youhavedoneitasyesterdaywasthedeadline.A.mustB.mustn'tC.shouldD.shouldn't【答案】C【解析】本题考查的是虚拟语气。此处表示和过去事实相反的情况,应该用should+have+过去分词。本来应该做,而未做。返回目录3.(2019高考英语浙江卷)HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy.A.wouldhavebeensavedB.hadbeensavedC.willbesavedD.wassaved【答案】A【解析】原形是:IfIhadknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy.故选择A。返回目录4.(2019高考英语天津卷)Johnwenttothehospitalalone.Ifhemeaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.A.shouldtellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold【答案】D【解析】主从句都是对过去发生事实的一种意愿表达,从句采用havedone的结构,故选D。返回目录5.(2019高考英语陕西卷)Ifwe___theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.A.takeB.hadtakenC.tookD.havetaken【答案】B【解析】主句的谓语动词形式mighthavearrived可知题干是与过去事实相反选B。返回目录mighthavearrived6.(2019高考英语湖南卷)Ifhemyadvice,hewouldn'thavelosthisjob.A.followedB.shouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.wouldfollow【答案】C返回目录7.(2019高考英语北京卷)--Theweatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.--Yes.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetternow!Andmyvegetables_______.A.wouldn'tdieB.didn'tdieC.hadn'tdiedD.wouldn'thavedied【答案】D【解析】表示与过去事实相反的假设,故主句用would/could/might/should+havedone,即D项正确。返回目录考点梳理精讲返回目录1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,从句用一般过去时(be动词用were),主句动词的形式为should/would/could/might+动词原形。例如:①Ifitwerenotforthefactthatshe______sing,Iwouldinvitehertotheparty.A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tB.C.can’tD.mightnot解析:that从句为同位语从句,描述的是事实,用陈述语气。正确答案为C。返回目录考点一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法werewouldinvite注意干扰信息!2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,if引导的从句动词用过去完成时主句动词的形式为should/would/could/mighthavedone。例如:Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,wecouldhavehadapicnic.Butit______allday.A.rainedB.rainsB.C.hasrainedD.israining解析:句子前半部分陈述的是与过去事实相反的事情,所以用了虚拟语气。“下了一天的雨”是事实,所以用陈述语气。因为是发生在过去的事实,所以正确答案为A。注意干扰信息!3.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气,从句中动词用一般过去时/shoulddo/weretodo,主句动词的形式为should/would/could/might+动词原形。例如:IfI______plantodoanythingIwantto,I’dliketogotoTibetandtravelthroughasmuchofitaspossible.A.wouldB.couldB.C.hadtoD.oughtto解析:句子描述的是与将来事实相反的事情,所以正确答案为B。返回目录虚拟语气用于非真实条件句条件从句主句例句与现在事实相反IfI(we,you,he,she,it,they)+动词过去式(be的形式一律用were)I(we,you,he,she,it,they)+would/should/could/might+动词原形Ifhewereindoors,hewouldn’tfeelsocold.条件从句主句例句与过去事实相反IfI(we,you,he,she,it,they)had+过去分词I(we,you,he,she,it,they)+would/should/could/might+havedoneIfyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn’thavefailedintheexamination.与将来事实相反A式:If+主语+一般过去式B式:If+主语+weretodoC式:If+主语+shoulddoI(we,you,he,she,it,they)would/should/could/might+动词原形A:Ifhewereherethisevening,wewouldplaycards.B:IfsheweretomarryJack,shewouldbehappy.C:Ifsheshouldknowit,shewouldtellme.在有些虚拟条件句中,主从句时间不一致,应根据不同情况区别对待。例如:It’shardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI_____inlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall解析:句意为:如果不是我在七岁时爱上家乡的MelindaCox图书馆的话,很难想象今天的我会是什么样子。主句描述的是与现在事实相反的事情,从句描述的是与过去事实相反的事情。正确答案为B。返回目录考点二、主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句条件句中表虚拟,时态后退是真理;有be一律变成were虚拟条件句型虚拟条件句和主句动作如发生的时间不一致,主句和从句的谓语要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式,这种句子叫做错综时间条件句。这样的虚拟句不含有if从句,而是以butfor/without/or/otherwise等引导的句子代替if从句,主句的谓语动词的形式与前面虚拟语气的基本用法相同。例如:Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idon’tthinkwe______itwithoutyou.A.canmanageB.couldhavemanagedC.couldmanagedD.canhavemanaged解析:对过去发生的事实的虚拟,所以要用couldhavedone,故应选B。返回目录考点三、含蓄虚拟条件句withoutyou虚拟条件不直言,都在上下文中联;要不是没有就缺乏,要不然否则就假设,butfor要不是,without没有,intheabsenceof,缺乏……时,orelse否则,不然的话otherwise否则suppose假设providing如果,假设含蓄条件句butfor要不是,without没有,1、在含有表示坚持、建议、命令、要求等含义的名词性从句中2、在it做形式宾语或形式主语的复合句中,宾语补足语是:necessary/strange/essential/natural/apity/ashame等表示“惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此”等含义时,从句中的谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。例如:返回目录考点四、名词性从句中的虚拟语气—Don’tyouthinkitnecessarythathe______toMiamibuttoNewYork?—Iagree,buttheproblemis______hehasrefusedto.A.willnotbesent;thatB.notbesent;thatC.shouldnotbesent;whatD.shouldnotsend;what解析:问句的句意为:难道你不认为必须把他送到迈阿密而不是纽约吗?句子表示理应如此的意思。正确答案为B。虚拟用在名从中,shoulddo结构要记清;一个坚持两命令,三个建议四要求;It做主后有形,奇怪重要自然行;shoulddo/do型(strange;important;natural)一个坚持:insist(坚决要求)两个命令:order,command三个建议:suggest,advise,propose四个要求:demand,require,request,desire具体说来其基本结构为:wish/ifonly/wouldrather+主语+1)动词一般过去时(与现在事实相反,其中be动词用were)2)动词过去完成时(表示与过去事实相反)3)would+动词原型(表示与将来事实相反)。例如:LookatthetroubleI’min,ifonlyI______youradvice!A.followedB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.shouldfollow解析:描述的是与过去事实相反的事情。正确答案为C。考点五wish/ifonly/wouldrather从句中的虚拟语气Wish之后有宾从,虚拟时态退一层;Asif/ifonly/wouldrather,时态也要退一层;It’shightimethatsbdidsth.此种形式要记清。虚拟条件句(if从句)型条件句中表虚拟,时态后退是真理;有be一律变成wereWish之后有宾从,虚拟时态退一层;Asif/ifonly/wouldrather,时态也要退一层;It’shightimethatsbdidsth.此种形式要记清。虚拟用在名从中,shoulddo结构要记清;一个坚持两命令,三个建议四要求;It做主后有形,奇怪重要自然行;虚拟条件不直言,都在上下文中联;要不是没有就缺乏,要不然否则就假设,要点知识点拨返回目录虚拟语气用于非真实条件句条件从句主句例句与现在事实相反IfI(we,you,he,she,it,they)+动词过去式(be的形式一律用were)I(we,you,he,she,it,they)+would/should/could/might+动词原形Ifhewereindoors,hewouldn’tfeelsocold.条件从句主句例句与过去事实相反IfI(we,you,he,she,it,they)had+过去分词I(we,you,he,she,it,they)+would/should/could/might+havedoneI
本文标题:第14讲虚拟语气-资料
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