铁素体―奥氏体异种钢接头界面组织及力学性能毕业论文

目录摘要................................................................................................................................................I英文摘要...................................................................................................................................II1绪论..........................................................................................................................................11.1课题研究的目的及意义...................................................................................11.2铁素体与奥氏体不锈钢钢简介...........................................................11.2.1铁素体不锈钢钢简介....................................................................................11.2.2奥氏体不锈钢简介......................................................................................21.3铁素体与奥氏体不锈钢的发展现状........................................................31.3.1国外铁素体与奥氏体不锈钢的发展简史...............................................31.3.2国内铁素体与奥氏体不锈钢的发展简史...............................................41.3.3铁素体奥氏体等不锈钢材料今后的发展趋势......................................62不锈钢的焊接性能与工艺......................................................................................82.1不锈钢的焊接工艺.............................................................................................82.1.1手工焊（MMA）...............................................................................................82.1.2常见焊接缺陷类型产生原因与防止措施...............................................92.2奥氏体不锈钢的焊接性能分析.................................................................122.2.1焊接接头的晶间腐蚀问题.........................................................................122.2.2焊接接头的刀状腐蚀..................................................................................132.2.3应力腐蚀开裂问题......................................................................................142.2.4焊接接头的热裂纹问题.............................................................................142.3铁素体不锈钢焊接性能分析......................................................................152.3.1铁素体不锈钢的焊接性.............................................................................152.3.2铁素体不锈钢的焊接工艺特点...............................................................162.4铁素体与奥氏体异种钢对焊性能分析.................................................172.5焊接接头的组织与性能.................................................................................192.5.1熔池凝固与焊缝金属的固态相变...........................................................192.5.2焊接熔合区的特征.......................................................................................212.5.3焊接热影响区................................................................................................213实验过程与实验结果分析....................................................................................223.1焊接材料和焊接方法的选择......................................................................223.2实验过程及结果分析......................................................................................243.2.1金相组织观察试验.......................................................................................243.2.2显微硬度实验................................................................................................274结论.........................................................................................................................................30致谢.........................................................................................................................................32参考文献...................................................................................................................................33铁素体—奥氏体异种钢接头界面组织及力学性能I铁素体—奥氏体异种钢接头界面组织及力学性能摘要伴随着现代社会生产的迅速发展，对材料的性能要求越来越高，碳素钢已经不能满足生产的需要。而不锈钢材料具有良好的抗腐蚀性能和耐久性，使产品安全可靠，结实耐久，具有极佳的应用和研究前景。目前，铁素体与奥氏体作为不锈钢材料普遍地被应用于生产制造中，这类钢具有屈服强度高、抗腐蚀性能好、优良的可焊接性能等诸多优点，所以通过分析研究铁素体—奥氏体异种钢焊接接头状况，分析接头失效原因，提高接头服役寿命具有十分重要的现实意义。本文研究的是以铁素体与奥氏体不锈钢为母材，在完善的焊接工艺的前提下进行平板对焊。然后分别对截取的焊接试样做金相组织观察、硬度测试、金属力学拉伸等实验。通过观察金相组织情况，对比分析实验数据，得出改善接头组织性能的最佳方案，是本实验研究的主要目的。关键词铁素体/奥氏体/异种钢焊接/界面组织/力学性能铁素体—奥氏体异种钢接头界面组织及力学性能IIFERRITICANDAUSTENITICDISSIMILARSTEELJOINTSINTERFACEMICROSTRUCTUREANDMECHANICALPROPERTICEABSTRACTWiththerapiddevelopmentofmodernsocialproduction,Weneedthepropertiesofmaterialsmoreandmoreincreasinglyhigh,carbonsteelhasbeenunabletomeettheneedsofproduction.Whilestainlesssteelhasgoodcorrosionresistanceanddurability,sothattheproductissafeandreliable,stronganddurable,andhasexcellentapplicationandresearchprospect.Atpresent,theferriteandaustenitestainlesssteelmaterialiswidelyusedinmanufacturing,thiskindofsteelhashighyieldstrength,goodcorrosionresistance,excellentweldingperformanceandmanyotheradvantages,sothroughtheanalysisandResearchontheferriteandausteniticdissimilarsteelweldingjointposition,jointfailureanalysis,improvethejointservicelifehasveryimportantpracticalsignificance.ThisstudyistotakeFerriticandausteniticstainlesssteelasabasematerial,toimprovetheweldingprocessiscarriedoutunderthepremiseofplatebuttwelding.Andthentheinterceptionofweldingspecimenmicrostructureobservation,hardnesstest,tensiletestofmet