汉语成语、典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译

第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著粗枝大叶•thickbranchesandlargeleaves;(indoingthings,)donottakeduecare;carelessorcarelessly•粗枝大叶为联合结构，字面意义是，枝子很粗，叶子很大，很不精细。通常当马虎大意和粗心大意使用。第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著翻译磨刀石（直译）•声东击西•刻骨铭心•狗仗人势•口蜜腹剑•Shoutintheeastandstrikeinthewest(lookonewayandrowanother/sellthedummy)•Beengravedinone’sheartandbones(remembertotheendofone’slife)•Belikeadogcountingonitsmaster’sbacking(beabullyundertheprotectionofapowerfulperson)•Tobehoney-mouthedanddagger-hearted(aJudaskiss)第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著翻译磨刀石（意译）•虚怀若谷•如虎添翼•噤若寒蝉•指腹为婚•Tobemodestandextremelyopen-minded•Withmightredoubled(withaddedstrength)•Keepsilentoutoffear•Thetwohavebeenengagedtoeachotherbeforetheywereborn.(prenatalbetrothal)第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著其他例子：挥金如土TothrowmoneyaboutlikedirtTospendmoneylikewater掌上明珠ApearlinthepalmTheappleofone’seyeThebeloveddaughter•骨瘦如柴•Tobeasthinassticks/alath•Tobeabagofbones•Tobeskinandbones•雪中送炭•Tosendcharcoalinsnowyweather•Tohelpalamedogoverastile(台阶)•Providetimelyhelp第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著翻译磨刀石（套译）•顺水行舟•非驴非马•日暮途穷•本末倒置•Sailwiththewind•Neitherfish,fleshnorfowl•Attheendofone’srope•Putthecartbeforethehorse第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著•粗枝大叶•无孔不入•扬眉吐气•纸醉金迷•开门见山•单枪匹马•风雨飘摇•Tobecrudeandcareless(sloppy)•tobeall-pervasive/seizeanyopportunity•Tofeelproudandelated/holdone’sheadhigh•Alifeofluxuryanddissipation•Tocomestraighttothepoint•Tobesingle-handedindoingsomething•Tobeinunstable/turbulenttimes第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著这类成语一般用意译或者套译•毛遂自荐•叶公好龙•南柯一梦•四面楚歌•锱铢必较•罄竹难书•初出茅庐•倾国倾城•悬梁刺股•Tovolunteerone’sservices•Professedloveofwhatonereallyfears•Afonddreamorillusoryjoy•Tobebesiegedonallsides•Tohaggleovereverypenny•(ofcrimes)toonumeroustoberecorded•Atthebeginningofone’scareer(inexperienced)•Tobeexceedinglybeautiful(gorgeous)•Tobeextremelyhard-workinginone’sstudy意译第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著套译•小题大做•赴汤蹈火•洗心革面•横行霸道•过河拆桥•乳臭未干•格格不入•魂不附体•Makeamountainoutofamolehill•Gothroughfireandwater•Turnoveranewleaf•Throwone’sweightabout•Kickdowntheladder•Bewetbehindtheears•Belikesquarepegsinroundholes•Jumpoutofone’sskin(tobescaredoutofone’swits)第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著翻译磨刀石（历史故事和寓言英译）•画龙点睛•三顾茅庐•掩耳盗铃•杀鸡儆猴•Addthetouchthatbringsaworkofarttolife•Repeatedlyrequestsomebodytotakeuparesponsiblepost•Plugone’searswhilestealingabell(todeceiveoneself)•Killthechickentofrightenthemonkey(punishsomeoneasawarningtoothers)第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著•杞人忧天•groundlessworry•绕梁三日•(ofasong)soexcellentastolettheaudiencefeelitlingeringforalongtime•塞翁失马•alossmayturnouttobeablessing•闻鸡起舞•diligentandself-disciplined•煮豆燃萁•todoharmtoone’sownbrothersorsisters第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著•初生牛犊不怕虎•anewborncalfisn’tafraidofthetiger;ayoungsterisadaredevil.•吃一堑，长一智•afallinpit,againinwit;Wisdomcomesbysuffering;theburntchilddreadsfire;experienceteaches•人不可貌相，海水不可斗量•don’tjudgeamanbyhisappearanceanddon’tmeasuretheseawithadouorbucket;hemaybemorecapablethanhelooks;amanmayhavemorepotentialthanyouknow.•祸兮福所依，福兮祸所伏•fortuneormisfortunemayleadtotheopposite.第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著闻所未闻•hearingwhathasneverbeenheardbefore;rarelyorseldomheardof•闻所未闻为动宾结构，字面意义是听到了从未听到过的，通常用于指事理或论述的新鲜、奇特。•第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著盛气凌人•soarrogantastoimposeoneselfuponothers;arrogantordomineeringinmanner•盛气凌人为主谓结构，字面意义是骄横傲慢以气势压人，通常与不可一世、咄咄逼人等词语同义。•第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著洋洋得意•extremelypleasedastobetooproud;pleasedandtooproud;pleasedtotheextentofbeingtooproud•洋洋得意也可以说成得意洋洋。洋洋得意是偏正结构，洋洋修饰得意；得意洋洋也是偏正结构，具体地说是动补结构，但依然是洋洋修饰得意。字面意义是满意到了骄傲的地步，得意到溢于言表。•第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著小心翼翼•particularlycareful,extremelycautious•小心翼翼为偏正结构，翼翼用做补语修饰小心。翼翼的字面意义是多多，小心翼翼的字面意义是小心多多，使用时的意义为非常小心、特别谨慎，几乎有点过分。•第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著见异思迁•changeone’sminduponseeingsomethingnew;beinconsistentininclination第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著剜肉补疮•cutfleshtopatchanulcerate;takeshort-termmeasurestodosomethingwhichrequireslong-termmeasurestobetaken;topullthroughalightcrisisorsolveaproblemattheexpensesofthefuture第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著调虎离山•lurethetigersothatitwillleavethemountainwhereitlives;luresomebodytoleavehisadvantageouslocationsoastooverwhelmhim第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著脍炙人口•slicedandroastmeatispleasanttoeverybody’staste;poemsandpiecesofprosearesoexcellentastopleaseeveryreader•脍炙人口中，脍是切成精细的小片的鱼肉或肉，炙是烤肉。脍炙人口为紧缩结构，字面意义是，好吃的东西人人都爱吃，多用于比喻好的诗文令大家赏心悦目。•第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著昂首阔步•marchwithheadraisedstiffly;strideproudlyahead•昂首阔步为联合结构，字面意义为，昂着头大踏步向前迈进。用时多有意气风发、斗志昂扬的意思，有时略有态度高傲的意思。•第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著半途而废•stophalfway;giveuphalfway•半途而废为偏正结构，字面意义是，走到半路上就不走了，用时多比喻做事干到一半就放弃了，含有惋惜甚至责备的意思。•第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著不学无术•oneisnotskilledwithanythingduetothefactthathedoesnotstudywell;beincompetentduetoone’signorance;incompetentandignorant•不学无术为联合结构，不学和无术间既可理解为并列关系，也可理解为因果关系。因此字面意义为，由于不学习而没有本领，也可以理解为，既没有学问也没有本领。用于他人多含贬义，用于自己多表自谦。•第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著触类旁通•knowledgeofanexampleenablesonetounderstandtherelevantcategory;comprehendsomethingbyanalogy;understandthingsofakindupontouchinganexample•触类旁通为连动结构，含有如果触类了就可以旁通的因果意义，因此，本义是接触到某一类知识，就懂得了类似的或相关的知识。用时多用本义。•第二节：成语典故、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译程永生著奋不顾身•(inchargingtheenemyoraccomplishingariskytask,)paynoattentiontoone’slifesecurity;regardlessofone’ssecurityorlife•奋不顾身为偏正结构，意思为勇往