会计学原理第19版(全英版)

©2009TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,AllRightsReservedINVESTMENTSANDINTERNATIONALOPERATIONSChapter15McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide2McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide2BASICSOFINVESTMENTS1.Companiestransferexcesscashintoinvestmentstoproducehigherincome.2.Somecompaniesaresetuptoproduceincomefrominvestments.3.Companiesmakeinvestmentsforstrategicreasons.MotivationforInvestmentsC1McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide3McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide3INVESTMENTSOFSELECTEDCOMPANIES2%19%3%27%1%4%5%16%0%10%20%30%40%GapPfizerStarbucksMicrosoftShort-TermandLong-TermInvestmentsasaPercentofTotalAssetsS-TL-TMcGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide4McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide4SHORT-TERMVERSUSLONG-TERMINVESTMENTSShort-terminvestments:aresecuritiesthatmanagementintendstoconverttocashwithoneyearortheoperatingcycle,whicheverislonger.arereadilyconvertibletocash.Long-terminvestments:•arenotreadilyconvertibletocash.•arenotintendedtobeconvertedtocashintheshortterm.•arereportedinthenoncurrentsectionofthebalancesheet,ofteninitsowncategory.C1McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide5McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide5CLASSIFICATIONANDREPORTINGHeld-To-MaturityAvailable-For-SaleSignificantInfluenceControllingInfluenceConsolidationEquityMethodMarketValueMethodTradingAmortizedCostInvestmentsinSecuritiesReportingC2McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide6McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide6ACCOUNTINGBASICSFORDEBTSECURITIESDebtsecuritiesarerecordedatcostwhenpurchased.Interestrevenueforinvestmentsindebtsecuritiesisrecordedwhenearned.OnSeptember1,2009,MusicCitypaid$29,500plusa$500brokeragefeetobuyDell’s7%,2-yearbondspayablewitha$30,000parvalue.ThebondspayinterestsemiannuallyonAugust31standFebruary28th.MusicCityplanstoholdthebonduntiltheymature(HTMsecurities).DRCRSep1Long-TermInvestment-HTM(Dell)30,000Cash30,000TorecordpurchaseofHTMinvestmentC2McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide7McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide7ACCOUNTINGBASICSFORDEBTSECURITIESLet’srecordtheinterestearnedbutnotreceivedonDecember31,2008.$30,000parvalue×7%×4/12=$700interestearned.DRCRDec31InterestReceivable700InterestRevenue700Torecordinterestearnedin2008OntheIncomeStatementfortheYear2009Interestrevenue$700OntheBalaceSheetatDecember31,2008Long-terminvestment-HTM$30,000C2McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide8McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide8ACCOUNTINGBASICSFORDEBTSECURITIESOnFebruary28th,MusicCitywillrecordthereceiptofthesemiannualinterest.Thecompany’saccountantswillmakethefollowingentry.DRCRFeb28Cash1,050InterestReceivable700InterestRevenue350Torecordinterestearnedwithfirstreceipt$30,000parvalue×7%×2/12=$350interestearned$30,000parvalue×7%×6/12=$1,050interestreceiptC2McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide9McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide9ACCOUNTINGBASICSFORDEBTSECURITIESWhenthebondsmature,MusicCitywillreceivetheamountoftheparvalueincash.Thebondshavenowbeenretired.DRCRSep1Cash30,000Long-TermInvestment-HTM(Dell)30,000TorecordrepaymentofprincipalbyDellC2McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide10McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide10ACCOUNTINGBASICSFOREQUITYSECURITIESEquitysecuritiesarerecordedatcostwhenacquired,includingcommissionsorbrokeragefeespaid.AnycashdividendsreceivedarecreditedtoDividendRevenueandreportedintheincomestatement.Whenthesecuritiesaresold,salesproceedsarecomparedwithcost,andanygainorlossisrecorded.P1McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide11McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide11ACCOUNTINGBASICSFOREQUITYSECURITIESOnOctober10,2008,MusicCitypurchases1,000sharesofIntexcommonstockfor$86,000intheopenmarket.ThesecuritiesareclassifiedbymanagementofMusicCityas“available-for-sale”(AFS).DRCROct10Long-TermInvestment-AFS(Intex)86,000Cash86,000Purchaseof1,000commonsharesofIntexP1McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide12McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide12ACCOUNTINGBASICSFOREQUITYSECURITIESOnNovember2nd,MusicCityreceivesa$1,720quarterlydividendonitsinvestmentinIntex.DRCRNov2Cash1,720DividendRevenue1,720Receiveddividendof$1.72pershareP1McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide13McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide13ACCOUNTINGBASICSFOREQUITYSECURITIESOnDecember20,MusicCitysells500sharesofIntex,intheopenmarketfor$45,000.$86,000÷1,000shares=$86.00persharecost500shares×$86=$43,000DRCRDec20Cash45,000Long-TermInvestment-AFS(Intex)43,000GainonSaleofLong-TermInvestment2,000Torecordsaleof500sharesofIntexstockP1McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide14McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide14Theentireportfoliooftradingsecuritiesisreportedatitsmarketvalue;thisrequiresa“marketadjustment”fromthecostoftheportfolioofsecurities.Anyunrealizedgainorlossfromachangeinthemarketvalueoftheportfoliooftradingsecuritiesisreportedintheincomestatement.REPORTINGOFNONINFLUENTIALINVESTMENTSTradingsecuritiesaredebtandequitysecuritiesthatthecompanyintendstoactivelymanageandtradeforprofit.Frequentpurchasesandsalesareexpected.P3McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide15McGraw-Hill/IrwinSlide15TechComPartialIncomeStatementFortheYearEndedDecember31,2008Otherincomeandexpenses:UnrealizedGain-Trading1,500$TechCom’sportfoliooftradingsecuritieshadatotalcostof$11,500,andamarketvalueof$13,000,onDecember31,2008,thefirstyearthesecuritieswereheld.The$1,500differencebetweencostof$11,500andmarketvalueof$13,000isanunrealizedgain.VALUINGANDREPORTINGTRADINGSECURITIESTechComPartialBalanceSheetDecember31,2008CurrentAssetsShort-terminvestments-Trading11,500$Marketadjustment-Trading1,500Short-terminvestmentatm