虚拟语气讲解

虚拟语气一．虚拟语气在条件语句中的用法1.真实条件句（有可能实现的）IfIhavetime,I’llcomeovertoseeyou.2.虚拟条件句（不可能或不大可能发生的）（1）对现在情况的虚拟条件句一般过去时主句would/should/might/could+动原IfIwereyou,Iwouldchoosetoworkinasmalltown.（2）对过去情况的虚拟条件句过去完成时主句would/should/might/could+have+过完Ifyouhadcomeyesterday,youwouldhavemetGeorgia.（3）对将来情况的虚拟条件句shoulddo动词过去式weretodo主句would/should/might/could+动原Ifyoushouldhaveanydifficultyingettingtheinformation,youcouldcomedirectlytomyoffice.Ifitsnowedtomorrow,ourplanwouldbepostponed.IfIweretodothejob,Iwoulddoitinadifferentway.（4）错综时间条件句Ifithadrainedlastnight,itmightbeverycoldtoday.Ifsheweretoleave,Iwouldhaveheardaboutit.（5）含蓄条件句WithoutButforWithWithoutelectricity,theworldwouldbedark.*虚拟条件句中有had,should,were时，去if，提前had…Weretimetogoback,Iwouldworkdoublehard.HadIworkedhard,Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded.Shoulditbefinetomorrow,wewouldgoforanouting.二．虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法1.宾语从句中的虚拟语气（1）wish同虚拟条件句（2）wouldrather现在/将来一般过去时过去过去完成时Iwouldratheryoudidn’tsmoke.Iwouldratheryoutoldmethetruth.I’dratheryouhadn’tletoutthesecret.（3）表示“建议、命令、要求、坚决做”等动词后的宾语从句(should+[B])动词原形[A]“决定、主张”decide,insist,persist“建议、要求、命令”demand,desire,require,propose,suggest,command,order,recommendIsuggestyou(should)haveenoughsleep.Irecommendeveryone(should)attendtheparty.*suggest“暗示，表明”insist“坚持说/认为”时陈述语气2.主语从句中的虚拟语气在以下三种结构的主语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。（1）Itisimportant(necessary,appropriate,proper,right,essential,vital,etc.)that…Itisimportantthatwe(should)thinkbeforewedecide.（2）Itis/wasunnatural(unthinkable,strange,surprising,dreadful,asurprise,etc.)that…Itisstrangethathe(should)besorude.Itissurprisingthathe(should)reactsoquickly.（3）Itis/wassuggested(requested,required,ordered,proposed,decided,etc.)that…Itisproposedthattheplan(should)bedelayed.3.表语从句中的虚拟语气（1）asif,asthough同虚拟条件句*可引导事实或很可能是事实的从句Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.Itseemsasiftheboyhaslosthisway.（2）与表示“决定、主张、建议、要求、命令”的动词相对应的名词，如“suggestion,proposal,advice,demand,order,requirement”等作为主语时，其后的表语从句中常用“（should+）动词原形”结构。Ourdecisionisthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.4.同位语从句中的虚拟语气与表示“决定、主张、建议、要求、命令”的动词相对应的名词，如“suggestion,proposal,advice,demand,order,requirement”等后的同位语从句中常用“（should+）动词原形”结构。Doctorsgiveussomeadvicethatwe(should)paymoreattentiontoourhealth.三.虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法1.用于asif/asthough引导的方式状语从句中表示与事实相反的情况Theytalkedasiftheyhadmetbefore.2.用于目的状语从句中引导短语为inorderthat,sothat,forfearthat,incase,lest等，从句中谓语动词形式为“should(may,might,can,could,would等)+动词原形”。Bringsomemoneyincaseyoumightuseitlater.四.虚拟语气的其他用法1.表示祝愿（多用动词原形）Longlivepeace!Sobeit!Maygodblessyou!2.Itis(high)timethat…句型多用一般过去时时而should+动词原形Itistimewestartedoff.It’shightimewehadarest.3.ifonly句型用法同wishIfonlyshewouldlistentomecarefully.