建筑施工风险管理与防范措施

西安石油大学本科毕业论文（论文）I建筑施工风险管理与防范措施摘要：本文以建筑施工过程中的安全风险为研究对象，将风险管理的理念引入现行的建筑施工安全管理工作中，以便能更好地对施工项目的安全进行管理。由于现行的施工安全管理是对每一个安全隐患进行平行的管理，对于安全危险并没有风险高低的区分，以至于经验不足，项目管理人员没有足够的精力放在存在有高风险的安全隐约的清查与处理上。这往往就会导致重大事故的发生，对人命与财产造成巨大损失。本文首先分别从风险的定义、特征及分类、风险管理的定义、产生和发展、建筑施工安全管理实行风险管理的重要意义及风险管理模型系统建立的过程和方法等几方面介绍了风险管理的基本内容。其次分析了建筑施工安全风险因素，总结了建筑施工安全风险的类型即危险源，建立了建筑施工安全风险识别子系统的风险管理模型，提出了建筑施工安全风险（危险源）的识别方法，并根据工程类型、施工阶段和危险源分布范围，逐项识别出了建筑施工工地常见的危险源。再次对建筑施工安全风险进行了不安全因素的分析，总结了建筑施工安全风险的基本评价方法，重点介绍了LEC评价法，最后建立了施工安全风险评价模型。最后本文论述了建筑施工安全的风险控制的原则、基本方法、重大危险源的防治及风险控制的具体措施，提出了实施建筑施工安全管理模式的创新要求。关键词：建筑施工；风险管理；防范措施西安石油大学本科毕业论文（论文）IIConstructionriskmanagementandpreventivemeasuresABSTRACT:Thisresearchtopicstartsconstructiontothebuildingprocessinthesaferiskcarriesontheresearch,leadtheprinciplethatriskmanageintothecurrentbuildingstartconstructionthesafetymanagementwork,inordertocancarryonthemanagementtothesafetyoftheconstructionitembitterly.Becausethecurrentconstructionsafetymanagementisambiguoustocarryontheparallelmanagementtoeachsafety,havingnohighandlowdistinctionofriskforthesafedanger,withasfortheexperienceshortage,itemthemanagerhasnoenoughenergytoputinthesafetythatexisttohavethehighriskcheckingambiguouslywithhandle。Thisusuallywillcausetheoccurrenceoftheimportanttrouble;resultinthehugelosstothehumanlifeandproperty.First.Distinguishfromtheriskofthedefinition,creationanddevelopmentsofthedefinition,characteristicandclassification,theriskmanagement,thesafemanagementofconstructionofbuildingpracticetheimportantmeaningandrisksthatriskmanagementtheseveralaspectssuchasprocessandmethodetc.thatthemodelsystemestablishmentintroducedtheriskmanagementofbasiccontents.Second.Analyzingthebuildingtostartconstructionsaferiskfactor,talliedupthebuildingtostartconstructionsaferiskofnamelydangeroussourceoftype,builtupthebuildingtostartconstructionthesaferiskidentifiestheriskmanagementmodelofthesub-system,puttingforwardthebuildingtostartconstructionthesaferisk(dangeroussource)identifiesthemethod,anddistributethescopeaccordingtotheengineeringtype,theconstructionstageanddangeroussource,pursuingtheitemtoidentifyfamiliaranddangeroussourceofthebuildingconstructionworkplace.Third.Startsconstructiontothebuildingthesaferiskcarriedontheanalysisoftheinsecurityfactor,tallyingupthebuildingtostartconstructionthebasicevaluationmethodofthesaferisk,thepointintroducedtheLECevaluationmethod,buildinguptostartconstructionfinallythesaferiskevaluationmode.Last.Discussthepreventionandcureoftheprinciple,basicmethod,importantanddangeroussourceandconcretemeasureoftheriskcontrolsoftheriskcontrolthatdiscussedthebuildingconstructionsafety.Putforwardtheimplementbuildingtheconstructionsafetymanagesthemodeofcreativerequest.Keywords：buildingconstruction；riskmanagement；preventivemeasures西安石油大学本科毕业论文（论文）III目录1绪论............................................................................................................................11.1课题的背景...................................................................................................11.2课题的意义...................................................................................................11.3国内外风险管理研究状况...........................................................................21.4本文的主要内容..........................................................................................32企业风险管理理论概述............................................................................................42.1风险的定义、特征及分类...........................................................................42.2风险管理的定义、产生和发展...................................................................52.3建筑施工实行风险管理的重要意义...........................................................62.4风险管理模型系统建立的过程和方法.......................................................72.4.1风险识别与预测...................................................................................82.4.2风险评估与分析.................................................................................112.4.3风险处置.............................................................................................133建筑施工安全的风险识别......................................................................................163.1建筑施工安全风险因素.............................................................................163.2建筑施工安全风险的识别方法.................................................................173.2.1建筑施工安全风险识别子系统风险管理模型.................................173.2.2建筑施工安全风险（危险源）识别具体方法.................................193.2.3建筑施工安全风险识别结果.............................................................193.3建筑施工安全风险的类型(危险源)...........................................................203.3.1施工场所重大危险源.........................................................................203.3.2施工场所及周围地段重大危险源.....................................................214建筑施工安全的风险分析及评价..........................................................................224.1建筑施工安全风险分析.............................................................................224.1.1人的不安全因素...........................................................................