2016宾语从句精讲

襄阳市第四十四中学卢珍珍九年级英语宾语从句2011人教版语法专项------ObjectClause宾语从句从句的概念句子成分（主谓宾定状补）通常都是单词，这样的句子叫简单句。eg：IloveEnglishverymuch.（我非常喜欢英语。）如果句子里用另一个句子做句子成分，那就是一个复杂句，而做成分的句子叫做从句。eg：IknowthatEnglishisnoteasyforsomeofyoutolearnwell.(我知道学好英语对于你们中的一些人不容易。)Wealllikepeoplewhoarekindandhonest.(我们都喜欢那些善良诚实的人。)YoucanlearnEnglishwellaslongasyouworkhard.(只要你努力学习，你就可以学好英语。)一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句即一个句子在另一个句子中作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语)Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）IknowMrLiteachesEnglish.(句子作宾语）宾语从句的句子结构：主语+谓语+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句在宾语从句后的括号内打√，并分析宾语从句的成分。eg：Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious！（√）主句的主语：I谓语：think连接词：that宾语从句：mooncakesaredelicious1.Billthinksthattheraceswerenotthatinterestingtowatch.()2.Billwonderswhetherthey‘llhavezongziagainnextyear.()3.Theycarrypeople’swishestothefamiliestheyloveandmiss.()4.HewarnsScroogetochangehiswaysifhedoes'twanttoenduplikehim.()√√二、宾语从句三要素连接词时态语序（从句中的语序）（主句和从句中的时态）1.that(that在句子中没有意思，往往可以省去，从句是个陈述句。)2.whether/if（whether和if引导的句子，从句是个一般疑问句，翻译为“是否”。）3.连接代词（从句是个特殊疑问句）whowhomwhosewhatwhich4.连接副词（从句是个特殊疑问句）whenwhywherehow（一）连接词注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略e.g.1.Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小时后他会回来）2.Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我们）3.Theteachertoldus(that)___________________________.（地球围着太阳转）hewillbebackinanhourhemissedusverymuchtheearthmovesaroundthesun注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时e.g.1.Askhim_____________________.（他是否能来）2.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否要下雨）whether(if)hecancomewhetheritisgoingtorainornot当句末为ornot时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.只能用whether而不能用if的情况1.Idon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.2.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.3.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.4.____hewillcomeisnotdecided.与ornot连用只能用whether介词后只能用whether与todo不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用whetherwhenwe’llhaveameetingwhereheishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislatewhocouldanswerthequestion1.Heasked__________________________.(谁能回答这个问题）2.Doyouknow_________________________.（他们在等谁）3.Pleasetellme_______________________.（我们什么时候开会）4.Canyoutellme_______________.（他在哪儿）5.Couldyoutellme______________________.（我该怎么去车站）6.Wouldyoutellme_________________（为什么火车迟到了）whomtheyarewaitingfor一.选择合适的连接词1Idon’tknow___________ornot.A.whetherheisathomeB.ifheisathomeC.thatheisathomeD.whetherisheathome2Thisdependson_________theweatherisfine.A.whichB.whetherC.ifD.that3Theteacheraskedthenewstudent________classhewasin.A.whichB.whereC.ifD.thatABA4Idon’tknow________Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.He’llhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where5Becareful!Don’tbreakthebottles.Doyouhear______Isaid?David?Yes,MumA.whatB.thatC.whyD.if6Doyouknow_______Mr.Black’saddressis?HemayliveatNO.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I’mnotsureof______.A.where,whichB.where,whatC.what,whichD.what,whereBAC7Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow_____.A.whatshouldIchooseB.whichIshouldchooseC.whichshouldIchooseD.whatIshouldchooseB二.将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyousayatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillsayatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.1.当陈述句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+that+主语+谓语部分2.当一般疑问句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+if(whether)+主语+谓语部分3.当特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+特殊疑问词+主语+谓语部分宾语从句引导词小结Thankyou,goodbye!二.宾语从句的语序和时态1.在宾语从句中，从句的语序一定是陈述的eg：Iwonderwhetherornothewillcometomorrow.我想知道他明天是否会来。Wethinkthatmooncakesaredelicious.我们认为月饼很美味。Ireallywanttoknowwhenwewillgettotheairport.我真的很想知道我们什么时候能到达飞机场。从句中的语序：连接词+主语+谓语+宾语+其它成分(连接词在从句中充当主语除外)Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.2.宾语从句中的时态1.当主句是现在时或将来时的时候，宾语从句可以用所需要的任何时态。eg:Weknow(that)Mrs.ChenteachesEnglish.2．主句是过去时，宾语从句一般只能用过去时的某种eg:Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.3.当从句叙述的是客观事实或一般真理时，宾语从句仍然用现在时态。eg:Hetoldtheboythatthreeplusoneisfour.类型一：语序1.Didyoufindout______?A.shewaslookingforwhosechildB.whosechildwasshelookingforC.whosechildsheislookingforD.whosechildshewaslookingfor2.Areyouinterestedin_____?A.howdidhedoitB.hedidithowC.howhediditD.hehowdidit3.Idon’tknow_____.Canyoutellme?A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayersC.thetwoplayersarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersareDCB4.Whatdidthescientistsay?Hesaidhewonderedif_____intospacebyspaceshiponeday.A.hehadtoflyB.hecouldflyC.canheflyD.couldhefly5.Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme____?A.WherethebanknearestB.whereisthenearestbankC.wherethenearestbankisD.thenearestbankiswhere6.Ihearwe’llhaveanewteacherthisterm.Really?Doyouknow____________________?A.whatsubjectdoesheteachB.Whatsubjectwillheteach?C.whatsubjectishegoingtoteachD.whatsubjectheteachesBCD类型二：时态1.It’s7:30.Ican’tbelieveyou___cookingdinneryet,Sally.A.haven’tstartedB.didn’tC.don’tstartD.hadn’tstarted2.TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25th____Chri