考研英语背景词汇

1Unitl科普类accesstime存取时间anti-virusprograms杀毒软件assembler汇编程序barcode条形码beeper传呼机bufferstorage缓冲存储器callinstruction呼叫指令cellular手机comsat通讯卫星cordlesstelephone无绳电话cursor光标cybercrimes网上犯罪cyberspace电脑空间，网络世界desktop台式计算机digitaltelevision数字电视electroniccontrol电子控制electronichearingaid电子助听器encryption加密fast-forward(放录像带等时的快进)fiberoptictechnology光纤技术firewall防火墙flatpaneldisplay平板显示技术floppydisk软盘geneticengineering基因工程hacker黑客identifier标识符intelligentsystem智能系统intranet内联网IT-industry信息产业jumbotran(电视机的)超大屏幕know-how(技术)诀窍laser激光long-distanceeducationalsystem远程教育系统microprocessor微处理机minicomputer小型计算机modem调制解调器multimedia多媒体multimedialearningsystem多媒体学习系统netsurfed网虫on-1ineservice网上服务palmtop(：PDA)掌上电脑password．PIN(：personalidentificationnumber)密码2portable便携式计算机snooper窥探者softwarepackage软件包solarcollector太阳能收集器terminal终端设备videocamera摄像机videodisc影碟workstation计算机工作站xerox静电复印Y2kbug千年虫zip-code邮政编码Unit2经济管理类activetradebalance贸易顺差adversetradebalance贸易逆差appropriate拨款auditor审计员。查帐员balancesheet资产负债表bargain减价出售的商品，便宜货hoard0fdirectors董事会bond债券bottomline盈亏表brisk(生意)兴隆bubbleeconomy泡沫经济budget预算businessrestructuring商业重组capital资本cargomanifest货物清单commoditiesfair商品展销会confiscate没收corporation公司，股份有限公司counteroffer还价creditor债权人customs海关dealer商人，贩子，证券经纪人deficit赤字，亏空deflationarypolicy紧缩银根政策demandsandsupplies供需depreciation贬值depression经济萧条期divided红利．股利domesticmarket国内市场duty-free免税economicdecline经济衰退3economicfluctuation经济波动economicrecovery经济复苏economicstability经济稳定economicstrategy经济战略economist经济学家enterpriseinthered亏损企业entrepreneur企业家，中间商executivedirector常务董事export．orientedeconomy外向型经济fakeandpoorqualitycommodities假冒伪劣产品fiercecompetition激烈的竞争fluctuation波动GDP国内生产总值GNP(grossnationalproduct)国民生产总值headoffice总部humanresources人力资源incometax所得税inflation通货膨胀installment分期付款interestrate利率investment投资，投资额invoice发票laborandmanagement劳资双方laborforce劳动力largescaledevelopmentofWestChina大规模妁西部开发levy征(税)limitedliabilitycompany有限责任公司macroeconomics宏观经济学market-orientedeconomy市场经济marketresearch市场调研merger合并公司monetary货币的monopoly垄断mortgage抵押．抵押货款most-favorednationtreatment最惠国待遇multinational多国经营的，跨国经营的multinationalcorporations跨国公司negotiation谈判；洽谈patentsystem专利制度patron老主顾plannedeconomy计划经济potentialmarket市场潜力pricehike物价上涨4principal本金Privateenterprise私人企业Privateproperty私人财产productivity生产率productivityrevolution生产力革命profitable赢利的promotion促销propertytax财产税publicfunding公共基金recession衰退reckoning结账retail零售revenue财政收入，税收security证券self-faisedfunds自筹资金slack不景气smuggle走私socialsecurity社会保障(制度)softinvestmentenvironment投资软环境speculation投机倒把staffmembers职员stagnant(经济)停滞，不发展stampduty印花税statistical统计的stock现货，股票。公债stockbroker股票，证券经纪人stockholder股东；股票持有人strategic战略的surplus赢余tariff(进口)关税taxbreak税额优惠taxpayer纳税人teller(=cashier)出纳员trade、^rind贸易风transaction交易；买卖trust信托wholesale批发Unit3政治与法律类accusation控告acquit宣判无罪amend修正amnesty特赦appeal上诉5apprehend拘押，逮捕arbitration仲裁，调停armedconflicts武装冲突attorney律师authorize授权autonomous自治的bilateraltalks双边会淡civillaw民法code法规，法典confinement关押，禁闭congressman国会议员conspiracy阴谋constitution宪法consul领事convict宣判有罪court法院courtofappeal中级法院custody拘留criminallaw刑法decree法令defendant被告defender辩护人defuse缓合，平息despot独裁者disarmament解除武装enforce实施，使生效establishedinternationalpractice国际惯例federalgovernment联邦政府hierarchy等级制度humanitarianaid人道主义援助illicit非法的indemnity赔偿institution制度intellectualproperty．right知识产权interimgovernment过渡政府jointdeclaration联合声明judicial司法的judiciary司法部jury陪审团lawsuit诉讼legalliability法律义务legislation立法legislative立法的6legislature立法机构legitimate合法的litigant诉讼当事人litigation诉讼municipal市政的offense犯罪parliament议会pending未决的petition请愿plaintiff(民事)原告plead申诉，辩护probation缓刑．察看publicprosecutor检查官reconciliation和解repatriate遣返Representative众议院议员ruling(法官等)裁定secretary部长senate参议院senator参议员sovereignty主权statute成文法stipulation条文，规定subpoena传票suit起诉suitor(刑事)原告summitmeeting首脑会议峰会terroristattack恐怖袭击terroristorganizations恐怖组织TheCapitol国会大厦theHouseofRepresentative下议院ThePentagon国防大楼theSenate上议院undersecretary次长usurpation篡夺verdict(陪审团)裁定violation违犯Unit4医学与健康类abortion人工流产acupuncture针刺医疗法amnesia(医)记忆缺失，遗忘(症)anatomical解剖学的；解剖的anesthetic麻醉剂7anti-aging抗衰老antibiotic抗生素antibody抗体antidote解毒药antitumordrug抗肿瘤药；抗癌药antiviral抗病毒药arthritis关节炎asthma气喘，哮喘asylum精神病院bacteria缅菌biomedical生物医学的carcinogen致癌物cellmembrane细胞膜cellular细胞的，由细胞组成的cellulose纤维素CentersforDiseaseControl疾病控制中心cholera霍乱cholesterol胆固醇chromosome染色体clinical临床的clone无性繁殖系，克隆coma昏厥contagion接触传染comea角膜dehydrate(使)脱水diagnose诊断diarrhea泻肚enzyme酶epidemic流行病euthanasia安乐死excretion排泄，排泄物genemutation(基因)突变genepool基因库geneticengineering基因工程genomic染色体的glucose葡萄糖healthyDietPyramid呈金字塔状的健康饮食heartattack心力衰竭，心脏病发作heterosexual异性恋的HIV—positive艾滋病测试阳性homosexual同性恋的hormone激素hygiene卫生，卫生学8hypertension高血压hypnosis催眠术1CU(IntensiveCareUnit)重症监护室immunize获得免疫力incidence发病率inflammation炎症inoculation接种，预防注射insane精神病患者的，精神病的insomnia失眠(症)latencyperiod潜伏期leukemia白血病malaria疟疾malignant恶性measles麻疹medication添加药物，药物治疗metabolism新陈代谢mother-to-fetustransmission母婴传播multiply繁殖mutate变异．突变nauseate呕吐neurological神经病学的obesity过度肥胖，肥大ointment药膏organtransplanting器官移植paralysis瘫痪physician内科医生plague鼠疫。瘟疫potency药力prescription药方，处方(的药)preventive预防性的psychiatrist精神病医生reha