英语专业综英6-unit-14-where-I-lived,-and-what-I-lived-fo

Unit14TextIIWhereILived,andWhatILivefor----ByHenryThoreauHenryDavidThoreau(July12,1817–May6,1862)wasanAmericanauthor,poet,philosopher,abolitionist,naturalist,taxresister,developmentcritic,surveyor,historian，andaleadingtranscendentalist.AbouttheauthorThoreauisbestknownforhisbookWalden.AboutWaldenWaldenisareflectionuponsimplelivinginnaturalsurroundings.Theworkispartpersonaldeclarationofindependence,socialexperiment,voyageofspiritualdiscovery,satire,andmanualforself-reliance.Firstpublishedin1854,itdetailsThoreau'sexperiencesoverthecourseoftwoyears,twomonths,andtwodaysinacabinhebuiltnearWaldenPond,amidstwoodlandownedbyhisfriendandmentorRalphWaldoEmerson,nearConcord,Massachusetts.Thebookcompressesthetimeintoasinglecalendaryearandusespassagesoffourseasonstosymbolizehumandevelopment.Byimmersinghimselfinnature,Thoreauhopedtogainamoreobjectiveunderstandingofsocietythroughpersonalintrospection.Simplelivingandself-sufficiencywereThoreau'sothergoals,andthewholeprojectwasinspiredbytranscendentalistphilosophy,acentralthemeoftheAmericanRomanticPeriod.AsThoreaumadeclearinhisbook,hiscabinwasnotinwildernessbutattheedgeoftown,abouttwomiles(3km)fromhisfamilyhome.WhereILived,andWhatILivedforQ:Wheredoyouwanttolive?Andwhatdoyoulivefor?VocabularyandTextComprehensionParagraph1Discoursev.TotalkorgivealongspeechaboutsththatyouknowalotaboutitDeedn.Alegaldocumentthatyousign,esp.onethatprovesthatyouownahouseorabuildingDearlyadv.VerymuchOrchardn.Apieceofland,normallyseparatedfromthesurroundingarea,inwhichfruitstreesaregrownWhenceadv.(olduse)fromwhereBlastv.[usu.passive]todestroysthsuchasaplantwithdisease,cold,heat,etc.Fallowadj.(offarmland)notusedforgrowingcrops,espsothatthequalityofthelandwillimprovePerchanceadv.(olduse)perhaps1.….tookhiswordforhisdeed,forIdearlylovetotalk—cultivatedit,andhimtootosomeextent,Itrust,….2.Whatisahousebutasedes,aseat?—betterifacountryseat.3.Buffetthewinterthrough4.Thefutureinhabitantsofthisregion,wherevertheymayplacetheirhouses,maybesurethattheyhavebeenanticipated.ParaphrasethefollowingsentencesandphrasesWheelbaarrown.AlargeopencontainerwithawheelandtwohandlesthatyouuseoutsidetocarrythingsArithmetic[U]Thetypeofmathematicsthatdealswiththeadding,multiplying,etc.ofnumbersParagraph2Paraphrasethefollowingsentences1.Now,tospeakthetruth,Ihadbuttencentsintheworld,anditsurpassedmyarithmetictotell,ifIwasthatmanwhohadtencents,orwhohadafarm,ortendollars,oralltogether.2.ButIretainedthelandscape,….Paragraph3Crustyadj.(infml.)bad-tempered,easilyirritatedWhyexclamation(old-fashionedorNAmE)usedtoexpresssurprise,lackofpatience,etc.Eg.WhyJane,it’syou!嗨简，是你呀！Impoundv.Totakesthawayfromsb,sothattheycannotuseitMilkv.(disap.)toobtainasmuchmoney,advantage,etc.foryourselfasyoucan,fromaparticularsituation,espinadishonestwaySkimv.Toremovefat,cream,etc.fromthesurfaceofaliquidParagraph4Occupantn.Apersonwholivesinaparticularhouse,room,building,etc.Lichenn.Averysmallgreyandyellowplantthatspreadsoverthesurfaceofrocks,wallsandtreesanddoesnothaveanyflowersRecollectionn.memoryUnmolestedadj.(fml)notdisturbedorattackedbysb;notpreventedfromdoingsthButitturnedoutasIhavesaid.ParaphrasethefollowingsentencesandphrasesParagraph5and6Paraphrasethefollowingsentences1.….Ihadhadmyseedsready.Manythinkthatseedsimprovewithage.2.Itmakesbutlittledifferencewhetheryouarecommittedtoafarmorthecountyjail.3.Whenyouthinkofgettingafarmturnitthusinyourmind,nottobuygreedily;norspareyourpainstolookatit,anddonotthinkitenoughtogorounditonce.Theofteneryougotherethemoreitwillpleaseyou,ifitisgood.1.Whatdoestheauthormeanwhenhesays“...Ihadbeenarichmanwithoutanydamagetomypoverty”?(Paragraph2)QuestionsfordiscussionThe“walltheory”isamodeloffriendshipreferredtobyMargaretPusch,PresidentoftheNationalAssociationofInternationalEducators.Itdescribestwopatternsoffriendship:oneAmericanandonefoundinmanyothercountries.TheAmericanpatternworksthisway:Americansareinitiallyveryfriendlyandopen,i.e.,thefirstwallisverylow,butwiththepassageoftime,thewallsbecomehigherandhigherbeforeonereachesthestageofagoodfriendship.Theoppositeistrueofthatofmanyothercountries.2.Whatdoestheauthormeanwhenhesaysthat“apoet...gotallthecream,andleftthefarmeronlytheskimmedmilk”?(Paragraph3)Whatthepoetlovesaboutthefarmisitslandscapeandthepoeticinspirationsthathecanextractfromit.Afterhehasgotallthathewants,i.e.the“cream”orthespiritualpartofit,hewithdraws,leavingbehindonlythematerialpartofit,i.e.“theskimmedmilk,”whichisallthat“thecrustyfarmer”cansee.3.Istheauthortalkingabouttheseedsofplantsonlyoralsoabouttheseedsofideaswhenhesays“...Ihadhadmyseedsready”?(Paragraph5)Heretheauthorismainlytalkingabouttheseedsofideas,forheisnotcommittedtoanyfarm.Hechosetoliveonafarmforthesakeofsolitude,contemplation,andclosenesstonatureandtotranscendthe“desperate”existencethat,accordingtohim,isthelotofmostpeople.HedidnotseemtobepreparedtobeafarmerthoughhedidsomefarmingworkwhilelivingnearWaldenPond.4.What,intheauthor’sopinion,istheeffectoftheactualpossessionofacertainpropertyonman?DiscussitinrelationtoE.M.Forster’sopinioninUnit11.InUnit11E.M.Foste