英语专八听力技巧

CoursePlanFirsttime:pronunciationandsomeexerciseSecondtime:note-takingskillsandmini-lectureThirdtime:conversationorinterviewFourthtime:NewsreportandamodeltestFifthtime:teststrategiesTherearesomeexercisesfollowedeverylecture.TEM8LISTENINGPRONUNCIATIONSTAIRCASEINTONATIONDonotspeakwordbyword!ConnectwordstoformsoundgroupsUsestaircaseintonation—Anounwouldstartanewstaircasewhenwewanttoemphasizethisinformation。Whatisstaircaseintonation?Nounsarealwaysonthetopofthestaircases.Pronounsarealwaysonthebottomofthestaircasesalongwithastressofaverb.Inastatement,nounswouldbeatthesameheightasthepronouns,whileinaquestion,nounswouldtakeamoreimportantplacethanotherwords.Inemotionalorrhetoricalquestions,nounsarealwaysonthetopofthestaircasewitharisingintonation.SpellingsandnumbersForabbreviation,thelastlettershouldnotbereducedbutstressed.---IBMForwordspellings,thelastletteralsoshouldbestressed.---WilsonFornumbersareacode:0086zipcode:410082date:4/1/08phonenumber:0800-799-490DistinctivesoundsThevowelsounds“A”instressedclosedsyllableswouldsoundlike/æ/inAmericanaccent.Ican’tdance,butyoucan.Let’slistenandread:“O”inastressedclosedsyllablewouldsoundlike/ä/inAmericanaccent.It’sveryhothere.Let’slistenandread:Theschwa/ə/Amid-centralneutralvowel,typicallyoccurringinunstressedsyllables,asthefinalvowelofEnglishsofa.Alsocalledindeterminatevowel.WehavetotalkthroughourteethfromfarbackinourthroatwhenspeakinginAmericanaccentinsteadofmovingourlipsmuch.Let’slistenandread:TheLsoundThedifferenceamongT/Dplosive,Nnasal,andLlateral.Readaftertherecording.FinalLwithschwaManyfinalLsFinalLpracticeLet’slistenandread:TheAmericanTAtthetopofastaircase,TispronouncedT.Inthemiddleofastaircase,itispronouncedasD.Atthebottomofastaircase,itisn’tpronouncedatall.TisheldbeforeNin–tainand–tenendings.TissilentafterNwithlaxvowels.WordconnectionrulesConsonant–vowelConsonant–consonantVowel–vowelT,D,SorZ+YT+Y=CHD+Y=JS+Y=SHZ+Y=ZHLET’SPRACTICE!CommonreductionUnstressedpronounsHandTHsoundsinunstressedpronounsareoftendropped.TagendingsWithaquery,theintonationrises.Withconfirmation,theintonationdrops.ReducingarticlesSqueezedoutsyllablesCommonlyreducedsoundsTherearealotofcommonlyreducedsoundsinAmericanaccent.Whileyou’relisteningtothefollowingpartsoftherecordingandrepeat.To/at/it/for/from/in/an/and/or/are/your/one/the/a/of/can/had/would/was/what/someMostofthevowelslike/æ/,/a:/,etc.wouldbereducedinto/ə/Tem8listeningNote-takingskills&Mini-LectureShortFormStrategyTrainingntk-g(sht)--note-taking(shortform)–Shortformnote-takingmethodsThefollowingarefivemostfrequentlyusedwaysofshorthandwriting.sylb[syllable]cnsnt(-vwl)[consonants(novowels)]end-g[endings]symb[symbols]stndabbr[standardabbreviations]Tryoutallthedifferentwayscarefullytogetanideaofshortformnotes.Keepinmindthatyoushoulddevelopashortformwritingsystemofyourown.常用的符号+:many,lotsof,agreatdealof,agoodmanyof,etc.++(+2)more+3most－:little,few,lack,inshortof/beinshortageofetc.×：wrong/incorrect，somethingbad，notorious，negative,etc.表示多于概念：bigger/larger/greater/morethan/betterthan,etc.表示高概念：superiorto，surpass,etc.表示少于概念：less/smaller，etc.表示低概念：inferiorto，etc.=表示同等概念：means，thatistosay，inotherwords，thesameas，beequalto,etc.表示对手概念：amatch,rival,competitor,counterpart,etc.()表示在......之间：among,within,etc.≠表示不同概念：bedifferentfrom,etc.表示无敌概念：matchless,peerless,etc.～表示大约概念：about/around，orso，approximately,etc./表示否定，消除等概念：crossout,eliminate,etc.-ism：msocialismSm-tion：nstandardization(标准化)stdn-cian简简写为o例如：techniciantecho-ing简写为g例如：marketing(市场营销)MKTg-ed简写为d例如：acceptedacptd-able/ible/ble简写为bl例如：availableavbl-ment简写为mt例如：amendmentamdmt-ize简写为z例如：recognizeregz-ful简写为fl例如：meaningfulmnflMini-Lectureandgap-filling要求先听一篇900-1000个单词左右的讲座，约7-8分钟，边听边做笔记，讲座完了之后整理笔记两分钟，然后发答卷，用十分钟的时间完成10个空格的填空任务。讲座的内容很广泛，但是学术性比较强，使用的语言比较规范，虽然会出现一些专有名词和术语，但是一般不会影响理解。讲座的整体结构很分明，逻辑性强，信息词连接词出现频繁，一旦掌握了逻辑思路，就比较容易提高做题的正确率。常考的题型和解决方法细节题：常常出现在举例、解决方法等细节性的题中。要点题：一般是讲座的提纲性内容或者框架。推断题、归纳总结题：考查理解能力和语言应用能力。一般要根据笔记和记忆中的细节内容来推出答案。这类型的题只要符合原文含义、语法上正确就OK。平时训练方法听懂主题理清逻辑顺序，有选择的记笔记，而不是什么都记。注意讲座的开头，一般讲座都会开门见山指出主题和分几点做出分析。决定如何利用草稿纸提高长时间记忆力a.目的性记忆b.复述记忆c.关键词句记忆提高记笔记能力a.把握讲座的结构：垂直或阶梯式，要留空间。b.了解出题意图：一般细节题会占5分左右；但要注意词性的转换、思维角度的转换TEM8LISTENINGCOMPREHENSIONINTERVIEWORCONVERSATION选材特点此部分的听力材料是一篇800-900词的对话或者访谈，语速在160词/分钟。大概6分钟左右。在98-08年的专八考试中，有8篇是人物访谈，其他3篇是比较零散的对话。材料涉及专业化的知识介绍，语言则趋于口语化。题目和选项都会在试题册上写出，共5题。常考的题型受访者或对话人的身份：抓住细节，合理分析。受访者或对话人的行为：正面询问题（很少出现）；反面询问（排除干扰找出答案）受访者或对话人的态度：没有直接的答案，需要一定的推理分析能力。出现频率相当高。注意说话人的语气，以及体现态度的词汇：calmandquiet/nervousandnumb/timidandconfused/shockedandangry/uncaring/strict/affectionate/permissive/amusement/disbelief/ecstasy/delight/supportive/negative/ambiguous/cautious/reserved/prejudiced/polite/prudent/frustration/haunted/confidentbutmoody/successfulyetunsatisfied/anger/sadness/help/noeffect/positive/neutral/willingandready/mildlyeager/abitsurprised/veryreluctant/stronglyinfavorof(against)/mildlyinfavorof(against)/细节题：一般询问时间，地点，事件，原因等等。注意不要太浮躁，特别是在题目中有NOT,BUT,EXCEPT/INCORRECT等词的时候，一定要排除干扰。总结题：一般会出现MAIN,CONCLUDE等词。要注