浙江大学出版社当代高职高专英语第一册第三单元课件

UnitThreeTravelUnit3TravelCONTENTS25143ListeningandSpeakingReadingTranslationandWritingFurtherDevelopmentGrammarTextSummaryPreviewWriting(2)Speaking(1)ListeningPartOne(1)StrongForms(2)Conversations(3)Passage预习小结导入写作TextSummaryPreviewWritingActivity1StrongFormsDirections:Inthispartyouwillhear10sentences.Listencarefullytwiceandrecognizethestrongformsofwords.Repeatwhatyouhaveheardandunderlinethewordsthathavestrongforms.StrongForms&WeakFormsDefinition:Strongformsandweakformsaretwodifferentwaysofpronouncingtheword.Compare:‘Lookatme.Lookat‘me.TheImportanceofLearningWeakForms•TworeasonsaresaidtobemostimportantinlearningtousetheweakformsinEnglish.•Firstly,mostnativespeakersofEnglishfindan“all-strongform”pronunciationveryunpleasant.•Secondly,learnerswhoarenotfamiliarwiththeuseofweakformsarelikelytohavedifficultyunderstandingnativespeakers.InformationWordsvs.FunctionWordsInformationWords:Nouns,verbs,adjectives,andadverbsgivinginformationaboutwho,what,when,where,why,howexpressingthemainideaorcontentofthephraseorsentence.FunctionWords:Articles,pronouns,possessives(所有格形容词/代词/形式),prepositions,auxiliaryverbs,andconjunctionsconnectingtheinformationwordstoformgrammaticalsentences.InformationWords&FunctionWordsInformationWordsNounsVerbsAdjectivesAdverbsFunctionWordsArticlesPrepositionsAuxiliaryVerbsConjunctionsPossessivesPronounsExampleofWeakFormWords•1.Reducedvowelsoundsto/ə/:at→/ət/.had→/həd/.must→/məst/.•2.Shortensomelongsound:be→/bi/.been→/bin/.•3.Leaveonevowelsoundout:am→/m/.has→/z/.have→/v/.•4.Omitsomeconsonants[‘kɔnsənənt]and→/ən/.have→/əv/.would→/əd/.ContractionCanBeRegardedAsWeakFormWeakFormUsedFrequentlyInEnglishSomeexamplesofstrong/weakforms:WordsSFWeakformSamplesentence•1.a/eI//ə/We'vegotadog.•2.an/æn//ən/Takeanapple.•3.her/hə://hə/,/ə:/,/ə/What'shername?•4.his/hIz//Iz/Johnhadhishaircut.•5.our/aʊə//ɑ:/Wecandoitonourown.•6.some/sʌm//səm/,/sm/Getmesomewater.•7.the/ði://ðI/,/ðə/Theysawtheyoungandtheold.•8.your/jɔ://jə/Takeyourtime.•9.he/hi://hI/,/I/Whatdidhedo?•10.me/mi://mI/Letmehavealook.•11.she/ʃi://ʃI/Didshecome?•12.them/ðem//ðəm/,/ðm/Letthemgo.•13.us/ʌs//əs/Hetoldusastory.•14.we/wi://wI/Hereweare.•15.you/ju://jʊ/Didyouseemypen?•16.him/hIm//Im/Givehimapen.•17.am/æm//əm/,/m/I'mproudofit.•18.are/ɑ://ə/Whatareyoudoing?•19.be/bi://bI/Don'tbelate.•20.can/kæn//kən/,/kn/WhatcanIdo?•21.do/du://də/,/d/WhatdoyoudoonSundays?•22.does/dʌz//dəz/Whendoesthetrainleave?•23.had/hæd//həd/,/əd/,/d/Howmanyhadhehad?•24.has/hæz//həz/,/əz/,/z/,/s/Whathashappened?•25.have/hæv//həv/,/əv/,/v/Thekidshavegone.•26.is/Iz//z/,/s/Heiscoming.•27.must/mʌst//məst/,/məs/Wemustgonow.•28.shall/ʃæl//ʃəl/,/əl/Whatshallwedo?WordsSFWeakformSamplesentenceWordsSFWeakformSamplesentence•29.was/wɒz//wəz/,/wz/Hewasout.•30.were/wə://wə/Wewerealllate.•31.will/wIl//wəl/,/əl/Thatwilldo.•32at/æt//ət/Lookathim.•33.for/fɔ://fə/Isitforme?•34.from/frɒm//frəm/,/frm/Theycomefromthestates.•35.of/ɒv//əv/,/v/,/f/It'sverykindofyou.•36.to/tu://tə/Youdon'thavetoworry.•37.and/ænd//ənd/,/ən/,/nd/,/n/Wehadfishandchips.•38.as/æz//əz/Justasyoulike.•39.but/bʌt//bət/It'sgoodbutexpensive.•40.so/səʊ//sə/It'snotsocoldhere.•41.than/ðæn//ðən/It'sbiggerthanthis.•42.that/ðæt//ðət/Hesaidthathewascoming.Note•1.Whenthequestionisansweredinshortform,theauxiliaryverbshouldadoptthestrongform,like:---Willyoucometomorrow?---Yes,I‘will.•2.Whentheprepositionisplacedattheendofasentence,itshouldadoptthestrongform.----Whoishewaiting‘for?•3.Whentheprepositionisfollowedbyanunstressedpersonalpronoun,itshouldbethestrongform.----I’vebeenwaiting‘foryou.•personalpronoun人称代词•Apersonalpronounisapronounsuchas'I','you','she',or'they'whichisusedtorefertothespeakerorthepersonspokento,ortoapersonorthingwhoseidentityisclear,usuallybecausetheyhavealreadybeenmentioned.句子的读法——句子重读•在英语连贯的说话和朗读中，我们可以听到一些词特别响亮，有一些词不响亮，响亮的都是在句中比较重要的词。•一个词在句中读得响亮而清晰往往有以下三个因素：1.句子的重读；2.音的长度；3.调门的高低，调门高时音特别响亮。一、在一般情况下句子重读的规律•在句子中需要重读的词有：名词、动词、形容词和副词。句子的重读以重读符号‘表示。•冠词、连接词、介词和人称代词等所谓的虚词一般都不要重读。不重读的词元音要弱化，按元音字母在非重读音节中的读音规则发音。1.要特别强调或突出某个虚词或be动词时。I‘didn’t‘know‘youwere‘leaving.[ai‘didn’t‘nəu‘ju:wə'li:viŋ]我不知道你要走了。（意思是：本来我还以为别人要走呢。）二、以下这些情况，虚词在句子中也可以重读。2.在句首的介词可以重读。Onthewayofhisarrivalhisfatherdied.[‘ɔnðə‘weiəvhizə’raivəlhiz‘fɑ:ðə‘daid]在他到达的那天他的父亲去世了。二、以下这些情况，虚词在句子中也可以重读。3.句首的疑问代词以及在句子中作主语或宾语的指示代词和不定代词要重读。Whocametoseemethismorning?[‘hu:‘keimtə‘si:miðis‘mɔ:niŋ]ThisisallIcantellyou.[‘ðisiz‘ɔ:laikən‘telju]Ilikenoneofthebooks．[ai‘laik‘nʌnəvðə‘buks]二、以下这些情况，虚词在句子中也可以重读。4.在句末的be动词和助动词一般都要重读。Wherecanhebe?Iwonderwhereheis.[‘wɛəkənhi‘bi:?ai‘wʌndəwɛəhiiz]Hereheis,righthere.[‘hiəhi‘iz，rait’hiə]Doyouliveintown?Yes,Ido.[dəju‘livin‘taun?jes,ai‘du:]二、以下这些情况，虚词在句子中也可以重读。→在句首的be动词和助动词一般不重读。5.有时候，某些形容词、副词、甚至动词在句中可以不重读，如以下例子中的good,little,please等。Goodmorning![gud‘mɔ:niŋ!]Whataprettylittlething![‘wɔtə‘pritilitl‘θiŋ]Comein,please.[‘kʌmin,pli:z.]三、特殊情况句子的轻重和节奏•在句子中，每个重读音节相隔的时间大致是相等的，在重读音节之间的弱读音节要读得较快一些，就好像是音乐中的打拍子一样。在在学习句子的读法时，特别要体会一轻一重或一重一轻的节奏感。重读和不重读的词在句中形成一强一弱（一重一轻）或一弱一强（一轻一重）的节奏。⒈一弱一强○●○●Iwanttostudy.[ai‘wɔnttə‘stʌdi.]○●○●Hewantstotravel.[hi‘wɔntstə‘trævəl.]○●○●Iplanto