全新版大学英语综合教程第一册 Unit3(1)

Unit3UnderstandingSciencePublicAttitudeTowardScience--StephenHawkingStephenHawking(1942-)ABritishscientistwhohasgreatlyinfluencedpeople'sideasontheoriginsoftheuniverse.Hehasdevotedmuchofhislifetosearchingforthespace-timedescribedbygeneralrelativityandthesingularitieswhereitbreaksdown.he’sdonemostofhisworkwhileconfinedtoawheelchair,broughtonbytheprogressiveneurologicaldisease.HawkingistheLucasianProfessorofMathematicsatCambridge,apostonceheldbyIsaacNewton.StephenHawking(1942-)HisgreatestachievementApopularbook:《ABriefHistoryofTime》时间简史《blackhole》黑洞NewWordsattitudelikelydowithoutcutoffmoreoverinitiativeatthemomentintwomindsbasisintermsofintheformofsufficientconveyproportionentertainhenceattitude:mannerorwayonethinksabout,behavestoward,orfeelstowardsb.orsth.(usu.followedbyto/towards)Examples:1)Theboyhasabadattitudetowardshisschoolwork.2)Hisson'sattitudetoworkmadehimangry.3)像他表现出的这种态度表明对别人关心不够.Suchanattitudeasexhibitedbyhimshowsalackofconsiderationforothers.4)adoptaviolentattitude采取粗暴的态度5)abroadmindedattitude宽宏大量的态度6)acarefreeattitude无忧无虑的态度likely:adj.probable(Whenfunctioningasanadj.,thewordisoftenusedinthefollowingpatterns:itislikelythat…,belikelytodosth.)1)Itislikelythatmyroommatewillwinthefirst-classscholarship.2)今年你可能在伦敦吗?AreyoulikelytobeinLondonthisyear?3)他很可能会干得很好。Itislikelythathewilldoverywell.2.adv.probably(Whenusedasanad.,thewordisoftenprecededby“most”,”morethan”,or“very”.Youdon’tuseitasanadvonitown)1)Itisreportedthatanothersandstormwillverylikelycomeinthenext24hours.2)我们很可能会迟到。Wewillmostlikelybelate.#likely,possible,probableItislikely/possible/probablethat…Sbislikelyto…privilegeIncountrieswheretherearenotmanyschoolseducationisstillaprivilege.她过着奢侈并享有特权的生活。Shehadledalifeofluxuryandprivilege.dowithout:managetosurvive,continue,orsucceedalthoughyoudonothavesth.youneed,want,orusu.have1)You’llhavetodowithoutyourdinnerifyoudon’tgetbackintime.2)Ican’taffordacar,soIguessI’llhavetodowithout(one).3)dowith:whatyouspendyourtimedoingShedidn’tknowwhattodowithaftersheretired.riskyBeingself-employedismuchmoreriskythanbeingawage-earner.It’sriskytobuyacarwithoutsomegoodadvice.run/taketheriskofdoingsth.Ifyouinvestinthatbusiness,youarerunningtheriskoflosingyourhard-earnedmoney.如果在那个生意上投资，你是在冒险赔掉你辛辛苦苦赚来的钱。attheriskofHesavedmylifeattheriskofhisown.risk(v.)sth.ordoingsth.Hedoesn’twanttorisklosinghisjob.Soheheldhistongueinsteadofpointingouthisboss’mistake.他不想冒失去工作的风险。因此，他没有指出老板的错误，而是保持缄默。Knowingthatthelinesweretapped,hedidn’triskaphonecall.put/turntheclockbackNoonecouldbesopowerfulastobeabletoputtheclockbacktoanearlierage.TheAmericanGovernmentseemsdeterminedtoturntheclockbacktothedaysofColdWar.cutoff:stopproviding(sth.)cutoffwater/electricity1)由于美国的空袭，这座城市水和电的供应已经切断了。WaterandelectricitysuppliesinthecityhavebeencutoffbecauseoftheAmericanairattacks.2)因为没有交电话费，他们的电话被切断了。Theirphonehasbeencutoffbecausetheyhaven’tpaidthebill.cutoff3)他威胁要剪下我的头发。Hethreatenedtocutmyhairoff.Ourcountryoncecutitselfofffromtherestoftheworld.4)cutsth.off表示切断或切下某事物cutoffsth.(oftenasupplyofsth.)表切断某个供应cutaway切掉,砍掉,逃走cutdown砍倒,胜过,削减,删节cutin插嘴,插入,把...插进cuton很快向前走,赶路cutout切掉,裁剪出,取代,停止bringbringabout使发生,致使bringon带来;协助训练,培养;帮助快速生长或开花bringback回忆;使忆起;使返回,归还;带回来;恢复;还原bringbefore向...提交讨论bringforth引起;提出;产生;致使;造成;结(果);生产(婴儿)bringin产生(利益);赚到;介绍;引进;推广;吸收参加收割;收获逮捕;宣判bringup养育;提出;教养;使突然停止;提升;开赴前线【律】使到法庭受审[俗]呕吐bringout揭露;显示,解释;说明;出版;演出;使罢工;使免除带(年轻女子)参加社交活动;使开花;说出;暴露诱导;引出bringoff拯救;经营成功;完成;实现;孵;运走bringon导致;引起;促成;造成;介绍登场;培养;促进(作物等)生长;提出供讨论moreover:inadditiontowhathasbeensaid;further;besides1）Shesawthattherewasamanimmediatelybehindher.Moreoverhewasobservingherstrangely.2)当地群众需要一条新路，而且出于经济的原因也应修一条。Localpeoplewouldlikeanewroad.Moreover,therearegoodeconomicreasonsforbuildingone.3）我很饿，而且天又冷极了。Iwasveryhungry;moreoveritwasanextremelycoldday.inquiringinquirev.HesentmeonthemissionofinquiringaboutthetrainstoLondon.Wemustinquirefurtherintothematter.Thepolicestoppedmetoinquiremyname.Inquiring:Withoutaninquiringmind,onecannotbeacreativescientist.一个人如果不善于探究求索，他是不可能成为有发明创造的科学家。suppresstosuppresshumanrightstosuppressinformationAfterMaryfinishedmakingherunfavorablecommentonhisability,Jim’seyeswerenolongermildbutglitteredwithsuppressedanger.initiativeWhatmakesyouthinkthathelacksinitiative?你怎么会认为他缺少首创精神？onone’sowninitiativeIntheabsenceofmycommandingofficer,Iactedonmyowninitiative.在没有指挥官的情况下，我自己做主。:theabilitytomakedecisionsandtakeactionwithoutwaitingforsb.totellyouwhattodo1）Iwishmysonwouldshowabitmoreinitiative.2)他没有主动性。He’sgotnoinitiative.*usedinthephrase“taketheinitiative”:bethefirstpersontotakeactiontoimproveasituationorrelationship.esp.whenotherpeoplearewaitingforsb.elsetodosth.taketheinitiativeHehastakentheinitiativetoimproverelationswithher.Itisuptocountrytotaketheinitiativeinbanningnuclearweapons.1)Whydon’tyoutaketheinitiativeandarrangeameeting?2)Don’tstandaroundwaitingforsomeoneelsetotaketheinitiative.3)他们采取了主动。Theytooktheinitiative.atthemoment:now,(=atthismoment,atthepresentmoment)1)I’mratherbusyatthem