英语动词分类+动词时态之一般现在时(含练习)

1动词分类+一般现在时（一）一、动词分类动词是英语词类中最重要的一种。动词按其词义和在句中的作用可分为：及物动词实义动词不及物动词系动词动词情态动词助动词1.实义动词(有实际意义的动词，可在句中独立做谓语)：及物动词可以直接加宾语（study/learn/eat/drink/wash…）不及物动词不能直接加宾语，但是不及物动词+介词+宾语（常见动词有：listento/lookat/speakto…）2.系动词+形容词1）感官动词：feel;sound;smell;taste;look+形容词（当look做实义动词讲时为不及物动词）2）be/seem+形容词3）表变化的词：get/turn/become/go+形容词（get/turn/go当实义动词讲是意思分别为：得到/轮流/去、走）3.助动词无实际意义，在句中不能独立做谓语，have/do既可以做助动词也可以做实义动词（先做简单了解，之后讲动词时态时会经常见到）eg1.Ihaveabike.(have是实义动词)eg2.TheyhavegonetoBeijing.(have是助动词)eg3.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(do是实义动词)eg4.IdolikeEnglish.(do是助动词)4.情态动词（情态动词在句中不可独立做谓语）常见情态动词：may,might,can,could,must,shall,should,will,would,hadbetter,need(此处不做重点，之后会做情态动词专题)2二．一般现在时的用法1.基本用法表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的副词：always、usually、often、sometimes、seldom、never等以及时间状语：everyday、everymorning、everyafternoon、everyevening等连用。Eg:Heoftengoesswimminginsummer.Iusuallygotoschoolat7everymorning.2.拓展用法①表示现在的状态。Eg:Myfatherisatwork.Heisverybusy.Theboyistwelve.②表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。Eg:Mysisterisveryclever.Ilikesinging,butIcan’tsingverywell.③表示客观真理，客观存在，自然现象。Eg:Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.④表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于start，begin，leave，go，come，arrive，return等。Eg:Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.⑤在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来时的动作。Eg:Ifiddoesn'traintomorrow,we'llgotothepark.三．一般现在时的结构㈠含Be动词的一般现在时的结构肯定句：主语+am/is/are+其他成分.（注意be动词的选取）否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+其他成分.一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+其他成分？（注意疑问句的回答）Eg:Iamastudent./Sheisateacher./Wearedoctors.Iamnotastudent./Sheisnotateacher./Wearenotdoctors.3Areyouastudent?/Issheateacher?/Areyoudoctors?（注意主语是第一人称代词在疑问句中的变化）㈡含实义动词的一般现在时的结构1.动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则规则动词原形第三人称单数形式一般在词尾加-s，(清辅音后读∕s∕，在浊辅音后读∕z∕；在t后读∕ts∕,在d后读∕dz∕。)playleaveswimplaysleavesswims以字母s，x，ch，sh，o结尾的词加-es，读∕iz∕，如果动词原形词尾已有e，则只加-s。passfixteachwishdopassesfixesteacheswishesdoes以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先变y为i,再加-es，读∕z∕。（元y结尾直接加s）studycarryflystudiescarriesflies特殊：have的单数形式是has2.基本结构①当主语是I，you，we，they等代词及表示复数概念的名词做主语时：肯定句：主语+动词原形+其他成分.否定句：主语+don't+动词原形+其他成分.一般疑问句：Do+主语+动词原形+其他成分？（注意疑问句的回答）Eg:Theystudyveryhard.Theydon'tstudyveryhard.Dotheystudyveryhard?②当主语是she，he，it等代词及表示单数概念的名词作主语时：肯定句：主语+动词的第三人称单数+其他成分.否定句：主语+doesn't+动词原形+其他成分.一般疑问句：Does+主语+动词原形+其他成分？（注意疑问句的回答）4Eg:Shegetsupat6o'clockeverymorning.Shedoesn'tgetupat6o'clockeverymorning.Doesshegetupat6o'clockeverymorning?课堂练习：一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数。1.eatgrowseeopenwear2.pushwashpassfixwatchcatchgodo3.tryflycarryworrycryStudyhurry4.saystayplay5.havebe二、用所给动词的一般现在时填空。1.Peter(go)toschooleveryday.He(study)veryhard.2.Themoonalways(move)aroundtheearth.3.youoften(water)theseflowers?4.They(be)doctors.They(nothave)aholidayonSundays.5.Mary(do)herhomeworkafterschool.She(notwatch)TV.6.Shesometimes(singanddance)happily.三、用be动词或do的适当形式填空。1.---yourteachersworkhard?---Yes,they.2.---Whattheyeveryday?---Theytheirhomework.3.---theboyclever?---Yes,he.Hehishomeworkbyhimself.54.---Itallandhandsome?---Yes,you.5.---Howoftenshecombherhair?---Shecombsherhairtwiceaday.四、单选选择。1.---_______he_______totheparkat6:30inthemorning?---No,he________.A.Does;goes;doesB.Does;go;doesn’tC.Does;go;does2.Sheusually_______herfriends.Theyoften_______tea.A.see;drinkB.sees;drinksC.sees;drink3.---_______yourpen--pal_______diving?---No,he_______.He________writingstories.A.Does;like;doesn’t;likeB.Does;likes;doesn’t;likeC.Do;like;don’t;likes4.---________you________coffee?---Yes,I________.A.Do;like;doB.Did;like;didC.Are;like;am5.She_______tea,buthe_______.A.likes;doesn’tB.like;don’tC.like;doesn’t课后练习：I.写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。1.play________2.fly________3.plant________4.drink_________5.play________6.go_________7.make_________8.do__________9.dance________10.worry_________11.ask_________12.taste_________13.eat_________14.draw_________15.put_________16.throw_________17.say_________18.pass_________19.come_________20.sit_________6II.按要求改写句子。1.Itissunnytoday.否定句：_____________________________________________一般疑问句：_________________________________________肯定、否定回答：_____________________________________2.Allthestudentslikesinging.否定句：_____________________________________________一般疑问句：__________________________________________肯定、否定回答：______________________________________3.Wecansinganddance.否定句：____________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________肯定、否定回答：____________________________________4.JohncomesfromCanada.否定句：______________________________________________一般疑问句：__________________________________________肯定、否定回答：______________________________________III单选选择。1.Jenny________inanoffice.Herparents________inahospital.A.work;worksB.works;workC.work;areworkingD.isworking;work2.Oneoftheboys________ablackhat.A.haveB.thereisC.thereareD.has3.Hesaidthesun________intheeastand________inthewest.A.rose;setB.rises;setsC.rises,setD.rise;sets4.WangMei_________musicandoften__________tomusic.A.like;listenB.likes;listensC.like;arelistening.D.liking;listen5.Jenny_________Englisheveryevening.A.hasstudyB.studiesC.studyD.studied7一般现在时（二）㈢含情态动词的一般现在时的结构（此时动词只能用动词原形，不受其他的影响）肯定句：主语+情态动词+动词原形+其他成分.否定句：主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+其他成分.一般疑问句：情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他成分？Eg:Theymustcleantheclassroomeveryday.Theyneedn'tcl