大学英语基础教程(北大版)Unit 1 恐龙灭绝(the end of dinosaurs)

Unit1TheEndofDinosaurs['daɪnə'sɔ]n.恐龙SomequestionsforyoutothinkOnseeingthistitle,whatdoyouthinkthetextisgoingtotellus?What’sthereasonsforsuchahugeanimaldisappearfromtheearth?Didpeopleanddinosaurliveatthesametime?Thetextisgoingtotellusthattheendofdinosaurswascausedbyanasteroid(小行星)hittingtheearthmanyyearsago,whichdestroyedthenaturalconditionsthedinosaursdependedon.Dinosaurn.恐龙DinosaurDinosaur—thecommonnamewasgiventoagroupofreptiles(爬行动物),oftenverylarge,thatfirstappearedintheLateTriassicPeriod(三叠纪时代)about215millionyearsagoandthrivedworldwideforsome150millionyears.MostdiedoutbytheendoftheCretaceousPeriod(白垩纪时代),about65millionyearsago.IfallofEarthtimefromtheverybeginningofthedinosaurstotodaywerecompressedinto365days,thedinosaursappearedJanuary1andbecameextinctthethirdweekofSeptember.Bycomparison,peoplehavebeenonearthonlysinceDecember31.asteroid['æstərɔɪd]n.小行星Asteroidisdiameter(n.直径)thatorbits(v.环绕轨道)theSunprimarilybetweentheorbits(v.轨道)ofMars(n.火星)andJupiter(木星).Itisbecauseoftheirsmallsizeandlargenumbersrelativetotheninemajorplanetsthatasteroidsarealsocalledminorplanets.Thetwonamesarefrequentlyusedinterchangeably.AvideoabouttheendofthedinosaurReviewtheNewWords1.disappearancen.消失，不见dis-(not,不)+appear(显示，出现)+ance(名词后缀)ReviewtheNewWords2.destroyv.毁灭，破坏de-(toremove,toreduce，移开，减少);同根词：destroyer(n.)搞破坏的人同义词：destruct;damage;killReviewtheNewWords3.create(v.)创造同根词：creation(n.)创造;creative(adj.)有创造力的；4.pollution(n.)污染，污染源同根词：pollute(v.)污染5.survive(v.)幸存同根词：survival(n.)幸存；survivor(n.)幸存者6.constantly(adv.)持续地，不断地；经常地同根词：constant(adj.)不变的；经常的同义词：unchanging;continuous;allthetime7.experience(v.)经历同根词：experience(n.);经验；经历同义词：comethrough;suffer8.allow(v.)允许，提供同根词：allowable(adj.)容许的;allowance(n.)津贴；限额;同义词：permit;provide9.evidence(n.)证据；证词；同义词：proof10.dominant(adj.)主要的；占优势的；同根词：dominate(v.)支配;domination(n.)控制；管辖mammal['mæml]n.哺乳动物MainIdeaThetextisgoingtotellusthattheendofdinosaurswascausedbyanasteroid(小行星)hittingtheearthmanyyearsago,whichdestroyedthenaturalconditionsthedinosaursdependedon.TextStructurePartI:Theauthorgivesustheintroductionofthewholetext——whydinosaursdisappeared:byaskingseveralquestions.PartII:Theauthoragreeswiththetheorythattheendofdinosaurswascausedbyanasteroidhittingtheearthandprovidesallkindsofevidencestosupporthisopinion.PartIII:Theauthorconcludesthattheendofdinosaursledtohumans'appearanceonearth.Youshoulddividethetextinto3partsaccordingtotheirmainideas.PartI,andPartIIInPartI,theauthorraisesaquestion(提出问题),andgivesussomepossibleanswers.Whatarethequestionandwhataretheanswers?InPartII,howdidtheasteroidcausethedinosaurstodisappear?Whataretheevidences?causev.造成，带来Dotheyknowwhatcausedthefire?他们知道是什么造成了这场火灾吗？Whatcausedthedinosaurstodisappearfromthefaceoftheearth?是什么造成恐龙从地球上消失？Thebadweatheriscausingproblemsformanyfarmers.恶劣的天气给许多农民带来了问题。causesth.造成某事causesth.forsb.给某人/某事造成某结果causesb./sth.todo使得某人/某事做某事deadlyadj.致命的，致死的Nuclearweaponisadeadlyweapon.核武器是一种致命的武器。眼镜蛇式世界上最致命的蛇之一。Thecobraisoneoftheworld’sdeadliestsnake.TranslationofPa.1是什么造成了恐龙从地球上的消亡？这个问题总是引起人们的关注。恐龙的灭绝是食物短缺引起的吗？它们是不是毁于致命的疾病呢？是不是天气的变化造成了它们的消失呢？sentencestructure句型这个问题总是引起人们的关注。Thisquestionalwaysattractspeople'sattention.青少年的网瘾问题引起了很多专家的关注。Teenagers'networkaddiction_______________________.Teenagers'networkaddictionattractsmanyexperts'attention.seemtodosth似乎……；显得他似乎同意了我的建议。Heseemstoagreeonmysuggestion.Iseemtohavecaughtacold.我似乎着凉了。agreeon/about同意，达成一致agreewithsb.on/aboutsth.就某事与某人达成一致agreewithsth.与……相合；一致agreetosth.（尤指不乐意或争论之后的）同意；赞成Weagreedontheplan.我们同意这项计划。Thesoupdidn’tagreewithmytaste.这种汤不合我的口味。Heagreedtomyidea.他同意我的意见。Heagreedwiththemabouttheneedforchange.他同意他们关于变化的需求。sentencestructureitislikelythat/itisprobablethat很可能Itislikelythathewouldfailtheexam.他可能会考试不及格。Itislikelythatwewillwinthegame.我们可能会赢得这场比赛。withprep.becauseof由于，凭借Withthehelpofmyclassmates,Iworkedoutthedifficultquestion.由于同学的帮助，我做出了这道很难的题目。Withthedevelopmentofhightechnology,wecangetthelatestnewsallovertheworld.凭借着高科技的发展，我们可以获得全世界最新的新闻。TranslationofPa.2现在，科学家似乎对恐龙消失的原因达成了一致看法。很可能在六亿五千万年前，有一颗在太空中飞行的小行星撞击了地球。这颗小行星的冲击力相当于十万颗氢弹，造成了毁灭恐龙的严寒冬天。so...that...如此……以至于……Shewassosicktodaythatshecouldn’tgotoworkasusual.她今天病得太厉害了，以至于无法像往常那样去上班。Itseemsthattheasteroidwassohugeandhittheearthwithsuchastrongforcethatitcreatedaholewhichwasatleast200kilometersacross.似乎可以推断这颗小行星的体积如此巨大，撞击地球的威力如此强烈，以至于给地球造成了一个至少宽两百公里的大坑。blockout:stoplightornoise遮挡Thiskindofwallpaperisusedtoblockoutthemusicfromnextdoorroom.这种墙纸是用来遮挡隔壁房间的音乐的。TranslationofPa.3似乎可以推断这颗小行星的体积如此巨大，撞击地球的威力如此强烈，以至于给地球造成了一个至少宽两百公里的大坑。由于这个坑非常大，又造成了数月以来遮天蔽日的尘埃。结果引起了地球上天气的巨变和海洋污染。据认为，这种变化使得地球上四分之三的生物毁灭了。英国一所大学的科学家们认为，流星碰撞地球引起的灰尘可能造成了地球上至少三个月暗无天日。dependon/uponsth.依赖；取决于Oursuccesswilldependoneveryone’seffort.我们的成功取决于每个人的努力。Theharvestofcropsdependsontheweatherandfarmers’hardworking.庄稼的成熟取决于天气和农民的辛勤劳动。survivev.幸存；保留Intheserioustrafficaccident,among30person,only2survived.在这次严重的交通事故中，30人中只有两人生还下来。Somestrangecustomshavesurvivedfromearliertimes.有些奇特的风俗从早期时代中继续保留下来。小行星撞地球之后，有些小型的哺乳动物存活了