B7U2-语法-不定式to-do-被动语态

1.一般现在时2.一般过去时3.现在进行时4.过去进行时5.现在完成时6.过去完成时7.一般将来时8.过去将来时1.is/am/aredone2.was/weredone3.is/am/arebeingdone4.was/werebeingdone5.have/hasbeendone6.hadbeendone7.willbedone8.wouldbedone一、复习各种时态的被动语态【辨析】观察这两个句子不定式的异同4)Thefirstbookissaidtobepublishednextmonth.5)Thefirstbookissaidtohavebeenpublishedlastmonth.形式用法一般式完成式(not)tobedone(not)tohavebeendone在谓语动作之后或同时发生发生在谓语动作之前•三．动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用•当动词不定式的逻辑主语是动词不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。与不定式的主动式一样，不定式的被动式可以在句子中充当_______、•________、_________、_______、________、和__________。•判断下列句子中的不定式充当什么成分•Itisridiculoustobeofferedsympathybyarobot.•Hepretendedtohavebeenbeatenbyhisstep-father.•ThepartyistobeheldnextSaturdayevening.•Thedisabledchildexpectedthecinematobedesignedbythechiefarchitect.•TheBrazilianareproudoftheOlympicGamestobeheldinBrazil.•Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonlytobetoldthatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.主语宾语表语宾补定语状语主语宾语表语宾补定语状语•在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。•1.在therebe结构中。Thereisalotofworktodo/tobedone.(多用主动形式)Thereisnothingtoworryabout.•2．在“n／pron+be+adj+todo”结构中。常用的形容词有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，nice，pleasant，interesting，important，dangerous等。Heishardtogetalongwith.Thisquestioniseasytoanswer.•3.在“too…todo;enough…to…”结构中。Theproblemistoodifficulttoworkout(tobeworkedout)．Thehouseisbigenoughtolivein.•4．在“with+n+todo”结构中。Withnothingtodo，helayinbed．Withsomanyexercisestodo，Ican‘tgotothecinema．•5．当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时。Ihavealettertotypetoday．(I是totype的逻辑主语)Doyouhaveanythingtosay?(you是tosay的逻辑主语)•6．当不定式隐含在forsbtodo结构中时。Thisisthebestbooktoread(=forus／youtoread)．Theimportantthingtodoistolockthedoorwhenweleavethehouse．•7．一些作表语用的不定式的主动形式。常见的这类动词有let(出租)，rent，hire，blame等。Thehouseistolet．IfeltIwastoblame.1.Hearingthegoodnews,hewastooexcited____________(speak).2.Ithappened______________(rain)whenIgotthere.3.Iamterriblysorry___________(lose)yourkey.4.Iamsorry__________(say)thatheisgoingfrombadtoworse.5.Heasked______________(send)totheplacewherehewasmostneeded.6.Whathehopedwas______________(admit)intotheuniversitytospeaktoraintohavelosttosaytobesent综合练习：tobeadmitted7.Hegottothestationonly________(find)alltheticketshadbeensoldout.8.Ihurriedtothemeetinghall,only____(tell)thatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.9.Heseems____________________（punish)byhisteacheryesterday.10.Comeon!Itisaneasysentence______________(translate).11.WhenIcamein,hepretended_____________.(read)12.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter______________(notdrive)afterdrinking.tofindtobetoldtohavebeenpunishedtotranslatetobereadingnottodrive二、翻译练习1.据说这会议已经被取消了Themeetingissaidtohavebeencancelled.2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。Thestudentseemstohavelostinterestinpolitics.3.残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。Thedisableddon’tliketobelaughedat.4.没有可以可以浪费的时间了。Thereisnotimetowaste/bewasted5.能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸ItisagreathonortobeinvitedtotheEnglishClub.6.她假装没有听懂我说的话。ShepretendednottounderstandwhatIhadsaid.7.我希望被中山大学录取。Ihope/expecttobeadmittedintoZhangshanUniversity8.抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。Iamsorrytohaveforgottenyourtelephonenumber.语法填空TheChinaScienceandTechnologyUniversitycreatedthenation’sfirsthuman-likerobot,1____isabletowalkandtalklikeahuman.Thisrobot2____________(produce)byChinesescientists.Therobot3___________(equip)withbasiclanguageskills,too.Itcanwalk4________(fast)thanhumanbeings.Itcantaketwostepspersecondinstead5____onestepeverytwoseconds.Manytechnologicalbreakthroughsisexpected6_______________(make)duringthelastfewyears.Humansworkingareexpected7______________(replace)byrobotsinthefuture.Theycanalsohelpthe8__________(able)peopletolivenormallives.whichwasproducedwasequippedfasteroftohavebeenmadetobereplaceddisabled