if条件句中的虚拟语气讲解

虚拟语气(一)一、考点聚焦1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中以下表格是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式：虚拟条件状语从句主句与过去事实相反If+主语+had+过去分词主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词与现在事实相反的假设If+主语+动词的过去式（动词be用were)主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形与将来事实相反1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+wereto+动词原形3、If+主语+should+动词原形主语+Would/should/cold/might+动词原形IfIwereaboy,Iwouldjointhearmy.Ifshehadtime,sheshouldgowithyou.Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceededinthecompetition.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,thefootballmatchwouldbeputoff.IfIhadtime,Iwouldattendthemeeting.Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoAmerica如果我是你，我就会努力学习IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkharderatmylessons.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就给他打电话了IfIhadknownhistelephonenumber,Iwouldhavecalledhim.如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消比赛．Ifitshould\weretorain,wewouldcalloffthematch.使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点：１．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整．Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了．Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.如果你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了．Iftheyhadworkedhard,theywouldbeverytirednow.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)２．省略句在条件句中，可省略if，把were,had,should提到句首，变为倒装句式．IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.WereIatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.WereIaboy,Iwouldjointhearmy.Hadhetakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceeded.Wereitnotfortheexpense,IwouldgotoBritain.2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句（1）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。①“wish+宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表现在过去时表过去过去完成时表将来would,might,could＋动词原形Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.IwishIhadknowntheanswer.IwishIcouldflylikeabird.Iwish(that)Iwereabird.Iwish(that)Ihadseenthefilmlastnight.Iwish(that)Iwould\couldgo.