英国文学史pdf总结--刘炳善

EnglishLiteratureHistoryOldandMedievalEnglishLiteratureOldEnglishLiterature(mid-4thC-mid11thC)Language:Anglo-Saxon(oldEnglish)Society:tribalsociety~feudalismBelief:Christianity(7thC)Literature:poetryRomance冒险故事，传奇:knightfamousthree:KingArthurSirGawainandtheGreenKnightBeowulftheearliestliteraturethenationalepic(叙事史诗)oftheEnglishpeople(Anglo-Saxons)Denmarkstoryalliteration,metaphors,understatements保守的说法MedievalEnglishLiterature(1066-theendof14thC)Normanconquest-Feudalismstyles:romancelegendstorypoemsballad(民谣)Messengerofhumannism;FounderofEnglishrealism;FatherofEnglishpoetry;MasterofModernEnglishlanguages;PioneerofEnglishRenaissance.representativewritersWilliamLanglandPiersthePlowman耕者皮尔斯apictureoffeudalEnglish(over7000lines)intheformofadreamvisionusingsymbolism(torelatetruth)GeofferyChaucerIntroductionInEnglishliteraturehistory,Londondialectwasfirstusedtowrite.Achievements:FounderofEnglishRealismTheFatherofEnglishPoetryMessengerofhumanismFounder&MasterofmodernEnglishlanguagePioneeroftheEnglishRenaissanceTheCanterburyTales坎特伯雷故事集the1sttimetouseheroiccouplet(英雄双韵体)bymiddleEnglish124storiespannedbut24finishedand2unfinishedTheEnglishRenaissanceRenaissance:14thC-17thC,EnglishRenaissance:15thC-17thC.LiteraryFeatures:translationworks(French/Italian/Lation/Greek)poetryadventurousstoriesdramaprosewritingCharacteristics:KeeninterestsandcuriosityforclassicsAspirationforhumanity,humanismisthekeynoteofRenaissance.Representatives:ThomasMore(Englishhumanist)Utopia:anidealcommunistsocietySirPhilipSidney:apoetandcriticpoetryAstrophelandStella,ApologyforpoetryWalterRaleighDiscoveryofGuianaEdmundSpenser(1552-1599)TheFaerieQueen仙后(writtenforQueenElizabeth)TheShepherdCalendar(modernEnglish)FrancisBaconThefounderofEnglishmaterialist/modernscienceinEnglish.ThefirstessayistOfStudiesThewordingofthisessayiselegantwithparallelstructuresandlongsentences.ItshowsBacon'sgreattalentinlanguageandoffersmanyproverbs.NewInstrumentHeeveninventedthefridge.AdvanceofLearningWilliamShakespeareMainFeatures:realisticwritingimitationandadaptationdeversifieswritingskillsandmethods:song,sonnet,coupletandblankverseFourGreatComediesAMidsummerNight'sDreamTheMerchantofVeniceAsYouLikeItTwelfthNightFourGreatTragediesMacbethKingLearHamletOthelloTheEnglishBourgeoisRevolution(TransitionalPeriod)JohnMilton三大史诗epicsParadiseLost(1667):blankverse.PlotsoriginatedfromOldTestament旧约Theme:arevoltagainstGod'sauthorityImageofSatan:thespiritquestioningtheauthorityofGodParadiseRegained(1671)SamsonAgonistes(1671):poeticaldramaCommentsabouthimpoliticalinbothhislifeandhisartwrotethegreatestepicinEnglishliteraturemasteroftheblankversegreatstylisthasalwaysbeenadmiredforhissublimityofthoughtandmajestryofexpressionJohnBunyanThePilgrim'sProgress朝圣之路:areligiousallegorybutlikerealpersonwritteninprisonbecauseofhisexclusivereadingoftheBibleJohnDonnefamousforpeculiarconceits妙喻FounderoftheMetaphysicalschoolFeaturesoftheschool:philosophicalpoems,complexrhythmsandstrangeimagesJohnDrydenRestorationLiterature(1660-1788)复辟时期aperiodofreactionanddegenerationpwiththerestorationoftheStuartmonarchy斯图亚特王朝,awhiteterrorsetin.Someoftherevolutionaryleaderswerecruellyexecuted,andPuritansindiscriminately[不分清红皂白]repressed.ForerunneroftheClassicisminBritain(inRestorationPeriod)AllforLove(atragedy)AnEssayofDramaticPoesy(literarycriticism)18thCenturyEnglishLiterature(theendof17thC-18thC[1798],theEnlightmentIntellectualMovement-BourgeoisMovement)SteelandAddisonRichardSteeleTheTatlerstyleshumour,intimacy,eleganceJosephAddisonTheSpectatorDifferentfromtheversiontoday,thisnewspaperappliedseriesofvirtualfiguresaswriterstopublishtheiressays.TheircontributionsTheirwritingsaffordanewcodesocialmoralityfortherisingbourgeoisie.TheygiveatruepictureofthesociallifeofEnglandinthe18thcentury.InthehandsofAddisonandSteele,theEnglishessayhadcompletelyestablisheditsasaliterarygenre.Usingitasaformofcharactersketchingandstorytelling,theyushered开启inthedawnofmodernEnglishnovel.Neo-ClassicismAlexanderPopeworksEssayonCriticismEssaysonManTheRapeofLockTheDunciadcommentsAnoutstandingenlightenerandthegreatestEnglishpoetoftheclassicalschoolinthefirsthalfofthe18thcentury.Adiligentreader.Hestyledependsonhisgreatpatienceinelaboratinghisart.ThemostimportantrepresentativeofEnglishclassicalpoetry.RealismTheriseandgrowthoftherealisticnovelisthemostprominentachievementofthe18thcenturyEnglishliterature.JonathanSwiftworksGulliver'sTravels(satire)Lilliput小人国→Britishgovernment/partiesBrobdingnag大人国→Britishpolicies+politicalandregionalmeasuresLaputa,Balnibarbi,Luggnagg,GlubbdubdribandJapan→philosopher,scientist,inventor,criticandhistorianTheCountryoftheHoughnhnms→wars,hypocrisyofthelawAModestProposal(irony)TheBattleofBooks书战ATaleofaTub木桶的故事(parable)TheDrapper'sLetters一个麻布商的书信DanielDefoeForerunnerofEnglishrealisticnovelRobinsonCrusoeTheprototypeoftheearlyblackslaves,thebuddingofcolonialism.[早期黑奴的原型，殖民主义的萌芽]RobinsonisrepresentativeoftheEnglishbourgeoisieattheearlierstageofitsdevelopment.HenryFieldingStatusFounderofEnglishrealisticnovel.Hesetupthetheoryof