高二英语选修7 unit2 robots Using language

艾萨克·阿西莫夫IsaacAsimov,(1920-1992)，美籍犹太人，为本世纪最顶尖的科幻小说家之一，曾获代表科幻界最高荣誉的雨果奖和星云终身成就「大师奖」。以他的名字为号召的「艾西莫夫科幻杂志」，是美国当今数一数二的科幻文学重镇。阿西莫夫是一位多产得惊人的作家，自50年代初，至今已出版了300多部著作。I,Robot《作品100》《最新科学指南》在家中图书室（1976年）Oldphoto阿西莫夫与珍尼特演讲他于1941年发表的作品《Runaround》中第一次明确提出了著名的“阿西莫夫机器人三定律”,即：一、机器人不得伤害人类，或看到人类受到伤害而袖手旁观；二、在不违反第一定律的前提下，机器人必须绝对服从人类给与的任何命令；三、在不违反第一定律和第二定律的前提下,机器人必须尽力保护自己。以其名字命名的《阿西莫夫科幻小说》杂志,至今仍然是美国当今数一数二的科幻文学畅销杂志。Asimov’sLawsForRobotsFirstLaw:Arobotmustnotinjurehumanbeingsorallowthemtobeinjured.SecondLaw:Arobotmustobeytheordersgiventoitbyhumanbeings(aslongashumanbeingarenotinjured).ThirdLaw:Arobotmustprotectitsownexistence(aslongashumanbeingsarenotinjured;andaslongastherobotdoesnotdisobeythehumanbeings).Glancethroughthetextquicklytofindtheanswerstothequestions.•WhichparagraphtellsyouwhenandwhereAsimovwasbornanddied?•Whichparagraphtellsyouabouthiseducation?•Whichparagraphtellsyouaboutawardshereceived?Para.2Para.3Para.5SkimmingSkimmingReadsilentlythefirstandlastsentenceofeachparagraphtogetthegeneralidea.Answerthequestions:1.WhenandwheredidAsimov’slifebeginandend?HislifebeganinRussiain1920andendedinNewYorkin1992.Bothforhissciencefictionbooksandhissciencebooks.2.Forwhatkindofbooksdidhereceivemanyawards?3.Howmanychildrendidhehave?Two.Scanning•Readthetextoverwithoutpauseandmarkallthedatesandnumbers,payingattentiontowhathappenedtothem.TimelineoftheeventsinAsimov’slife1920BorninRussia1923Movedwithfamilyto________.Parentsboughtacandystore.1929Started______________inthecandystore.____Startedtotakehimselfseriouslyasawriter.NewYorkworkingpart-time19311939:Beganhavingstoriespublishedin____________magazines.____:Gainedmaster’sdegreeinchemistry.1942:Finishedworkinginthecandystore.__________________1942-1945:____________________________________________________________:GotPhDinchemistry.____:Becameabiochemistryteacher,BostonUniversitySchoolofMedicine.sciencefiction194119481949TimelineoftheeventsinAsimov’slifeGotmarried.Workedasjuniorchemist.PhiladelphiaNavyYard.1950Publishedhisfirstnovel.Published__________.Developedthreelawsforrobots.1951-1953PublishedtheFoundationtrilogyandwonanawardforit.____Publishedfirstsciencebook.____Becameafull-timewriter.1973Divorcedhisfirstwife.______________________________Hadabloodtransfusion.BecameinfectedwithHIV.1992_____________________195319581983DiedinNewYork.Marriedforasecondtime.I,RobotLife2January,1920--6April,1992PlaceofbirthanddeathHewasborninRussiaanddiedin__________.BookshewroteMysterystories,_________________books,andbooksabouttheBibleandShakespeare.NewYorkscienceandhistoryWorkhedidWorkedinhisparents’______store.Workedasa(n)______chemistatthePhiladelphiaNavyYard.Becamea___________teacheratBostonUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Gaveupteachingtobecomea(n)______________.full-timewritercandyjuniorbiochemistry1.Inwhichbookdidhedevelopasetofthreelaws?A.TheFoundationTrilogyB.I,RobotC.InhisfirstnovelD.Inhisfirstsciencebook.BReadPara.5carefullyandfindouttheanswertothefollowingquestions:2.What’soneofhisfamousworks?whataretheyabout?Whyaretheyfamous?TheFoundationtrilogy.Theyareaboutthedeathandrebirthofagreatempireinagalaxyofthefuture.TheyarefamousbecauseAsimovinventedatheoreticalframeworkwhichwasdesignedtoshowhowideasandthinkingmaydevelopinthefuture.(1)IsaacAsimov’sbestknownworkwashismysterystories.(2)AsimovwasborninAmericaon2January,1920.(3)Asimovbecameabiochemistryteacherin1949.(4)In1931Asimov’stalentforwritingbecameobvious.TTFFsciencefictionstories.Russia(5)In1950,hepublishedhisfirstsciencebook.(6)“TheFoundationTrilogy”consistsof3storiesaboutdeathandrebirthofagreatempireinagalaxyofthefuture.(7)Inhiscollectionofshortstories,hedevelopedasetofthree“laws”forrobots.TTFhisfirstnovelandin1953hisfirstsciencebook.WriteashortsummaryofAsimov’slifein150-200words.Followthestepsbelow.1.LookbackatthetimelineofAsimov’slife.2.Underlinethemostimportantpartsofhislifethatmadehimagreatwriterofsciencefiction.Thiscanserveastheoutlineofyoursummary.3.BeginbygivingyourassessmentofAsimovasawriter.Thenwritedowntheimportantpartsyouhaveunderlined.4.Useaclearsimplestyleasifyouwerewritingtoyoungerstudentsinyourschool.IsaacAsimov(1920-1992)wasaRussian-bornAmericanwriter.HisfamilyimmigratedtotheUnitedStateswhenhewasthreeyearsoldandsettledinNewYork.Hegainedamaster’sdegreeinchemistryandlatergothisPhD.Afterhegraduated,hebecameabiochemistryteacheratBostonUniversity.Hewastalentedinwriting.Whenherealizedit,hegaveupteachingandbecameaprofessionalwriter.In1939,hehadstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazineandin1950hepublishedhisfirstnovel.Hewasfamousforhisfictionstoriesandreceivedmanyawards.TheFoundationtrilogyandI,Robotareverypopularwiththeyoungandadults.Hisworksexercisedgreatinfluenceoverotherwriters.Asimovhadtwomarriagesandtwochildren.HediesofAIDSinNewYorkin1992.一、根据所给词性和汉语意义写出英语单词1．vt.陈述；宣布→n．陈述2．vt.收到→n．收件人;接收机;电话听筒3．n．天才；特殊能力；才干→adj.天才的；有才能的4．n．理论→adj.理论(上)的；假设的5．vt.&vi.服从；顺从→vt.&vi.(反义词)statestatementreceivereceivertalenttalentedtheorytheoreticalobeydisobey6．adj.较年幼的;资历较浅的;地位较低的n.年少者；晚辈；等级较低者→(反义词)7．n．离婚；断绝关系vt.与……离婚；与……脱离→adj.离婚的8．n．评价；评定→vt.评价junior