课题七 多速异步电动机的控制线路

课题七多速异步电动机的控制线路三相异步电动机的转速公式可知，改变异步电动机转速可通过三种方法来实现：一是改变电源频率f1；二是改变转差率s；三是改变磁极对数p。改变异步电动机的磁极对数调速称为变极调速。变极调速是通过改变定子绕组的连接方式来实现的，它是有级调速，且只适用于笼型异步电动机。160(1)fnspU1U2V2W1W2W2L1L2L3U2V2W2U1V1W1V2V1U2L1L2L3U1V1W1U2V2W2U1V1W11.双速异步电动机定子绕组的连接一、双速异步电动机的控制线路L1L2L3KHSB1KM1KM2SB2KM1QSFU1FU2M3～3KHKM1KM2KM3SB3KM3KM2KM3KM2KM1KM3U1V1W1U2V2W2U1U2V1W2W1V2低速高速YY2.按钮和接触器控制双速电动机3L1L2L3SB1KM1SB2KM1FU13KM1KM2KM3SB3KM3KM2KM3KM2U1V1W1U2V2W23合上QS按下SB1KM1线圈得电KM2QSFU2M3～KM1KM3U1U2V1W2W1V2低速高速YYKHKH2.按钮和接触器控制双速电动机L1L2L3SB1KM1SB2KM1FU13KM1KM2KM3SB3KM3KM2KM3KM2U1V1W1U2V2W23KM1触头动作电动机联接,低速启动KM2QSFU2M3～KM1KM3U1U2V1W2W1V2低速高速YYKHKH2.按钮和接触器控制双速电动机L1L2L3SB1KM1SB2KM1FU13KM1KM2KM3SB3KM3KM2KM3KM2U1V1W1U2V2W23按下SB2KM1线圈失电KM2,KM3线圈得电联接,低速启动KM2QSFU2M3～KM1KM3U1U2V1W2W1V2低速高速YYKHKH2.按钮和接触器控制双速电动机L1L2L3SB1KM1SB2KM1FU13KM1KM2KM3SB3KM3KM2KM3KM2U1V1W1U2V2W23KM2,KM3触头动作电动机YY联接,电动机高速运行KM2QSFU2M3～KM1KM3U1U2V1W2W1V2低速高速YYKHKH2.按钮和接触器控制双速电动机低速L1L2L3SB1KM1SB2KM1FU13KM1KM2KM3SB3KM3KM2KM3KM2U1V1W1U2V2W23松开SB2电动机继续高速运行KM2QSFU2M3～KM1KM3U1U2V1W2W1V2高速YYKHKH2.按钮和接触器控制双速电动机L1L2L3KHSB1KM1KM2SB2KM1QSFU1FU23KM1KM2KM3SB3KM3KM2KM1KM3U1V1W1U2V2W2U1U2V1W2W1V2低速高速YY3.时间继电器控制双速电动机3KTKM1KTKTKT电路组成分析KHM3～L1L2L3SB1KM1KM2SB2KM1QSFU1FU23KM1KM2KM3SB3KM3KM2KM1KM3U1V1W1U2V2W2U1U2V1W2W1V23KTKM1合上QS按下SB1KM1线圈得电KTKTKT低速起动低速运行低速高速YYKHKHM3～3.时间继电器控制双速电动机L1L2L3SB1KM1KM2SB2KM1QSFU1FU23KM1KM2KM3SB3KM3KM2KM1KM3U1V1W1U2V2W2U1U2V1W2W1V23KTKM1KM1触头动作电动机三角形联接低速起动松开SB1继续低速运行KTKTKT低速起动低速运行低速高速YYKHKHM3～3.时间继电器控制双速电动机L1L2L3SB1KM1KM2SB2KM1QSFU1FU23KM1KM2KM3SB3KM3KM2KM1KM3U1V1W1U2V2W2U1U2V1W2W1V23KTKM1KTKTKT停:按下SB3或过载低速起动低速运行低速高速YYKHKHM3～3.时间继电器控制双速电动机L1L2L3SB1KM1KM2SB2KM1QSFU1FU23KM1KM2KM3SB3KM3KM2KM1KM3U1V1W1U2V2W2U1U2V1W2W1V23KTKM1按下SB2KM1线圈得电KT线圈得电KTKTKT低速起动高速运行低速高速YYKHKHM3～3.时间继电器控制双速电动机L1L2L3SB1KM1KM2SB2KM1QSFU1FU23KM1KM2KM3SB3KM3KM2KM1KM3U1V1W1U2V2W2U1U2V1W2W1V23KTKM1KM1，KT各触头动作电动机低速起动松开SB2KTKTKT低速起动高速运行低速高速YYKHKHM3～3.时间继电器控制双速电动机L1L2L3SB1KM1KM2SB2KM1QSFU1FU23KM1KM2KM3SB3KM3KM2KM1KM3U1V1W1U2V2W2U1U2V1W2W1V23KTKM1经KT整定时间KT延时触头动作,KM1线圈断电KM2,KM3线圈得电动作电动机高速运行KTKTKT低速起动高速运行低速高速YYKHKHM3～3.时间继电器控制双速电动机L1L2L3SB1KM1KM2SB2KM1QSFU1FU23KM1KM2KM3SB3KM3KM2KM1KM3U1V1W1U2V2W2U1U2V1W2W1V23KTKM1KTKTKT停:按下SB3或过载低速起动高速运行低速高速YYKHKHM3～3.时间继电器控制双速电动机三速电动机定子绕组接线图中速—Y接法高速—YY接法二、三速异步电动机的控制线路三速电动机的两套定子绕组低速—△接法1.接触器控制三速电动机的控制线路△形低速Y形中速YY形高速L1L2L3KM1QSFU1FU2KM2KM1低速Y中速YY高速KM3M3～KM3KM2KM3KM1KM3KM1KM2SB4KM1KM2SB2SB3SB1U3W1V1U1V2V4U4U2W2W4KM4333KM4KM4KM2KM3KM4KHKH电路组成分析L1L2L3KM1QSFU1FU2KM2KM1低速Y中速YY高速KM3KM3KM2KM3KM1KM3KM1KM2SB4KM1KM2SB2SB3SB1U3W1V1U1V2V4U4U2W2W4KM4333KM4KM4KM2KM3KM4合上电源开关QS按下SB1KM1线圈得电电动机接成低速启动M3～KHKHL1L2L3KM1QSFU1FU2KM2KM1低速Y中速YY高速KM3KM3KM2KM3KM1KM3KM1KM2SB4KM1KM2SB2SB3SB1U3W1V1U1V2V4U4U2W2W4KM4333KM4KM4KM2KM3KM4松开SB1电动机继续低速启动,运行M3～KHKHL1L2L3KM1QSFU1FU2KM2KM1低速Y中速YY高速KM3KM3KM2KM3KM1KM3KM1KM2SB4KM1KM2SB2SB3SB1U3W1V1U1V2V4U4U2W2W4KM4333KM4KM4KM2KM3KM4先按SB4KM1线圈失电电动机断电再按SB2KM2线圈得电电动机Y联接,中速运行M3～KHKHL1L2L3KM1QSFU1FU2KM2KM1低速Y中速YY高速KM3KM3KM2KM3KM1KM3KM1KM2SB4KM1KM2SB2SB3SB1U3W1V1U1V2V4U4U2W2W4KM4333KM4KM4KM2KM3KM4松开SB2电动机Y联接,继续中速运行M3～KHKHL1L2L3KM1QSFU1FU2KM2KM1低速Y中速YY高速KM3KM3KM2KM3KM1KM3KM1KM2SB4KM1KM2SB2SB3SB1U3W1V1U1V2V4U4U2W2W4KM4333KM4KM4KM2KM3KM4先按SB4KM2线圈失电电动机断电再按SB3KM3,KM4线圈得电电动机YY联接,高速运行M3～KHKHL1L2L3KM1QSFU1FU2KM2KM1低速Y中速YY高速KM3KM3KM2KM3KM1KM1KM2SB4KM1KM2SB2SB3SB1U3W1V1U1V2V4U4U2W2W4KM4333KM4KM4KM2KM3KM4先按SB4KM2线圈失电电动机断电再按SB3KM3,KM4线圈得电电动机YY联接,高速运行M3～KHKH2.时间继电器自动控制三速电动机的控制线路△形低速启动,运行L1L2L3KM1QSFU1FU2KM2KM1低速Y中速YY高速KM3M3～KM3KM2KM3KM1KM1KM2SB4KM1KT2SB2SB3SB1U3W1V1U1V2V4U4U2W2W4KM4333KM4KM4KM2KM3KM4KHKH电路组成分析KT1KT2KT1KT1KM2KM3KM2KM3KT2KT1KT2L1L2L3KM1QSFU1FU2KM2KM1低速Y中速YY高速KM3KM3KM2KM3KM1KM1KM2SB4KM1KT2SB2SB3SB1U3W1V1U1V2V4U4U2W2W4KM4333KM4KM4KM2KM3KM4△低速启动运转:按下SB1KM1线圈得电KT1KT2KT1KT1KM2KM3KM2KM3KT2KT1KT2M3～KHKHL1L2L3KM1QSFU1FU2KM2KM1低速Y中速YY高速KM3KM3KM2KM3KM1KM1KM2SB4KM1KT2SB2SB3SB1U3W1V1U1V2V4U4U2W2W4KM4333KM4KM4KM2KM3KM4△低速启动运转:松开SB1电动机继续低速运行KT1KT2KT1KT1KM2KM3KM2KM3KT2KT1KT2M3～KHKH3.时间继电器自动控制三速电动机的控制线路△形低速启动Y形中速运转L1L2L3KM1QSFU1FU2KM2KM1低速Y中速YY高速KM3M3～KM3KM2KM3KM1KM1KM2SB4KM1KT2SB2SB3SB1U3W1V1U1V2V4U4U2W2W4KM4333KM4KM4KM2KM3KM4KHKHKT1KT2KT1KT1KM2KM3KM2KM3KT2KT1KT2△形低速启动Y形中速运转:合上QS,按下SB2KT1线圈得电L1L2L3KM1QSFU1FU2KM2KM1低速Y中速YY高速KM3KM3KM2KM3KM1KM1KM2SB4KM1KT2SB2SB3SB1U3W1V1U1V2V4U4U2W2W4KM4333KM4KM4KM2KM3KM4KT1KT2KT1KT1KM2KM3KM2KM3KT2KT1KT2△形低速启动Y形中速运转:时间继电器瞬时闭合触头闭合KM1线圈得电M3～KHKHL1L2L3KM1QSFU1FU2KM2KM1低速Y中速YY高速KM3KM3KM2KM3KM1KM1KM2SB4KM1KT2SB2SB3SB1U3W1V1U1V2V4U4U2W2W4KM4333KM4KM4KM2KM3KM4KT1KT2KT1KT1KM2KM3KM2KM3KT2KT1KT2△形低速启动运转Y形中速运转:KM1触头动作电动机低速启动松开SB2M3～KHKHL1L2L3KM1QSFU1FU2KM2KM1低速Y中速YY高速KM3KM3KM2KM3KM1KM1KM2SB4KM1KT2SB2SB3SB1U3W1V1U1V2V4U4U2W2W4KM4333KM4KM4KM2KM3KM4KT1KT2KT1KT1KM2KM3KM2KM3KT2KT1KT2△形低速启动运转Y形中速运转:经KT1整定时间KT1延时断开触头分断,KM1线圈失电KT1延时闭合触头闭合,KM2线圈得电M3～KHKHL1L2L3KM1QSFU1FU2KM2KM1低速Y中速YY高速KM3KM3KM2KM3KM1KM1KM2SB4KM1KT2SB2SB3SB1U3W1V1U1V2V4U4U2W2W4KM4333KM4KM4KM2KM3KM4KT1KT2KT1KT1KM2KM3KM2KM3KT2KT1KT2△形低速启动运转Y形中速运转:KM2触头动作电动机Y形联接,中速运行M3～KHKH△形低速启动Y形中速运转过渡YY形高速运转4.时间继电器自动控制三速异步电动机的控制线路L1L2L3KM1QSFU1FU2KM2KM1低速Y中速YY高速KM3KM3KM2KM3KM1KM1KM2SB4KM1KT2SB2SB3SB1U3W1V1U1V2V4U4U2W2W4KM4333KM4KM4KM2KM3KM4按下SB3KT2线圈得电