工程管理专业通过BIM改变业主设计师承包商的角色大学毕业论文英文文献翻译及原文

毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译文献、资料中文题目：通过BIM改变业主、设计师、承包商的角色文献、资料英文题目：Changingrolesoftheclients,architectsandcontractorsthroughBIM文献、资料来源：文献、资料发表（出版）日期：院（部）：专业：工程管理班级：姓名：学号：指导教师：翻译日期：2017.02.14本科毕业设计外文文献及译文文献、资料题目：ChangingrolesoftheclientsArchitectsandcontractorsThroughBIM文献、资料来源：Engineering,Construction,Archi-tectualManagement文献、资料发表（出版）日期：2010.2院（部）：管理工程学院专业：班级：姓名：学号：指导教师：翻译日期：2012.6.3外文文献：Changingrolesoftheclients,architectsandcontractorsthroughBIMRizalSebastianTNOBuiltEnvironmentandGeosciences,Delft,TheNetherlandsAbstractPurpose–Thispaperaimstopresentageneralreviewofthepracticalimplicationsofbuildinginformationmodelling(BIM)basedonliteratureandcasestudies.ItseekstoaddressthenecessityforapplyingBIMandre-organisingtheprocessesandrolesinhospitalbuildingprojects.Thistypeofprojectiscomplexduetocomplicatedfunctionalandtechnicalrequirements,decisionmakinginvolvingalargenumberofstakeholders,andlong-termdevelopmentprocesses.Design/methodology/approach–ThroughdeskresearchandreferringtotheongoingEuropeanresearchprojectInPro,theframeworkforintegratedcollaborationandtheuseofBIMareanalysed.Throughseveralrealcases,thechangingrolesofclients,architects,andcontractorsthroughBIMapplicationareinvestigated.Findings–OneofthemainfindingsistheidentificationofthemainfactorsforasuccessfulcollaborationusingBIM,whichcanberecognisedas“POWER”:productinformationsharing(P),organisationalrolessynergy(O),workprocessescoordination(W),environmentforteamwork(E),andreferencedataconsolidation(R).Furthermore,itisalsofoundthattheimplementationofBIMinhospitalbuildingprojectsisstilllimitedduetocertaincommercialandlegalbarriers,aswellasthefactthatintegratedcollaborationhasnotyetbeenembeddedintherealestatestrategiesofhealthcareinstitutions.Originality/value–ThispapercontributestotheactualdiscussioninscienceandpracticeonthechangingrolesandprocessesthatarerequiredtodevelopandoperatesustainablebuildingswiththesupportofintegratedICTframeworksandtools.Itpresentsthestate-of-the-artofEuropeanresearchprojectsandsomeofthefirstrealcasesofBIMapplicationinhospitalbuildingprojects.KeywordsEurope,Hospitals,TheNetherlands,Constructionworks,Responseflexibility,ProjectplanningPapertypeGeneralreview1.IntroductionHospitalbuildingprojects,areofkeyimportance,andinvolvesignificantinvestment,andusuallytakealong-termdevelopmentperiod.Hospitalbuildingprojectsarealsoverycomplexduetothecomplicatedrequirementsregardinghygiene,safety,specialequipments,andhandlingofalargeamountofdata.Thebuildingprocessisverydynamicandcomprisesiterativephasesandintermediatechanges.Manyactorswithshiftingagendas,rolesandresponsibilitiesareactivelyinvolved,suchas:thehealthcareinstitutions,nationalandlocalgovernments,projectdevelopers,financialinstitutions,architects,contractors,advisors,facilitymanagers,andequipmentmanufacturersandsuppliers.Suchbuildingprojectsareverymuchinfluenced,bythehealthcarepolicy,whichchangesrapidlyinresponsetothemedical,societalandtechnologicaldevelopments,andvariesgreatlybetweencountries(WorldHealthOrganization,2000).InTheNetherlands,forexample,thewayabuildingprojectinthehealthcaresectorisorganisedisundergoingamajorreformduetoafundamentalchangeintheDutchhealthpolicythatwasintroducedin2008.Therapidlychangingcontextpostsaneedforabuildingwithflexibilityoveritslifecycle.Inordertoincorporatelife-cycleconsiderationsinthebuildingdesign,constructiontechnique,andfacilitymanagementstrategy,amultidisciplinarycollaborationisrequired.Despitetheattemptforestablishingintegratedcollaboration,healthcarebuildingprojectsstillfacesseriousproblemsinpractice,suchas:budgetoverrun,delay,andsub-optimalqualityintermsofflexibility,end-user’sdissatisfaction,andenergyinefficiency.Itisevidentthatthelackofcommunicationandcoordinationbetweentheactorsinvolvedinthedifferentphasesofabuildingprojectisamongthemostimportantreasonsbehindtheseproblems.Thecommunicationbetweendifferentstakeholdersbecomescritical,aseachstakeholderpossessesdifferentsetofskills.Asaresult,theprocessesforextraction,interpretation,andcommunicationofcomplexdesigninformationfromdrawingsanddocumentsareoftentime-consuminganddifficult.Advancedvisualisationtechnologies,like4Dplanninghavetremendouspotentialtoincreasethecommunicationefficiencyandinterpretationabilityoftheprojectteammembers.However,theiruseasaneffectivecommunicationtoolisstilllimitedandnotfullyexplored(DawoodandSikka,2008).Therearealsootherbarriersintheinformationtransferandintegration,forinstance:manyexistingICTsystemsdonotsupporttheopennessofthedataandstructurethatisprerequisiteforaneffectivecollaborationbetweendifferentbuildingactorsordisciplines.Buildinginformationmodelling(BIM)offersanintegratedsolutiontothepreviouslymentionedproblems.Therefore,BIMisincreasinglyusedasanICTsupportincomplexbuildingprojects.AneffectivemultidisciplinarycollaborationsupportedbyanoptimaluseofBIMrequirechangingrolesoftheclients,architects,andcontractors;newcontractualrelationships;andre-organisedcollaborativeprocesses.Unfortunately,therearestillgapsinthepracticalknowledgeonhowtomanagethebuildingactorstocollabora