浅析哈代《德伯家的苔丝》的悲剧性及其原因 英文

iOntheTragedyofTessandItsCauses浅析哈代《德伯家的苔丝》的悲剧性及其原因AbstractThispaperstatesthewritingbackgroundandmaincontentsofthenovelTessoftheD’urerviles,introducestheauthor----ThomasHardy,themostoutstandingrealisticwriterofthe19thcentury,describesthestrugglingspiritsofthebeautifulandinnocentgirlTesswhenshewasfacingsufferings;andatthesametime,revealsTess’sfailureinmarriage,andthemiserabledestinyofbeinghanged.Thispaperalsoanalysesthefamilybackgroundandsocialphenomena,andherpersonality,summariesallkindsofreasonsleadingtoTess’smiserablefate,anddeeplyexposesthedarknessofthecapitalistsocietyandthemoremiserabledestinyofthewomen.Keywords:Tess,Tess’stragedy,Socialcauses,Character,Inevitabilityii摘要本文简要陈述了小说《德伯家的苔丝》的写作背景及主要情节，介绍了该小说的作----19世纪杰出的现实主义作家托马斯·哈代，描写了美丽纯真的主人公苔丝姑娘面对苦难生活而表现出的那种不屈不挠的抗争精神，同时也揭示了苔丝失败的婚姻，以及苔丝最后被处以绞刑的悲惨命运。本文还分析了苔丝的家庭情况，当时的社会背景，以及她的个人性格特点，总结了导致苔丝悲惨命运的种种原因，深刻地揭露了资本主义社会的黑暗及妇女更加苦难的命运。关键词:苔丝,悲剧,人物性格,必然性错误!未找到引用源。TableofContentsChapterⅠ.Introduction..............................................................................................1ChapterⅡ.Thebackgroundofthenovel:TessoftheD’Urbervilles......................22.1.Abouttheauthor:ThomasHardy........................................................................22.2.Themaincontentofthenovel.............................................................................3ChapterⅢ.InevitablecausesofTess’stragedy.........................................................53.1.Objectivefactors..................................................................................................53.1.1.SocialphenomenonandSocialbackground.................................................53.1.2.“Impetus”fromherfamily...........................................................................63.1.3.Hypocrisyofbourgeoismoralityandreligion..............................................83.1.4.Unequallegalsystem....................................................................................93.2.Subjectivefactors..............................................................................................103.2.1.Tess’sfigureandcharacter..........................................................................103.2.1.1.Purity,diligence,self-esteem.............................................................103.2.1.2.Obedience,kindness,bravery............................................................113.2.2.WeaknessofTess’spersonalityandfate.....................................................113.2.2.1.Compromise,ignorance.....................................................................113.2.2.2.Traditionalmindandweakpersonality..............................................123.2.2.3.Pessimisticfatetheory.......................................................................12ChapterⅣ.TheinfluenceofTess.............................................................................14ChapterⅤ.Conclusion..............................................................................................16Bibliography...............................................................................................................17Acknowledgements....................................................................................................18毕业设计小结...............................................................................错误!未定义书签。1ChapterⅠ.IntroductionTessofD’Ubevilles,publishedin1891,isoneofHardy’slastandmostimportantnovels,undoubtedly,oneofhismostsignificantmasterpieces.Thestorytellsusthetragiclifeofanintelligentandsensitivecountrygirl,sheturnsfromasimpleandnativegirltoawomanwhocommitsasupposedlycriminalorimmoralaction,andsheenduresagreatdealoftragedyduringherbrieflife.HardydemonstrateshisdeepsenseofmoralsympathyforEngland’slowerclassduringhisera,particularlyforruralwoman.Tess,theheroineofthisnovel,wasfullofupsanddownsinherwholelife,andhertragicfatehasalwaysbeenahottopicintheliteraryresearch.However,whenconsidereditdeeply,Tess’spatheticlifeisnotmerelyastoryoranaccidentalevent.Whatarethereasonsforthisunfortunate,poorpeasantgirltohavesuchsufferings?whatleadtohertragedy?Whatkilledher?Sotheaimofthispaperistolookbackthenoveltogether,stepbystep,andmakeadetailedanalysisonthenoveltodemonstratethevariouscausesoftheheroine’stragedyfromthefollowingprospectiveofsocialbackground,amainandobjectivefactor.Familybackground,apromotingfactor,andunequallegalandreligionsystemaswellasTess’simperfectpersonalitiesarebeingdiscussedtoshowtheeraofHardyandTessandTess’sunavoidabletragedy.2ChapterⅡ.Thebackgroundofthenovel:TessoftheD’Urbervilles2.1.Abouttheauthor:ThomasHardyThomasHardywasbornin1840inasmalltownneartheDorchesterwherelaterbecamethefamous“Wessex”inmanyofhisnovels.Whenhewasyoung,heshowedastronginterestinreligionandmusic.Attheageof16,heleftschoolandwasapprenticedtoalocalarchitecture.HelefttheruralSouthWestattheageof22andtraveledtoLondonwhereheworkedasanarchitectforArthurBloomfield.DuringhisyearsinLondon,hecontinuedhisstudiesinhisleisuretime.HereadworksofCharlesDarwin,HerbertSpenser,andJohnStuartMill.Theirp