张汉熙高级英语第三版第一册Lesson 1 (定)

Lesson1FacetoFacewithHurricaneCamilleTeachingAims1.Toknowthewritingtechniquesofanarrative2.Tobeacquaintedwithsomeliterarytermsofnarration3.Tolearntousewordstodescribedisastersandviolence4.Toappreciatethelanguagefeatures5.TolearntowriteastoryaboutdisastersTeachingContentsI.BackgroundknowledgeII.TheliterarystyleIII.DetailedstudyofthetextIV.OrganizationalpatternV.LanguagefeaturesVI.QuestionsforgroupdiscussionNaturalDisastersearthquakeflooddroughthurricanetornadotyphoonsandstormsnowstormsnowslidelandslidetsunamivolcaniceruptionBrainstormingWarming-upActivitiesWhatisyourideaaboutHurricanes?Howdangerousarethey?HaveyoueverbeeninHurricanes?Orhaveyoueverbeenconfrontedwithanynaturaldisaster?Howdoyoufeel?Exchangeyourideas.WhatdoyouthinkyouwoulddofirstifyouwereconfrontedwithHurricanes?I.BackgroundKnowledgeHurricane,typhoon,stormNamingofhurricanesandtyphoonsHurricaneCamille,BetsyI.BackgroundKnowledge1.Hurricane:•AHurricaneisatropicalstorminwhichwindsattainspeedsgreaterthan75milesperhour(120km).ThetermisoftenrestrictedtothosestormsoccurringovertheNorthAtlanticOcean.•Incipient([in'sipiənt]初期的)hurricanesusuallyformoverthetropicalNAtlanticOceanandmatureastheydriftwestward.HurricanesalsooccasionallyformoffthewestcoastofMexicoandmovenortheastwardfromthatarea.•Anaverageof3.5tropicalstormsperyeareventuallymatureintohurricanesalongtheeastcoastofNorthAmerica,usuallyovertheCaribbeanSeaorGulfofMexico.2.Typhoon/cyclone:SimilarstormsoccurringovertheWestPacificOceanandChinaSeasarecalledtyphoons.ThoseovertheIndianOceanarecalledtropicalcyclones(旋风).Tornado:alocalizedandviolentlydestructivewindstormoccurringoverlandcharacterizedbyafunnel-shapedcloudextendingtowardtheground一般只指开阔”陆地上“形成的”龙卷风“，规模一般比hurricane小。Astormisnamedwhenitreachestropicalstormstrengthwithwindsof39mph,andbecomesahurricaneortyphoonwhenitswindspeedreaches75mph.75m.p.h.storm39m.p.hHurricane/typhoonTheNationalWeatherServiceoftheUnitedStateshasusedgirls'namestoidentifyhurricanesintheAtlantic,Caribbean,andGulfofMexicosince1953andthenamesweregiveninalphabeticalorder.3.HowareHurricanesNamed?Eachnameontheliststartswithadifferentletter,forexample,thenameoftheveryfirsthurricaneoftheseasonstartswiththeletterA,thenextstartswiththeletterB,andsoon.ThelettersQ,U,X,YandZ,however,arenotused.HowareHurricanesNamed?Asemi-permanentlistof10setsofnamesinalphabeticalorderwasestablishedin1971.Thispracticeofgivinggirls'namestohurricaneschangedrecently.In1980ahurricanewasgivenaman'snameandwascalledHurricaneDavid.HowareHurricanesNamed?•TheyalsobeganusingFrenchandSpanishmaleandfemalenamesatthistime.•HurricaneseasonusuallystartsonJune1andendsonNov.30.HowareHurricanesNamed?Oftenwhenanunusuallydestructivehurricanehits,thathurricane'snameisretiredandneverusedagain.Since1954,fortynameshavebeenretired.In1996HurricaneLuiswasretired.HowareHurricanesNamed?HurricanenamesarechosenfromalistselectedbytheWorldMeteorological(气象的）Organization.Thereisactuallyonelistforeachofsixyears.Inotherwords,onelistisrepeatedeveryseventhyear.HowareHurricanesNamed?4.Howaretyphoonsnamed?TyphoonsaretropicalstormsthatformoverthePacificOceannorthoftheequator.Hurricanesaregivengirls'namesandtyphoonsareusuallygivenserialnumbers.Eachofthe14nationsthattyphoonsaffectsubmittedalistofnamesforatotalof141names.Thenamesincludeanimals,flowers,astrological（星相学的）signsandafewpersonalnames.Chinesenamesoftyphoonsconsistoflongwang,yutu,fengshen,dujuan,haima,wukong,haiyan,haishen,dianmu,haitang(龙王，玉兔，风神，杜鹃，海马，悟空，海燕，海神，电母，海棠）5.HurricaneCamilleHurricaneCamilleisthestormlashing(striking,attacking)MississippiandLouisianafortwodays,Aug.17-18,in1969.HurricaneCamilleissaidtobetheworststormevertohitmainlandUnitedStates(exceptHurricaneCatrina,2005).Withwindsinexcessof200mphandtidesover20feet,HurricaneCamillesmashedintotheMississippiGulfCoastonSundaynight,the17thofAugustandcontinueditsdevastatingpathuntiltheearlyhoursofMonday,the18th.Thecombinationofwinds,surges,andrainfallscaused256deaths(143ontheGulfCoastand113intheVirginiafloods)and$1.421billionindamage.ThreedeathwerereportedinCuba.HurricaneBetsyisthestormlashingFlorida,MississippiandLouisianain1965fromSept.7-10,causingthedeathof74persons.HurricaneBetsyII.Theliterarystyle1.Typeofliterature:Apieceof_________.Simplydefined,narrationisthetellingofastory.Apieceofnarrationismainlydevelopedintheactual________sequence.Thewritertellsthereaderswhathappensfirstandwhatnext.timenarration2.Theliterarytermsnarration---storytellingextendednarration---novelshistoriesbiographiesautobiographiestraveloguesLiterarytermsofnarration:Protagonist(主角)---leadingcharacterAntagonist(反面主角)---thepeopleorforcesprotagonistsfightagainstSuspense(悬念)---thestateofuncertaintyInterposition(插入)---thepassagewhichisputbetweentheactionThepurposeistoaddmoreinformationtocreatesuspenseFlashback(倒叙，闪回)---interruptionofchronologicalsequencebyinterjectionofeventsofearlieroccurrenceClimax(高潮)---themostexciting,importantinterestingpartonthestoryDenouement[dei'nu:mɔŋ](小说或戏剧的结局)---theendingofastoryAgoodstory