初中英语阅读理解之主旨大意day2

初中阅读理解主旨题及解题技巧Howtograspthemainideaofapassage--inreading?主旨大意题•正确理解文章的“主旨大意”是阅读技能之二。要求在阅读和理解全文的基础上，对文章作出归纳、概括或评价。这也是英语阅读理解中常见的一类题型，大多是要求判断文章的标题或各段大意。阅读中主旨大意题的题型分类主旨题标题类文章主旨段落主旨1.标题类试题常见的题干形式•(1)Thebesttitleforthispassageis.•(2)Thesuitableheadlineforthispassagemaybe•(3)Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideaofthepassageis.•(4)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?(体现概括性,避免远离主题)2.文章主旨类试题常见的题干形式•(1)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?•(2)Thepassagetalksabout...•(3)Thepassagetellsusthat...•(4)Thispassagemainlydealswith...•(5)What’sthemainidea/topicofthepassage?(体现全面性,避免以偏概全)3.段落主旨类试题常见的题干形式•(1)Themainideaofthesecondparagraphprobablyisthat.•(2)Whatisthelastparagraphchieflyconcernedwith?•(3)WhichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizeParagraphone?•(4)What’sthemainideadiscussedinthefirstparagraph?(体现针对性,避免张冠李戴)关键-主题句主题句：凡表述段落（或短文）主旨大意的句子。三个特点：（1）总领性强，概括性强（2）结构简单，不用难句（3）其他句子解释、支撑或扩展主题句，起服从、论证、补充的作用TypesOfParagraphStructuresThepositionofthetopicAtthebeginningAttheendInthemiddleNocleartopicsentence•Englishisclearlyaninternationallanguage.Itisspokenbypilotsandairportcontroloperatorsonalltheairwaysoftheworld.Over70percentoftheworld'sradioprogramsareinEnglish.主题句在段首或篇首•例2：Ifyoubuysomewell-madeclothes,youcansavemoneybecausetheycanlastlonger.Theylookgoodevenaftertheyhavebeenwashedmanytimes.Sometimessomeclothescostmoremoney,butitdoesnotmeanthattheyarealwaysbettermade,ortheyalwaysfitbetter.Inotherwords,somelessexpensiveclotheslookandfitbetterthanmoreexpensiveclothes.•Q:Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.well-madeclothesB.moreexpensiveclothesC.clothesthatarenotveryexpensivebutlookandfitbetterD.clothesthatareexpensiveandwell-made主题句在段末或篇末例3：InspiteofthefactthatcarsfromGermanyandJapanarefloodingtheAmericanmarket,Ford,GeneralMotorsandChryslerareemployingmoreworkersthaneverbefore.ThefloodofcheaperforeigncarshasnotcastAmericanautoworkerstheirjobsassomeexpertspredicted.FordoperatesasfarasAsia,andGeneralMotorsisconsideredAustralian’sbiggestemployer.YetGeneralMotorshasitshugeAmericanworkforceandemployshundredsofpeopleeverydaytomeettheneedsofaninsatiable(不能满足的）society.Question:WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaoftheparagraphA.GMisoneofthelargestcarproducers.B.FordoperatesnotonlyintheU.S.A.,butalsoinAsia.C.TheforeigncarshavenottakenawaythejobsofAmericanautoworkers.D.ThefloodofthecheaperforeigncarsisterribleforAmericanautoworkers.takesth.awayofsb.和castsb.sth.的意思相似主题句在段中或篇中Handshaking,thoughaEuropeanpracticeisoftenseeninbigcitiesofChina.NobodyknowsexactlywhenthepracticestartedinEurope.ItissaidthatlonglongagoinEuropewhenpeoplemet,theyshowedtheirunarmed(无武器的)handstoeachotherasasignofgoodwill.Astimewentonandtradeincitiesgrewrapidly,peopleincitiesbegantoclapeachother’shandstomakeadealortoreachanagreement.Thispracticewaslaterchangedintoshakinghandsamongfriendsonmeetingorleavingeachother.“Let’sshake(hands)onit”sometimesmeansagreementreached.无主题句Theparagraphmainlytellsus______.A.wherehandshakingwasfirstpracticedB.howhandshakingcameaboutC.abouttherelationshipbetweenhandshakingandtradeD.aboutthepracticeofhandshakingbothinEuropeandinChina解题技巧技巧一：识别文体技巧二：找关联词技巧三:抓线索技巧四:找高频词技巧一：识别文体新闻报道导语提携全文议论文总--分--总（论点－论据－结论）说明文主题句（首－－中－－尾）记叙文记叙文六要素Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?议论文总--分--总Whatisthemainidea?A.cigarettesmokingcancausecancer.B.smokingcancausethemostseriousandterribledisease(illness).C.smokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.D.smokingisharmful.DIfyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only＄79.Twodayssale.Hurry.”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy.Youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel.Amuchbettersetwhichis“justrightforyou”Itcosts＄395.Thissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.Buyingthingsonsaleneedscarefulconsiderationofthegoodsandthereasonforthesale.Theparagraphcouldbeentitled_________.A.BuyingATVSetB.ASellingMethodC.BuyerBewareD.TVOnSaleMrsTurner’stelephonenumberwas3463;thenumberofthecinemainhertownwas3464,peopleoftenmadeamistakeandtelephonedherwhentheyactuallywantedthecinema.OneeveningthetelephonebellrangandMrsTurneransweredit.Atiredman’svoicecameoverthetelephone:”Atwhattimedoesyourlastfilmbegin?””I’msorry”,saidMrsTurner,“butyouhavethewrongnumber.Thisisnotthecinema.”“Oh,Itbegantwentyminutesago,”saidtheman.”I’msorryaboutthat.Well,goodbye.”MrsTurnerwasverysurprised,soshetoldherhusband.Helaughedandsaid,”No,thatwasn’tamistake.Theman’swifewantedtogotothecinema,buthewasfeelingtired,sohetelephonedthecinema.Hiswifeheardhim,butshedidn’thearyou.Nowtheywillstayathomethisevening,andthehusbandwillbehappy!”WhywasMrsTur