高中英语选修6--3语法2

IstudyIenjoyIsucceedGrammarTheUseof“it”Talkaboutthefollowingpictures,usingItisnouse/gooddoingsth做…没有用/不好Itisfundoingsth做……很有趣还想跑？甭想！想追我?没门！①Itisnevertoooldtolearn.活到老,学到老。②Itiseasiertofallthantorise.摔倒容易爬起来难。③Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。④Itneverrainsbutitpours(泼水).不鸣则已,一鸣惊人。Proverbs(谚语)with“It”⑤Itiseasytoopenashopbuthardtokeepitalwaysopen.创业容易守业难。⑥Ittakesthreegenerations(代)tomakeagentleman.十年树木,百年树人。S1.Whatisthis?Itisacellphone.S2.Whatisthat?Itishisdictionary.S3.Whosebookisthis?ItisMrCheng’s.S4.WhereisyourEnglishbook?Itishere.S5.Mycatismissing,Ican’tfinditanywhere.S6.Whatabeautifulbaby?Isitaboy?Drawaconclusion:1.It---词性?______可以用作人称代词，代指_______________还可以替代指示代词_____或______或__________________________Pron.前文提到的事物.thatthis指代性别不详的人或者是幼儿一、it用作代词ItisFridaytoday.ItwasverycoldlastMonday.Itisabout8:30now.Itisabout25kmfromLongxiantoBazi.ItliesinthesouthofShaoguancity.Itis40°C!Yougotahighfever!2.it可以用作非人称代词,表示_____,_____,______,______,______,______等。dateweathertimedistanceplacetemperature日期天气时间距离地点温度Readandanalyzethefollowingsentences.Itisobviousthatthewaterwastoblame.Itistruethathewilltreatmetobreakfasttomorrow.Itiscertainthatourclasswilldoagoodjobinthefinalexam.Isitpossiblethathewillbecomethechairmanofourcountry?分析:it是__________,句子真正的主语是___________________。形式主语that引导的主语从句二、it作形式主语①Itisadj.+clause1.it作形式主语替代主语从句牢记以下常用于该句型的形容词Itisclear/obvious/true/possible/certain/amazing/ridiculous等+that从句.思考:为什么要用it做形式主语而把真正主语放到后面去?遵循英语语言的尾重原则,避免句子头重脚轻。Itisstrangethat_______________________.他居然会这样说，真是奇怪。Itisnaturalthat___________________________.鸟在树上安歇是很自然的。Itisnecessarythat___________________________.有必要立即派他去北京。It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/impossible+thatClause从句中的动词要用虚拟,即(should)+动词原形he(should)saysoabird(should)restintrees回顾第二单元有关虚拟语气语法hebesenttoBeijingrightawayItissaid(reported/learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....)that...该句型中的it仍是形式主语,真正主语是that引导的主语从句;该结构常译为“据说(据报道,据悉…)”。ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.②Itis+pp.+that…=sb./sth.istodo③Itis+noun+从句Itisapity(ashame/anhonor/agoodthing/afact/asurprise/...)that...该句型中,that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可省去。表示出乎意料,常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气。如：Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.这种事竟然发生在你们班上,真是遗憾！常用it作形式主语的句型：1)Itbe+adj.(clear,obvious,important,necessary…)+that从句2)Itbe+-ed(said,reported,suggested…)+that从句3)Itbe+名词(ashame,apity)+that从句4)It+不及物动词(happens,appears,seems…)+that从句BackItisnecessary/strange/natural/important/apity/nowonder/impossible/essential+that从句That从句动词使用陈述语气That从句动词使用虚拟语气2.代作主语的动词不定式1)Itbeadj.(forsb.)todosth.此处adj.通常为描述事件的形容词:easy,difficult,hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,wrong,important,unimportant,legal,illegal,well-mannered（彬彬有礼的,气质高雅的,）ill-mannered（没规矩的粗鲁的）,polite,right,useful，impolite,clear,obvious,certain,suitable,proper,fit,dangerous…Itisillegal(forateenager)todriveacarwithoutalicense.2)Itbeadj.ofsb.todosth.此处adj.通常为描述人的形容词:kind,unkind,nice,rude,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,silly,thoughtless,careful,careless,foolish,stupid,clever,wise,crazy.It’skindofyoutohelpmewiththeproblem.It’snogood/usedoing…It’s(well)worthdoing…It’s(well)worthone'swhiledoing/todo…It’s(well)worthwhiledoing/todoIt’sfundoing…3.It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型小结：it做形式主语It可以在句中充当形式主语，真正主语可以由______引导的主语从句充当，还可以由______以及_________短语充当。that不定式动名词Readandanalyzethefollowingsentences.S1.Amousebarkedlikeadoganddroveacataway,sohesaidtohisson“Ithinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.”S2.Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.分析：S1与S2句型中的it是___________,真正宾语是___________.建议用6123结构来记忆该结构。形式宾语不定式短语三、it作形式宾语6123结构Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.Ibelieveitimportantkeepingnotes.Hefounditdifficultthathewouldfinishthetaskinanhour.6---主句常用的6个动词---think,believe,make,find,consider,feel.1---形式宾语it2---紧跟在it后的宾语补足语，有两种形式，形容词或者名词。3---真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语；动名词短语；that引导的宾语从句。★主+v.+it+adj./n.+todo/that-clause/doing四、用于强调句型中It+is/was+被强调部分+that/who+…ImetTomintheparkyesterday.1)ItwasIwhometTomintheparkyesterday.2)ItwasTomwhoImetintheparkyesterday.3)ItwasintheparkthatImetTomyesterday.4)ItwasyesterdaythatImetTominthepark.问题探究:要想强调met怎么办?Hedidmeetanoldfriendintheparkyesterday.强调句用以强调主语,宾语,介词宾语以及状语。(强调人时用that和who/whom皆可)如何去判断强调句？Itis(was)...that(who)去掉，该句应该意思完整，不缺任何句子成分。it指时间强调句，强调at5o’clockItwasfiveo’clock______Igothome.Itwasatfiveo’clock_____Igothome.whenthatCheckingpointsforEmphasis结构It+be+被强调部分+that(who)剩余部分判断方法去掉It+be…that(who)…剩下的部分可以组成一个完整的句子特殊句型NotuntilIt+be+notuntil…+that…一般疑问句Be+it+被强调部分+that+剩余部分特殊疑问句疑问词+be+it+that+剩余部分强调句型用于疑问句,被强调的部分是特殊疑问词或从句引导词ItwasinthestreetthatImetheryesterday.Wherewasitthatyoumetheryesterday?Iwonderedwhereitwasthatyoumetheryesterday.Itisnotuntil+被强调部分+that...该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语,译成汉语“直到……才……”,可以说是not...until...的强调形式。如:ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.在一些固定用法中考查常见的固定用法有:makeit成功，安排在或定在某时间forgetit别提了