名词性从句兰芬

名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句主语从句在句中做------宾语从句在句中做------表语从句在句中做------同位语从句在句中-----主语宾语表语同位语1.Thathewillcomeiscertain.2.Iknowthathewillcome.3.ThetruthisthatIhavebeenthere.4.Thefactthatshewaslatesurprisedus.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句1.为什么叫名词性从句？_______________________整个从句相当于一个名词比较:Themanlookedaround.Thattheboyfailedagainintheexamdisappointedhismother.同样作主语，从句可以表示较复杂的含义,一般是个动作或性质Iknowhim.Iknowthatheiswritinghiscompositioninhisroom2.为什么要有名词性从句？那人看了看四周.(名词作主语)那孩子考试又不及格令他母亲很失望.(从句作主语)我知道他在房间里写作文.从句的特征:是一个句子,有一个引导词,引导词做从句的一个成分(that除外)名词能做的成分,从句都能做从句表达的意思比名词复杂得多主语从句thatwhetherwhowhomwhosewhatwhichwhenwherewhyhow从句引导词:1.ThatheknowsJapaneseisknowntoall.他懂日语,这一点大家都知道令我惊讶的是在这儿见到他.3.Whenhewillcomeisunknown.4.Whetherheiscomingdoesn’tmattermuch.他来不来没什么要紧的他什么时候来不清楚.他们是怎么登上山顶的仍是个秘密.5.Itremainsasecrethowtheyclimbedupthemountain.主语从句的位置1.在句首2.主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用It主语太长了!放到句尾DetailsDetailsDetailsDetailsThat无词义,不可省略What“什么”,“所….的”2.Whatsurprisedmewastoseehimhere.When“什么时候”主语从句不用if位于句首用形式主语it的主语从句常见结构Itisclear(necessary,important,possible,remarkablethat…很清楚（必要,重要,可能,值得注意等)…Itisafact(agoodthing,goodnews…)that…事实是(好事是,好消息是…)…Itiswell-known(reported,recorded,estimated,said,believed)that…众所周知(据报道,,据记载,据说,据估计)…1.It+be+形容词+that从句2.It+be+名词词组(duty/pity..)+that从句3.It+be+过去分词(said/thought..)+that从句Itisapitythatwecan’tgoswimming.Itissaidthathetoldhereverything.IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.Itiscertainthathewilldowellintheexam.1.真可惜我们不能去游泳.2.碰巧那天我外出了.3.他考试肯定会考好.4.据说他告诉了她一切.注意:Itlookedthathewasright.(×)可以说:Itlooksasif….happen只有it句型Itissaid只有it句型More4.It+不及物动词(seem/happen..)+that从句4.Itturnsout(seems,happens,appears…)that…结果是(似乎是,碰巧是,好象是…)…5.Ithasbeenfound(hasbeenproved,canbeseen,mustbepointedout)that…已发现(已证明,可以看出,需指出)…Isittruethatthescientistwillgiveusalecture?()Isthatthescientistwillgiveusalecturetrue?()疑问句中应该用形式主语It句型1Whateverwedomustbeintheinterestofthepeople.()Itmustbeintheinterestofthepeoplewhateverwedo()2名词性关系代词whatever/whoever/whichever/wherever/what引导的主语从句一般放在句首√√×改错1.Itistruewhathesaid.Whathesaidistrue.放在句首2.Isthathewillcomecertain?Isitcertainthathewillcome?问句3.Hecanswimisknowntoall.Thathecanswimisknowntoall.从句必须有引导词×用it句型翻译:1.据说今年高一学生要学新教材.2.事实是他们靠自己完成了所有的任务.3.碰巧他们已经参加过军训了.4.众所周知,比尔·盖茨是世界上最富有的人.5.我们应该养成好的学习习惯这很重要.ItissaidthattheSeniorGradeonestudentswilllearnanewtextthisyear.Itisafactthattheyfinishedalltheworkbythemselves.Ithappenedthattheyhadhadtheirmilitarytraining.Itiswell-knownthatBillGatesistherichestpersonintheworld.→→→→→Itisimportantthatwe(should)formagoodhabitofstudying.Note:Itisimportant/necessary/natural/ourduty/essential/strangethatsb(should)dosth.固定句型,should可以省略翻译:真奇怪他今天竟然迟到了.Itisstrangethatheshouldbelatetoday.strange不省略should为好√√that引导陈述句,在从句中没有词义,不可省略她会讲法语这一点大家都知道.ThatshecanspeakFrenchisknowntousall.她一声不响拿走了他的杂志,这使他很生气.__________________________________________________________五班输了比赛,这事令所有的人感到惊讶.__________________________________________________________他干了一上午的活,这使他感到很累.__________________________________________________________她不可能是美国人,这一点是很清楚的.__________________________________________________________她已经入团了,这件事很快会被宣布.__________________________________________________________Thathetookawayhismagazinewithoutawordmadehimangry.ThatClassFivelostthegamesurprisedeveryone.Thatheworkedallmorningmadehimfeelverytired.Thatshecan’tbeanAmericanisquiteclear.ThatshehasjoinedtheLeaguewillbeannouncedsoon.★What在从句中表示“什么”或“所…..的”Whathewilldonextisunknown.What表示疑问“什么”比如：他下一步做什么我们不清楚。1.在那儿所看到的(事物)是无法描述的.2.我们怎么处理这些书与你无关.3.她会给我们带些什么食物来还不清楚.4.明天会发生什么事还是个谜.5.她所买的只是一些蔬菜.Whatwasseenthereisbeyonddescription.Whatwewilldowiththefoodhasnothingtodowithyou.Whatfoodshewillbringtousisnotclear.Whatwillhappentomorrowisstillamystery.WhatshehasboughtisonlysomevegetablesWhat只用于名词性从句中★whenwherewhyhowwhowhomwhose分别表示什么时候、什么地方、为什么、怎么、谁（主格/宾格）、谁的Whenwewillhaveameetingisunknown.Wherewewillhaveameetingisunknown.Whyweshouldhaveameetingisunknown.1.我们什么时候开会不清楚.2.我们在什么地方开会不清楚.3.我们为什么要开会不清楚.4.他们是怎么发现那个秘密的令大家很感兴趣.5.谁来当他们的班主任还没有决定Howtheydiscoveredthatsecretinterestedeveryone.Whowillbetheirclassteacherhasnotbeendecided.Wheredidtheygolastweekisofnoimportance.()错凡是从句都必须用陈述语序went★whether从句作主语时不能用if1.我们是否要重新做这个实验好没有决定.2.这本书是否林先生写的这一点很重要.3.他们是否能按时达到要看天气.4.她是否能考上大学要看她是否努力.5.是留在教室里上课还是去看电影要有老师来决定.Whetherweshoulddotheexperimentagainhasnotbeendecided.WhetherthebookwaswrittenbyMr.Linisveryimportant.Whethertheycanarriveintimedependsontheweather.Whethershecanpassthecollegeentranceexaminationdependsonwhethershewillworkhard.Whetherwewillstayintheclassroomtogoonwithourlessonorwewillgotoseeafilmhastobedecidedbyourteacher.Whetherthatshecancomeornotdoesn’tmatter.()错一个从句只能有一个引导词表语从句从句引导词:thatwhetherwhowhomwhosewhichwhenwherehowwhatwhyasif/asthough1.Thetruthisthathehasneverbeentothecountryside.2.ThequestioniswhetherwecanfinishtheexperimentbyFriday.3.Itlooksasifitweregoingtorain.实际情况是他从未去过农村.that一般不省略问题在于我们能否在明天下午之前完成这项实验.表语从句不用if好象看上去要下雨似的.(其实不会)asif/asthough从句常表示不真实的情况Shetalksasif/asthoughshehadbeentherebefore.她说话的口气好象以前去过那儿似的.又比如:4.Thisschoolisnolongerwhatitwasbefore.这所学校已不再是从前的那个样子了.what=thethingthatMore系动词