5.初升高英语句子成分讲与练：补足语

初升高英语句子成分讲与练：补足语►补足语（Complement）分为宾语补足语（ObjectComplement）和主语补足语（SubjectComplement），对宾语或主语起补充说明作用。►背景知识：复合宾语（ComplexObject）宾语与宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。常见的接复合宾语的动词可分为以下两大类：1.使役动词，即汉语释义为“使、让”的动词，如：let,have,make,get,cause2.感官动词，如：see,watch,notice,observe,find，discover，hear,feel3.表示思维活动、心理活动、情感态度的动词，如：wish,like,hate,consider,think,believe,judge,suppose等一）宾语补足语:宾语补足语可由名词、形容词、数词、不定式、分词、介词短语等充当。►牛刀小试：找出下列句子中的宾语补足语并指出其类型：1.WecallhimLittleFreshMeat.2.Whomadeyousoangry?3.Weinviteyoutobringyourfamilyandfriendsonthatspecialday.4.You’dbetternotkeephimwaitingintheheavyrain.5.I’veneverheardthewordusedinspokenEnglish.6.Wefoundeverythingingoodorder.►高考考点链接：1.Helpingothersmakeshimhappily.2.Headvisedme_____________(take)exerciseregularly.3.Welethimtogowithus.4.1)Joehadmetofindacarforhim.(改错）.2)Itwascold,andshehadthefire___________(burn)dayandnight.3)You’dbetterhavethatbadtooth___________(pull)out.4)Youshouldgetyourfriend____________(help)you.5.Whensummercomes,theywillinvitetheirstudentspickthefreshvegetables.(改错）6.Iwantmycafehaveaspecialthemesuchaslike“TangDynasty”.(改错，两处）资料链接（一）：不定式作宾补省略to的口诀五看二听一感觉（see,notice,watch,find,observe）(hear,listento)(feel)let,have加make(均为使役动词)help之后或省或留不算错被动式，要注意，不定式带to莫忘记（Hewasmadetoworkdayandnight.)资料链接（二）：with复合结构中的宾语补足语“with+名词、代词+宾补”构成with复合结构，其中的宾补可以由现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语充当，with复合结构常在句中作状语或定语。1.Withsomuchworkfillingmymind,Ialmostbrokedown.2.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhisworkfinished,hegladlyacceptedit.3.Withsomanydifficultproblemstosettle,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.4.Heisusedtosleepingwiththewindowsopen.5.Ourschoollooksbeautifulwithalllightson.6.Theysitinsmallcirclesonthesquare,withtheirbabiesontheirbacks.二）主语补足语：在被动句中，主动句中的宾语补足语就变为主语补足语。►牛刀小试：找出下列各句中的主语补足语：1.Hewasmadeunhappy.2.Jimwascaughtcheatingontheexam.3.Themachineisfoundinabadstate.►考高考点链接：1.Tomisahardworkingboy,whodoesn’thavetobemade____________(study).2.Imadeabox____________(hold)mybooks.参考答案：一）宾语补足语：牛刀小试：1.WecallhimLittleFreshMeat.2.Whomadeyousoangry?3.Weinviteyoutobringyourfamilyandfriendsonthatspecialday.4.You’dbetternotkeephimwaitingintheheavyrain.5.I’veneverheardthewordusedinspokenEnglish.6.Wefoundeverythingingoodorder.高考考点链接：1.happily-happy2.totake3.去掉to4.1)去掉to2)burning3)pulled4)tohelp5.pick前加to6.have前加to二）主语补足语：►牛刀小试：找出下列各句中的主语补足语：1.Hewasmadeunhappy.2.Jimwascaughtcheatingontheexam.3.Themachineisfoundinabadstate.►考高考点链接：1.tostudy2.tohold