_科索沃独立咨询意见案_评析

科索沃独立咨询意见案评析余民才(100872):2010年7月22日,国际法院就联合国大会提出的科索沃临时自治机构单方面宣布独立是否符合国际法的咨询请求发表了科索沃单方面宣布独立不违反国际法的咨询意见然而,国际法院的这一咨询意见可能产生的消极影响要远大于积极影响它不仅使国家主权和领土完整原则面临颠覆性破坏,而且使联合国安全理事会与国际法院维持国际和平与安全的权威性和作用受到减损国际社会应该采取行动,尽可能避免国际法院的这一咨询意见产生潜在的不利影响:国际法院科索沃独立咨询意见案国际法国家主权和领土完整权原则:(),90%()1999,()!1244(1999)∀(!1244∀)###(UNMIK),2005,,20071117,;2008217,UNMIK,,2008218,,2008108,()!63/3∀,∃2008109,,20081017,,20094172009717,,36142009121#11,,282010722,,!1244∀!%47%∀(!∀),()&212,:(1)(2)!1244∀,,UNMIK2001UNMIK!∀,(3)###,(4)5(5)∋,1947,,1063,,(6)#########!∀7###,,!1244∀1970(,1961)1947∗,!∀,:,,()1.,,:(1);(2),!∀121,,!∀,,,,!∀121,!∀961,,;,,,!∀121,!∀961;!∀12,,!∀96!∀65,,,,%48%20106(140),,2.,,:(1)!63/3∀,,(2),(3),,(4),:(1),,(2),(3),(4)!∀7,!∀12(),:1.,,:(1),;(2),;,1992!787(1992)∀,,(),18#20,;20;,,;,,,,,;,2.!1244∀!∀,!1244∀!∀?,,!∀,!∀,!∀,,,!∀,%49%:UNMIK,!∀,!1244∀,:(1),(2)(),!1244∀UNMIK,;,;,:(1)!1244∀;1999!1251(1999)∀,+!1244∀,(2)!1244∀,,(3)!1244∀UNMIK,!1244∀!∀,!1244∀!∀:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:1.,,,−,,,,,,%50%20106(140),:(1),,!∀7;(2),;(3),,,,,,,,,1970!∀,,:.,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,;,;,2.!1244∀!∀7,,!1244∀10,(),,!1244∀,,,%51%,1969!∀3132,!1244∀,!1244∀,,!1244∀,!1244∀;!1244∀,,,,!1244∀,//,,,,!1244∀,,,!1244∀,,,2001!1373(2001)∀2004!1540(2004)∀:,!1244∀,,!∀();,//;!∀;,!∀;,;,UNMIK,,,,,!1244∀!∀!∀,,,!1244∀,!∀,,3.,%52%20106(140),,,,,,!,,,,,,,,;,,!1244∀,∀2060#70,4.69,,121,,,#,,,,,,536,∃,,,,,,,,,:(1)!1244∀;(2);(3),,4,,,!1244∀%53%,%&,,,,,7(90130),,,,,,,,,;,;,,,,,:∃SeeRequestforanAdvisoryOpinionoftheInternationalCourtofJusticeonwhethertheUnilateralDeclarationofIndependenceofKosovoisinAccordancewithInternationalLaw,A/RES/63/3,8October2008.&SeeAccordancewithInternationalLawoftheUnilateralDeclarationofIndependenceinRespectofKosovo(RequestforAdvisoryOpinion)-AdvisoryOpinion-AdvisoryOpinionof22July2010,I.C.J.Reports2010.∋SeeLegalConsequencesoftheConstructionofaWallintheOccupiedPalestinianTerritory,AdvisoryOpinionof9July2004,I.C.J.Reports2004.(SeeLegalConsequencesforStatesoftheContinuedPresenceofSouthAfricainNamibia(SouthWestAfrica)notwithstandingSecurityCouncilResolution276(1970),AdvisoryOpinion,I.C.J.Reports1971.)SeeCertainExpensesoftheUnitedNations(Article17,paragraph2,oftheCharter),AdvisoryOpinion,I.C.J.Reports1962.∗SeeConditionsofAdmissionofaStatetoMembershipintheUnitedNations(Article4oftheCharter),AdvisoryOpinion,I.C.J.Reports1948.+SeeS/RES/1251(1999),29June1999.,!SeePhilipH.Gordon,InternationalCourtofJusticeAdvisoryOpiniononKosovo'sDeclarationofIndependence,July23,2010,−.SeeReferenceResecessionofQuebec,[1998]2S.C.R.217(1998).2003,2006,,∀SouthWestAfrica(Ethiopiav.SouthAfrica),ProceedingsjoinedwithSouthWestAfrica(Liberiav.SouthAfrica)on20May1961,://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International-Court-of-Justice-advisory-opinion-on-Kosovo's-declaration-of-independence,2010-07-08.∃SeeICJAdvisoryOpiniononKosovoIndependence,28July2010,!∀,(140)